【作者】 党挺；

【导师】 虞重干；

【作者基本信息】 上海体育学院 ， 体育人文社会学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 随着中国社会、经济的发展以及在世界的和平崛起,世界范围内的学者开始以前所未有的热情和专注投入到中国的研究之中,包括中国的历史、现在和未来。延安时期是中国共产党历史上扭转乾坤的“黄金时代”,可以说要研究中国就必须研究延安,不了解延安就无法认识中国现代的历史和新文化。作为“中国学”的一个分支,延安学在国内外已成为一门有影响的学科。但是,长期以来,在延安学的研究中,关于延安体育的研究却很少。本研究中的延安体育主要是指延安时期(1935年10月到1948年3月)的十三年间中国共产党领导下的以延安为中心以工农劳苦大众为主体的新式人民大众体育运动。延安时期的体育,作为当时新民主主义文化的一个重要组成部分,无论在过去、现在还是在将来,都有着不可替代的巨大价值。学习延安体育的宝贵经验和优良传统,为我国当前体育事业的发展提供借鉴,对于丰富体育文化研究成果,理解当代中国体育文化领域中的诸多现象,对于推动体育事业的改革和发展以及社会主义和谐社会的建设具有重要的指导意义、重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。本研究运用了文献资料法、专家访谈以及逻辑分析等方法,注重理论研究与实证研究相结合。将延安体育融于中国近代社会和延安时期的历史文化背景中,进行立体的、多层面的研究,全景式展现其历史面目,从更广阔的角度来探讨延安体育的产生及其开展,阐释其形成、发展、演变的社会原因、社会地位和影响,促使人们全面认识近代社会发展中的延安体育。研究总结了延安时期体育开展的原因与特征,指出延安体育开创了具有中国特色的体育道路,并在思想、组织、制度、人员等方面为新中国体育事业奠定了基础。提出中华体育精神与延安体育精神的一脉相承,强调延安体育精神的传承与发展。提倡在新时期重视延安体育精神的保护、传承与发展。论文由导论、正文、结论和附录等部分组成。正文共分六个部分。文章首先在界定延安体育概念的基础上,论述了延安体育产生的背景。延安时期的社会历史环境、新民主主义体育思想、苏区体育等分别为延安体育的产生提供了理论和实践基础。随后从延安时期的体育组织管理机构、体育思想、体育实践、体育场地与器材等四个方面论述了延安体育的开展状况。在此基础上分析了延安体育得以开展的原因:党中央的重视是延安体育得以开展的基本保证;发动群众办体育是延安体育开展的重要条件;青年运动为体育事业注入了活力;延安体育精神是延安体育战胜困难的强大武器。延安时期体育文化事业繁荣发展,广泛地与其它革命根据地、国统区及国外互相交流。以《新中华报》、《新华日报》、《解放日报》等为代表的体育报道内容丰富、形式多样,传播了中国共产党早期体育观,促进近代体育的传播与发展。延安体育的主要特征有:紧密围绕战争并且服务于战争;把增强人民体质放在第一位;具有广泛的群众性和坚持不懈的经常性;一切从实际出发,因地制宜、因陋就简;提倡良好的体育道德作风;不断开拓创新等。无庸置疑,在当时极端困难的条件下,延安体育也存在着局限性,不可能发展得非常完善。但是延安体育是与当时的社会发展水平相协调的,不能以现在的条件苛求,而应根据战争年代的具体情况而论。延安体育的历史贡献主要有:积极配合了革命战争,对中国革命作出一定贡献;体育与生产劳动相结合,促进了经济发展;丰富和活跃了根据地的文化生活;起着领导示范和辐射作用。延安体育的影响也是深远的:为新中国体育提供了可借鉴的宝贵实践,培养了德智体全面发展的人才,为我国体育留下了宝贵的精神财富。延安体育精是延安精神在体育事业中的集中体现,是延安体育蓬勃发展的精神原动力。在新全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化的征程上,不仅要在体育行业,还要在各行各业中发扬光大延安体育精神,使之成为推动我国各项事业发展的强大精神动力,进一步推动我国由体育大国向体育强国迈进。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with development of Chinese society, economy and peaceful rising in the world, scholars began to fling themselves into research of China with unprecedented zeal and concentration around the world, including the past, the present and the future of China. Yan’an Era is“golden age”of history of Communist Party of China. So to speak, study of China is bound to study of Yan’an, if not, we can’t understand Chinese modern history and new culture. As a branch of“China Studies”,“Yan’an Studies”has became an influencing study at home and abroad. But in long period, there is little study on sports in Yan’an Era. The research on Sport in Yan’an Era refer to new style sport taken place around Yan’an during thirteen years of Yan’an Era (from Oct.1935 to Mar.1948),under the leadership of Communist Party of China (CPC) , workers and peasants as main body. As an important part of New Democracy culture, Sport in Yan’an Era has great irreplaceable value in the past, at present and in the future. To learn its golden experience and tradition, take history as guidance will enrich sports culture research achievements, help to understand a good many contemporary phenomena, and have guiding significance, important practical significance and deep historical significance for promotion reformation and development of sports career and construction of harmonious society.Adopting methods such as literature, interviewing, logistic analysis, combining the method of theory and practice. The