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吴茱萸—当归药对配伍及谱效关系研究

【作者】 訾慧

【导师】 张振秋;

【作者基本信息】 辽宁中医药大学 , 生药学, 2009, 博士

【摘要】 本课题以温经汤核心药对吴茱萸一当归药对为切入点,在确认其具有镇痛作用及抑制大鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩的基础上,采用药效学与药学相结合的方法,考察吴茱萸一当归药对的提取方法及配伍比例;采用正交设计法考察了吴茱萸一当归药对的最佳制备工艺;采用薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法建立了吴茱萸一当归药对提取物的质量控制标准,并建立了吴茱萸一当归药对提取物的高效液相色谱指纹图谱;采用药效学实验考察了吴茱萸一当归药对提取物抑制大鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩的药理效应及对小鼠生殖内分泌系统的调节作用;采用相关分析和多元回归法分析吴茱萸-当归药对提取物的谱效关系,探查其药理作用的物质基础。目的:从药学和药效学方面综合研究吴茱萸-当归药对的配伍机制及谱效关系。材料与方法:材料:仪器:AR2140电子分析天平;AS3120A超声提取器;U3010型紫外可见分光光度仪:美国Agilent1100型液相色谱系统、METTLER AB135—S十万分之一天平;BL-420S+型生物机能实验系统,南京美易科技有限公司;肌肉张力换能器(JZ101型,5 g),北京新航兴业科贸有限公司。试药:吴茱萸为芸香科植物吴茱萸Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss)Benth的干燥近成熟果实;当归为伞形科植物当归Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels的干燥根。均购于河北安国;吴茱萸次碱对照品(中国药品生物制品检定所,批号110801-200304):吴茱萸碱(中国药品生物制品检定所提供,批号110802-200504);阿魏酸(中国药品生物制品检定所提供,批号0773-9607);己烯雌酚注射液(广州明兴制药厂,批号:920523-21);缩宫素(催产素)注射液(10 IU,1 mL,批号070912),上海第一生化药业有限公司;PGF2a酶联免疫分析试剂盒(武汉中美科技有限公司);雌二醇酶联免疫分析试剂盒(武汉中美科技有限公司)。妇科调经颗粒(罗裳山制药厂,批号20080901);乌鸡白凤丸(北京同仁堂股份有限公司同仁堂制药厂,批号:6035128)。乙腈为色谱纯,水为重蒸馏水;其它试剂均为分析纯。洛氏液(mmol·L-1):NaCl 154,KCl 5.63,CaCl2:2.55,NaHCO3 1.79,葡萄糖5.55。动物:昆明小鼠,体重18-22g,雌性,大连医科大学实验动物中心提供,许可证号:SCXK(辽)2004-0017。SD大鼠,240~280g,雌性,6~7周龄,购自辽宁中医药大学实验动物室。方法:以药学和药效学相结合,筛选吴茱萸-当归药对的提取方法和配伍比例。药学方面,采用紫外可见分光光度法、高效液相色谱法以总碱含量、吴茱萸中吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱含量、当归中阿魏酸含量为指标性成分,分别测定不同提取方法样品(水提合煎、醇提合煎、醇提分煎)、9个不同配伍比例样品中的含量;药效学方面,采用热板法镇痛实验、痛经模型扭体法镇痛实验,分别对吴茱萸.当归药对不同提取方法(水提合煎、醇提合煎、醇提分煎合并)、9个不同配伍比例样品进行药效学考察。综合分析药学及药效学实验结果,分别筛选出吴茱萸-当归药对的最佳提取方法和最佳配伍比例。采用L9(34)正交设计法,筛选出吴茱萸-当归药对的最佳提取工艺。并利用高效液相色谱法、薄层色谱法等对吴茱萸-当归药对提取物进行质量标准研究。采用高效液相色谱法,以相对保留时间标定共有峰,根据吴茱萸-当归药对提取物HPLC指纹图谱给出的相关参数,比较供试品图谱,从中挑选出较特征的共有峰,建立吴茱萸-当归药对提取物的高效液相色谱指纹图谱。采用离体大鼠子宫实验法,研究吴茱萸-当归药对提取物对正常大鼠、痛经模型大鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩的作用;以小鼠生殖内分泌系统调节实验,采用酶联免疫法研究吴茱萸-当归药对提取物对大鼠雌性激素雌二醇及前列腺素PGF2a水平的影响,探讨吴茱萸-当归药对提取物治疗痛经可能的作用机制。以吴茱萸-当归药对不同配伍比例指纹图谱与其对痛经模型大鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩的抑制作用进行谱效关系研究,探索其药理效应可能的物质基础。