【作者】 邵宏宇；

【导师】 郭伟；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 工业工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 随着信息技术的飞速发展和全球经济一体化格局的逐步形成,制造企业环境发生了根本性变化,信息化建设成为企业价值链提升的非常重要的措施。但一些企业在信息化进程中发生了效益下降、项目失控或者初期信息化建设状况很好,却在新的一轮竞争中逐渐落伍等诸多问题,因此,研究企业信息化机理,实现持续、深入应用信息化具有重要的学术价值和实践意义。作者通过对信息化理论研究文献的总结发现,企业信息化战略的难以确立和推进、信息化效益的难以评估、信息化项目控制的失败率高都根源于对企业本质的认识不足、对企业信息化主要管理要素的把握不足。全文综合运用企业理论、管理科学、信息科学、经济学等多学科领域的最新研究成果和知识,在借鉴与创新的基础上,剖析企业信息化资源和能力,提出了企业全面信息管理的概念和框架体系,构建了企业信息化绩效评价模型,并实证了部分结论。本文通过文献研究,在企业资源基础论和企业能力论的基础上,通过分析企业资源特性,重新界定了企业资源和能力的概念,提出了企业资源运动规律和企业能力体系,构建了企业动力模型和能力模型。本文从企业资源发展历程入手,指出企业资源具有层次性、间接影响性、流动价值性,并总结了企业资源的轻量化规律和四阶段发展规律。作者指出企业除现有企业理论所认为的市场性和生产性外,还具有社会性,企业组织包含三种基本关系(即控制关系、市场交易关系和非正式关系),并提出了以关系能力为基础的组织构建方法。在上述分析的基础上,本文提出了企业能力的动力模型和双链发展模型,重新划分了企业能力体系。在上述理论工作的基础上,本文分析了信息资源在企业中的地位,指出信息是企业管理的核心,对企业创新具有基础推动作用。在现有企业信息化研究的基础上,结合企业理论和企业资源发展规律,本文提出企业信息化四阶段循环发展规律(即信息化引入阶段、标准化阶段、扩散阶段、创新阶段)。本文定义了企业信息化能力,指出企业信息化能力是一种综合能力,涉及技术、管理、组织、流程,结合第三章构建的企业能力体系,将企业信息化能力划分为信息技术能力、信息组织能力、信息创新能力三个子能力,并详细分析了其侧重点和管理方法。本文以企业信息化能力为基础,提出了企业全面信息管理的概念,指出企业信息化的核心是培育信息资源成为企业主导管理资源,关键是培养企业信息化能力和创新能力,促使信息化战略成为企业基本战略,实现全员、全过程、持续信息化。本文重点分析了企业信息化战略规划方法和信息化组织的构成、职能,指出信息化战略应与企业战略同步进行,并充分考虑信息资源、信息化能力对企业管理方式的影响,信息化组织应该是开放式的、创新型的,既与企业战略紧密联系,又可深入业务基层。本文建立了包括动力机制、运行机制和控制机制的企业全面信息管理框架,并结合绩效管理方法建立了企业全面信息管理绩效评价体系。最后,本文分析了企业信息化投入-产出和成本问题,对信息化成本做了绩效指标的归集,并对企业信息化战略做了实证研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of information technology and globalization of world economy, the environment of manufacturers has changed a lot. The construction of informatization became an important way to upgrade enterprises’value chain. But some enterprises lost profit, lost control on projects or constructed informatization well at the beginning but in a new round of competition during information technology application. So there is some important value and practical meaning in the research of enterprise informatization mechanism, using informatization successively and deeply.After summarizing documents of informatization theory, the author discovered it’s hard to establish and push forward enterprise informatization strategy and evaluate informatization efficiency. The losing control on informatization project originated from the poor understanding of enterprise and control of main managerial sectors.This article uses enterprise theory, management science, information science and economic science’s upgraded research fruits and knowledge, on the basic of imitating and innovation, analyzes enterprise information resources and capacity, gives out the enterprise total information management theory and framework, constructs evaluating mode of enterprise informatization sufficiency, and proves some conclusion.This article on the basic of enterprise resource-based view and enterprise capability-based view, analyzes enterprise resource character, redefine the concept of resource and capability constructs enterprise moving rules and capability system, and construct enterprise power mode and capability mode. This article begins from enterprise resource development, point out enterprise resource level, indirect effect, moving character, and summarizes its enlight rules and four periods. The author points out enterprise has not only the market and manufacture characters, but also has society character. Enterprise has three basic relation (includes control, market and abnormal relation). The author expresses the group construction way based on relation capability. On the base of above, this article expresses enterprise capability’s moving mode and double chain development mode, and redivides enterprise capability system.On the base of above, this article analyzes information resources status in enterprise, points out information is the core of enterprise management, can push enterprise innovation. On the base of current enterprise informatization research, integrated with enterprise theory and resource developing rules, this article points out four periods of informatization development (introduction, standardization, expansion and innovation periods). This article definite enterprise informatization capability, points out enterprise informatization capability is a comprehensive capability involving technology, management, organization, flow, divides enterprise informatization capability into Information Technology Capability, Information Organizing Capability and Information Innovation Capability, and analyzes their focus and management way.This article is based on enterprise informatization capability, definite the enterprise overall information management, points out enterprise informatization core is to train management resource, and its key is to train enterprise informatization capability and innovation capability, change informatization strategy into core strategy, and informatize all people, flows successively. This article analyzes strategic planning way and construction and function of informazitation organization, points out informatization strategy and enterprise strategy should go simultaneously, and take information resources, informatization capability’s effect on management way into consideration. Informatization organization should be open, innovative, connected with enterprise strategy, and go to the basic level. This article constructs enterprise information management frame including moving, operation and control mechanism, connected with Performance Management, establishes enterprise information management Performance Management system. At last, this article analyzes informatization invest/output and cost problems, concludes informatization cost and researches enterprise informatization strategy.更多还原