research put Sport in Yan’an era in the background of Chinese modern society, historical and cultural background, carry on extensive and multi-level study, in order to exhibit the essential of history, discuss the form and development from wider angles. Explaining social reasons and influence of its development evolvement so as to help people understand sport in modern society roundly. The research summarize cause and character of sport in Yan’an era, point out that sport in Yan’an era inaugurate Chinese Characteristics sport route, lay solid foundation for new China sport in the aspect of ideology, organization, system, personnel etc. Also put forward that Chinese sports spirit is rooted in Yan’an sports spirit, emphasize inheritance and development of Yan’an sports spirit in the new period.The research is constituted by introduction, text, conclusion and appendix. The text is divided into six parts.The research first make certain the concept of Yan’an sport, dissertate background of its origin social and historical environment, new democracy sports ideology , Soviet area sport provide theoretical and practical basis for Yan’an sport. Subsequently discuss development status from four parts organization, ideology, practice and substance. Cause of development of Yan’an sport: basic guarantee is that the Party Central Committee attach importance to sport; important condition is to mobilize the masses to participate in sport; youth movement inject new vitality to sport career. Yan’an sports spirit is powerful weapon to overcome difficulties. Yan’an sport culture flourish and communicate widely with other revolutionary base area and overseas. Newspaper such as Xinzhonghua Daily, Xinhua Daily, Jiefang Daily spread early sport ideology of CPC, accelerate transmission and development of modern sport.Main features of Yan’an sport: sport circumfuse and serve revolutionary war; put first to build up people’s health; extensive mass sport and persistently recurrent; proceed from actual conditions and circumstances of wartime, make use of the available conditions; advocate good sportsmanship; forge ahead in a pioneering spirit .It’s undeniable that under the past extreme difficult condition , Yan’an sport has many localizations, but it develop in harmony with social development level of the time, we should not judge too harshly with the present conditions.History contribution of Yan’an sport is: actively cooperated with revolutionary war make certain contributions for Chinese revolution; sport combined with labor, promote development of economy; enrich and activate cultural life of base area; has leading an demonstration role. Its influence is far-reaching: provide valuable practice for New China sport, foster all-round development personnel, eave precious spiritual wealth for Chinese sport. Yan’an sport spirit is embodiment of Yan’an spiritand as momentum of the prosperous development of Yan’an sport. In the journey of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and speeding up socialist modernization, we should carry forward Yan’an sports spirit both in sport career and every work of life, so as to make it as great spirit momentum to promote various causes and impel our nation to sport power still further.更多还原