【作者】 钱洪伟；

【导师】 薛向欣；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 冶金资源与生态环境， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 过程工业涉及许多行业,例如化学工业、冶金工业、能源工业、核能工业以及石油工业等,它包含了大部分重工业,这类工业对资源、环境及生态的破坏性极大。在排放标准愈来愈严格的条件下,其污染治理任务愈来愈重。而解决问题的源头在于从行业(部门)决策起点及全过程视角对开发活动的环境影响进行科学分析,将环境因素纳入综合决策中,实现过程工业行业(部门)开发战略决策一体化。本文选择过程工业战略环境评价为对象,同时对富有我国特色化工(矿产)资源的硼行业资源过程工业开发战略为实际行业背景,开展相应的理论研究与实践探索。目的在于为行业开发综合管理提供一种环境管理维度的技术支撑,实现行业可持续发展路径。首先,在对战略环境评价的演变进程及国内外发展现状和趋势进行全面梳理的基础上,提出了在过程工业行业开展战略环境评价的可行性及现实意义。同时,分析了过程工业战略环境评价特有的理论构成框架。透过技术哲学视野,全面分析过程工业战略环境评价的主体与客体、目的与标准以及内容与方法等本质属性。在这个意义上,提出了过程工业战略环境评价应遵循的原则。以我国硼资源开发利用相关的资源、环境问题的基本态势为分析平台。以耗散结构及工业生态学理论为出发点,全面分析了过程工业开发系统的耗散结构形成机制及表征,提出了过程工业开发系统生态化趋势及稳定性条件。在这个基础上,系统分析了过程工业开发生态系统的特征以及过程工业开发战略的特点;同时对过程工业开发战略的环境影响发生机理进行了探索性研究。其次,建立以耗散结构理论与工业生态学理论为基础出发点的多学科为支撑的过程工业战略环境评价方法学框架及技术架构,为指导我国的行业环境影响评价理论研究及其具体实践推进提供一定的参考性。结合过程工业战略环境评价的应用性,建构了多元分析维度的决策一体化理念方法学框架,旨在解释环境选择的哲学意蕴,在这样一个方法学框架下,来反馈指导过程工业战略环境评价的技术架构。技术架构以全过程、多层面为基本特征,包括现状评价、回顾评价和预测评价等环节。同时系统性提炼出过程工业战略环境评价的关键技术,包括过程工业开发战略环境现状评价、过程工业开发战略回顾评价、过程工业开发战略动力流的环境影响评价、社会-经济-文化系统影响评价、过程工业开发战略环境风险评价、过程工业开发战略替代方案及决策支持评价技术等。分别阐释了各自的概念表征、终极目的及方法构成,充实了过程工业战略环境评价方法体系。最后,以我国富有的特色硼行业资源过程工业开发案例进行探讨性研究。以东北辽东硼铁矿开发过程为实际案例,进行行业战略环境评价的实证研究,从而为过程工业战略环境评价实践提供参考。另外,依据构建的硼铁矿行业工业生态园规划框架为模拟,将过程工业战略环境评价的方法体系应用到硼铁矿行业工业生态园的资源消耗及环境影响分析进程中(其中硼铁矿行业工业生态园涉及主导技术包括硼铁矿、硼酸、硼砂等制取利用过程的技术路径)。通过实证分析,检验过程工业战略环境评价的理论及方法体系,从而指导过程工业开发实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 Process industry involves many industries,for example chemical industry,metallurgical industry,energy industry,nuclear power industry as well as petroleum industry and so on,which has contained the majority heavy industries. These industries have something great in destroying resources,environment and ecosystem. With the emissions standard becoming increasingly strict,this kind of industry’s pollution treament duty becomes more and more heavy. The source of solving these problems lies in analyzing the envirommental effects of developing activities,puting environment into overall policy-making and realize the integration conception of the process industry(department)development strategic policy. Following this idea, this article chooses process industry strategic environmental assessment(PISEA) as its target,and the development strategy of boron resources,which is a kind of specialized chemical engineering resource(minerals),as the actual industry background,carrying out the corresponding theoretical research and the practice exploration. It’s goal is to provide the synthesis management of the industry(department) development with a kind of the technical support of the environmental management dimension,realizing the sustainable development way of process industry.Firstly,On the basis of totally analysis of the evolution advancement of the strategic environmental assessment and the present domestic and foreign situation of development and the tendency,we propose the feasibility and the practical significance of carrying out strategic environmental assessment in process industries. At the same time,analyze the special theoretical structure of stratic environmental evaluation of process industry. By the view of the technical philosophy,we comprehensively analyze some essential attributes of PISEA. for example,the subject and the object,the goal and the standard,the content and the methods and so on. In this sense,we propose some principles in carrying out PISEA.Summarizing the boron resources development leads to the resources and environment questions. Taking dissipative structure and industry ecology theory as the starting point,we comprehensively analyze the mechanism of the dissipative structure of process industrial exploitation system and it’s apparent attributes and propose the inevitability of ecological tendency of process industrial exploitation system. On this base,we systematically analyze the ecosystem characteristics as well as the strategy characteristics of process industrial exploitation;Meanwhile we research and study the occurrance mechanism of the strategical environmental effects of process industrial exploitation.Secondly,Based on dissipative structure and industry ecology theory,construct a methodological framework and technical architecture of PISEA. it is an excellent reference in promoting theory research and practice to our industry environmental impact assessment. The content frame of PISEA takes the entire process,the multi-level as the basic characteristics,namely including the present situation assessement, the review assessement and the retrospective assessement. It systematically summarizes the key techonology of PISEA,including the present environment situation assessement,the review assessment,the environmental impact assessment of the power flows of process industry exploitation strategy,the society-economy-culture system influence assessement,the environmental risk assessment,the alternative plan and the related policy-making support assessetment technology of process industry exploitation strategy and so on. It explains the concept attributes respectively,the ultimate goal and the method formation separately,making the environment assessment method system of the process industry strategy to be richer.At last,We research the case of our country’s boron resources. Taking the boron-iron mine development process in Liaodong of the northeast as the actual case,we have an empirical study about the profession strategy environment assessement,which provides the reference for the process industry strategy environment assessment practice.Moreover,the method system of the process industry strategy environment assessment is applied to the resources consumption of the industry ecology park of the boron industry and the process of the environmental impact analysis. On this foundation,we propose the the preliminary frame of the ecology park plan design of the boron industry(the boron industry ecology park involves many leading technology,which are the technical ways of the manufacture and application of boron-iron mine,the boric acid and the borate). By analying the real case,we examine the theories and the method system of PISEA to instruct the process industry exploitation practice.更多还原