结果:1.采用高效液相色谱法、紫外可见分光光度法分别测定总生物碱、吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱和阿魏酸的含量,同时以热板法镇痛实验、痛经模型扭体法镇痛实验筛选出了吴茱萸-当归药对的最佳提取方法及最佳配伍比例,即吴茱萸-当归最佳提取方法为醇提合煎,最佳配伍比例为6:4。通过正交实验法,以出膏率、总生物碱、吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱和阿魏酸为含量测定指标,确定了吴茱萸.当归药对提取物的最佳提取工艺,即70%乙醇,8倍量,回流提取2次,每次提取2h。2.采用薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法,建立了吴茱萸-当归药对提取物的质量控制标准,并建立了吴茱萸-当归药对提取物的高效液相色谱指纹图谱。通过测定3批样品,暂定本品每克含吴茱萸以吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱计,分别不得少于2.0mg·g-1、2.0mg·g-1,每克含当归以阿魏酸计,不得少于0.90mg·g-1。通过10批供试品HPLC指纹图谱给出的相关参数,标定出17个共有峰。指纹峰归属研究表明,其中1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、13、14、15号峰为吴茱萸单味药材的特征峰,11、16、17号峰为当归单味药材的特征峰,而12号峰此两味药材中均有。通过对不同配伍比例药对提取物进行高效液相指纹图谱的绘制,选择两药味中具有代表性的两个指标性成分,用它们的峰高比值来确定配伍比例,为其质量的稳定提供依据。3.以大鼠离体子宫平滑肌的抑制作用及小鼠生殖内分泌系统的调节作用进行药效学研究,结果吴茱萸-当归药对提取物中剂量和高剂量能明显抑制子宫收缩频率、收缩幅度及子宫活动力;浓度依赖性地抑制缩宫素诱发的子宫兴奋作用,使子宫收缩频率、收缩幅度、子宫活力均显著降低;中剂量和高剂量能明显降低小鼠血清E2水平,主要表现为降低动情期小鼠血清E2水平;中剂量和高剂量对痛经模型小鼠子宫PGF2a水平呈剂量依赖性下降,提示降低子宫PGF2a水平可能是其治疗痛经的作用机理之一。4.以该药对不同比例提取物的高效液相色谱指纹图谱与其抑制离体大鼠子宫平滑肌收缩的药效学指标,进行谱效相关性研究及多元回归分析。经双变量相关分析发现,对子宫平滑肌抑制作用与3、4、7、11、14、15、16号峰相关性较好(p<0.05);强迫引入进行回归分析表明,3、4、6、12、13、14、16、17号峰被引入(p<0.05);逐步回归分析表明,6、7、10、13、14号峰对子宫平滑肌抑制率的影响较大(p<0.05),并进入回归方程。综合相关分析和多元回归分析结果,推断吴茱萸-当归药对指纹图谱3、4、7、10、11、13、14、15和16号峰表征的成分为该药对作用于大鼠子宫平滑肌的关联成分。结论:1.以药学和药效学指标相结合,筛选出吴茱萸-当归药对的最佳提取方法及最佳配伍比例,即吴茱萸.当归药对醇提合煎,配伍比例为6:4。确定了吴茱萸-当归药对的最佳提取工艺,即70%乙醇,8倍量,回流提取2次,每次2h。2.采用薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法,建立了吴茱萸-当归药对提取物的质量控制标准。暂定本品每克含吴茱萸以吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱计,分别不得少于2.0mg·g-1、2.0mg·g-1;每克含当归以阿魏酸计,不得少于0.90mg·g-1。采用高效液相色谱法,以相对保留时间标定出17个较特征的共有峰。通过测定吴茱萸、当归药对9个不同配伍比例的HPLC指纹图谱,以吴茱萸次碱和阿魏酸二者的峰高比为指标,对各不同配伍比例进行区分,方法的稳定性、重复性均较好,可以作为吴茱萸-当归药对配伍比例的定性依据。3.吴茱萸-当归药对提取物中剂量和高剂量能明显抑制离体大鼠子宫收缩频率、收缩幅度及子宫活动力;浓度依赖性地抑制缩宫素诱发的子宫兴奋作用,使子宫收缩频率、收缩幅度、子宫活力均显著降低。吴茱萸-当归药对提取物能调节小鼠体内性激素和促性腺激素水平,可能对雌激素水平升高所致的痛经具有治疗作用。4.综合谱效相关性研究及多元回归分析,推断吴茱萸-当归药对指纹图谱3、4、7、10、11、13、14、15和16号峰表征的成分为该药对作用于大鼠子宫平滑肌的关联成分。10、11、13、16号峰与子宫平滑肌抑制率呈良好的正相关(p<0.05),表明其所表征的化学成分为该药对松驰子宫平滑肌作用的有效成分。3、4、7、14、15号峰各点峰高与子宫平滑肌抑制率的变化呈负相关,表明其作用为兴奋子宫平滑肌。

