【作者】 贾洪；

【导师】 欧国立；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 产业经济学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 我国建筑业过度竞争的经济特征,在一定时期内会对建筑业乃至国民经济产生负面影响,迫切需要认识产业过度竞争的形成机理和原因并制定建筑业产业政策。对建筑业市场结构的研究,能够为解决以上问题提供理论支撑和实际思路。论文从我国建筑业市场结构的现实状况出发,分析市场结构目前的特征和竞争形式,运用产业组织理论和企业理论解释市场结构形成的原因,并对市场结构与企业行为、市场绩效的关系进行分析和经济学验证,构建建筑业市场结构的优化路径。对市场结构的直接影响因素进行分析,应用市场结构的度量方法对市场结构进行测度,判断现实市场结构的基本特征和基本形态,即市场竞争的类型。在判断市场结构特征和形态的基础上,针对市场结构与市场绩效的关系问题,检验企业规模与集中度之间的关系、企业效率与市场绩效的关系,实现对“市场绩效—市场行为—市场结构”相互因果关系理论的验证,进而分析结构学派与效率学派的产业组织理论在我国建筑产业的适用性。针对市场结构的关键特征和形态,借鉴合理的市场结构的基本标准,提出我国建筑业市场结构优化的路径和措施。论文运用我国19家上市建筑企业的连续数据样本,采用DEA方法对我国建筑业的市场结构、效率与绩效的关系进行实证分析,验证了芝加哥效率主义学派理论能够更好地解释我国建筑业的绩效,而哈佛结构主义学派理论在解释我国建筑业绩效时成立的条件并不充分。论文得出的结论是:我国建筑企业的绩效主要是建立在企业效率的基础之上,而不是建立在由市场势力产生共谋的基础之上。论文提出我国建筑业市场结构的核心是规模与效率关系。市场结构的核心问题是规模与效率的协调问题,结构优化的理论支撑是著名的“马歇尔冲突”、哈佛学派的企业规模和产品异质化理论以及芝加哥学派的企业效率异质化理论。优化政策作用的实现路径是通过对市场结构特征的影响,优化市场结构的基本形态。优化政策作用的机理是:通过影响企业规模,实现市场结构的合理化;通过影响企业效率,实现市场结构的高度化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The economic characteristics of excessive competition in China’s construction industry will have a negative impact on the industry and even the overall national economy. Therefore, it is urgent for us to understand the causes and mechanism underlying the excessive competition, and then to develop proper public policies to deal with it. Research on the market structure of construction industry will be able to provide theoretical support and practical ideas to solve the above problems.Based on the current situation of China’s construction industry, this thesis analyzes the features of the market structure and the competition landscape. It then explains the reasons which has decided the market structure using industrial organization theory and business theory. It explores and tests the relationship among market structure, market conduct and market performance. At the last part, it proposes a path to optimize the market structure of the construction market.This thesis analyzes the factors directly affecting the market structure, measures the market structure by applying relevant market structure measurement method, identifies the basic characteristics of the market structure of China’s construction industry and decides the nature of the market competition. Based on the identification of the structure of market and the nature of competition, this thesis tests the relationship between enterprise scale and degree of concentration, the relationship between business efficiency and market performance, verifies the mutual causation of "Market Structure-Market Conductr-Market Performance", and then discusses the applicability of the "structure school" and "efficiency" school in analyzing China’s construction industry. Based on the understanding of the key features of market structure and competition landscape and with reference to the basic standards of efficient market structure, it then proposes optimization pathls and measures for improving China’s construction market structure.As to positive analysis, this thesis uses a data sample of 19 listed companies in China to test the relationship among the structure, efficiency and performance in China’s construction industry. Using the DEA methods, this study confirms that the Chicago School, i.e., the "efficiency school", can better explain the performance of China’s construction industry, while the Harvard School, i.e., the "structure school" is not justified. The result shows that the performance of China’s construction industry is mainly decided by the business efficiency of firms, rather than the market power of a few companies through market collusion.It further proposes in this thesis that the core of the market structure is the firm scale and company efficiency in China’s construction industry. The core issue of market structure is how to coordinate the scale and efficiency, and the idea of structural optimization is supported by theories of the famous "Marshall conflict", the theory of firm scale and product heterogeneity of the Harvard School, and the theory of heterogeneous enterprise efficiency of the Chicago School. The implementation strategy of the policy of market optimization is to influence the structural characteristics, thereby to optimize the basic form of market structure. The way that the optimization policy works is that, first, by influencing firm scales, it helps to rationalize the market structure; and second, by affecting enterprise efficiency it helps to upgrade the market structure.更多还原