【Abstract】 In this research,The Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss) Benth-Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair of the Wen-Jing Decoction will be studied on the basis of their effectiveness of demulcent and their effective ingredients.On the basic of determination the effective fraction of the decoction of Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss) Benth-Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair,the serum pharmacology and pharmacochemistry methods were used,and the demulcent effect and the fingerprint chromatogram was be researched.The relation of the effect and the chromatogram was analyzed to explore the demulcent material foundation of the herbal pair.Purpose:Tracing of the theory of compatibility and profile-effect of Evodia rutae-carpa (Juss) Benth- Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair by the pharmacy and the pharmacodynamics.Material and method:Material:Evodia rutaecarpa(Juss) Benth and Angelica Sinensis(Oliv.) Diels were purchased from Hebei Anguo;AR2140 electronic analytical balance;AS3120A ultrasonic extractor; U3010-type UV-Vis Spectrophotometer;Agilent1100 United States-based liquid chromatography system,METTLER AB135-S balance 1/100000;liquid chromatography with acetonitrile to pure water for the re-distilled water;all other reagents is analysis pure.Method:In the pharmaceutical aspects,to determine the content of alkaloids、evodiamine and rutacarpine、ferulic acid of the three different preparation sample by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC;and to determine the content of the same target of the different matching proportion.In the Pharmacodynamic aspects,to study the analgesic effects of the same sample by writhing test and the hot plate test in mice.So,we screen out the best distill method is alcohol merge and the best matching proportion is 6:4.Orthogonal design was applied to optimize the extract condition.Orthogonal table L9(34) in the experiment of extracting was chosen.The influence factors of extraction times,extraction hours,ethanol concentration,solvent multiple were selected by orthogonal test with Alkaloids、Evodiamine、and Ferulic acid as the compositive index.The compositive index above was determined in different preparation samples.The quality standards and fingerprint chromatogram were established by TLC and HPLC.The HPLC fingerprints were obtained from Agilent Eclipse instrument.The HPLC separation was performed on a C18 analytical column gradient eluted with acetonitrile-0.1%H3PO4.The temperature of column was 25℃.The UV detection wavelength was 287 nm.By Isolated rat uterus experiment,we observe the activities effects of the extraction on the isolated rat uterus;By rat reproductive endocrine system regulation experiments,we study the influence about the E2 and PGF on rat of the extraction with Elisa. Studying on the correlation of the Analgesic effect and the fingerprint chromatogram.To establish the fingerprint of Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss) Benth- Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair by HPLC.The chromatographic condition was same to the former.Correlating analysis was made to discern the interrelationship between each peak and the Pharmacodynamic data of the analgesic effect o in different proportion.Results:1.By UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC,and the analgesic effects,we get the best distill method and the best matching proportion.It is ethanol combined extract and 6:4 matching proportion.2.By Orthogonal design with Alkaloids、Evodiamine、and Ferulic acid as the compositive index,was get the optimize the extract condition.It is 70%ethanol(8 times),extraction times(2 times),extraction hours(2h)3.The quality standards was established by TLC and HPLC.The fingerprint chromatogram were established by HPLC.Three batch samples shows that The minimum content of asafetida is 0.983mg·g-1,evodiamine and rutacarpine separately is 2.350mg·g-1、2.101mg·g-1.Tentative,the content of asafetida of this product is higher than 0.90mg·g-1; evodiamine and rutacarpine separately is higher than 2.0mg·g-1、2.0mg·g-1.4.The extract had effects on the contraction of normal isolated uteruses.The uteruses could be distinctly inhibited by medium and high concentration of the extract.The excitement induced by oxytocin could be concentration-dependently inhibited by the extract.It could remarkably inhibit contraction frequency,amplitude and activity of uterine smooth muscle induced by oxytocin.5.In bivariate correlating analysis,the Inhibition rate was found having good interrelationship with the peak3、4、7、11、14、15、16(p<0.05),In enter regression analysis,the peak 3、4、6、12、13、14、16、17 were entered(p<0.05).In stepwise regression analysis,the peak 6、7、10、13、14 were entered(p<0.05).Conclusion:1.By Orthogonal design,we get the optimum extraction technology of Evodia rutae-carpa (Juss) Benth- Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair.The optimum extraction process is reliable and the extraction ratio of active components is high.2.By TLC and HPLC,we establish the quality standards of Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss) Benth-Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair.The method is simple and accurate,it can be used in the quality control.3.The fingerprint chromatogram of Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss) Benth- Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair were set up.4.The extact of Evodia rutae-carpa(Juss) Benth- Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Diels herbal pair can relax uterine smooth muscle of virginal rats.5.By bivariate correlating analysis and regression analysis,we inferred that the 3、4、7、10、11、13、14、15 and 16 peak have good interrelationship with the inhibition rate of rat uterine smooth muscle.

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