【作者】 孟勇军；

【导师】 张肖宁；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 交通流量日益增长、车速不断提升、车辆日益大型化、重载超载的比例不断增加以及交通渠化,对高等级公路主要路面形式——沥青路面提出了更高的要求,如安全、舒适、耐久等,这就需要提高沥青的路用性能。而我国大部分原油属于石蜡基原油,含蜡量比较高,芳香度比较低,沥青质比较低,国产基质沥青已经不能满足沥青路面的建设要求,所以促成了在沥青或沥青混合料中添加各种添加剂对沥青或沥青混合料进行改性研究的发展。对于目前越来越广泛使用的沥青路面,如何加强和改善沥青路面的使用品质,延长路面的使用寿命和提高投资效益是各国道路工作者所面临的重要课题。本文首先对动态剪切流变仪的试验平行板进行了分析,借助于动态频率扫描试验,研究了温度对于不同平行板进行试验时所得结果的影响,采用不同的平行板在一定的温度范围内对沥青试样进行试验,对频率模量主曲线进行拟合并通过WLF公式来计算沥青的基准温度值,从而确定在不同温度条件下动态剪切流变仪不同尺寸平行板的选择,为进一步的试验研究做准备。然后在实验室采用具有不同嵌段比S/B值的聚合物改性剂制备了特种SBS改性沥青。通过对特种聚合物改性沥青进行试验研究,分析了改性沥青中S链段和B链段各自的作用,由此得出建议,低速行车区采用低S/B制备的SBS改性沥青有更好的路用性能,高速行车区采用高S/B制备的SBS改性沥青显示出更优越的性能。对不同嵌段比S/B的SBS改性剂制备的改性沥青的复数模量、相位角和粘度进行了研究。基于实验室制备的不同嵌段比S/B的改性沥青的特点,在实际生产中制备出了具有高、低嵌段比S/B的特种聚合物改性沥青即高模量、高弹性改性沥青,并已申请专利。通过CAM模型对不同的SBS改性沥青进行拟合,获得的流变参数对改性剂改善基质沥青感温性进行了研究,分析不同嵌段比S/B对改性沥青流变性能的变化影响。从流变学的角度出发,通过不同加载模式下得到的ZSV,阐述了不同流变模型拟合的相关性以及对不同类型沥青的适用范围,结合不同嵌段比S/B的改性沥青在不同加载模式下拟合的零剪切粘度进行了评价。基于对Burgers流变模型的研究,分析了基于重复蠕变试验拟合的Gv指标在评价沥青高温性能的合理性和缺陷所在,并通过对Burgers流变模型的改进,在Gv指标的基础上提出了Gv(t)指标用以评价沥青性能。改进了流变模型对于沥青胶结料应力应变响应的本构关系的描述,提出了包含延迟弹性在内的新指标来评价改性沥青。采用累计耗散能量比对改性沥青的疲劳性能进行了对比,评价了不同嵌段比S/B对改性沥青疲劳性能的影响。从工程实际应用的角度考虑,提出了针对特种SBS改性沥青的工程指标,以便于在实际应用中能够简易地检测出其性能特点。最后在工程实际中采用具有不同嵌段比S/B的高模量、高弹性改性沥青应用于不同场合,与常用的普通SBS改性沥青进行对比,实践验证了其在工程实际中的应用效果。通过室内试验和试验段的跟踪检测,将三种改性沥青进行了实际工程效果的对比,说明在不同类型的沥青路面上有针对性地选用具有不同嵌段比S/B的SBS改性沥青具有很好的效果。本论文从对不同S/B的SBS改性剂研究出发,基于试验基础和工程检验来进一步评价改性效果,为实际生产选择提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rise on the highway of traffic, the raising of vehicle speed, the growth of wheel load, the increase of overloading and channelized traffic, a higher demand is presented for asphalt pavement just as safety, comfortable, durability and so on, and these demands must rely on pavement performance of asphalt. Most kinds of crude oil are waxy, with high wax content, low aromatic rates content and low Asphaltene content, and base asphalt made in our country can’t meet asphalt pavement construction demands, so additives for asphalt and asphalt mixture get more and more research to improve those performance. It is an important task for road researcher to enhance asphalt pavement performance, extend pavement life and increase investment benefit.This paper researches the influence of experiment data with temperature for different parallel plates through dynamic frequency sweep testing by dynamic shear rheometer. This experiment is made in the definite temperature scope and different parallel plates. Choosing parallel plates criteria is confirmed by fitting frequency modulus master curve and calculate benchmark temperature values through WLF equaliton.On the basis of choosing criteria for instrument parallel plates, this paper adopts SBS polymer modifiers of different block proportion S/B values to prepare special kind SBS modified asphalts, and then analyses functions of S segment and B segment in SBS modified asphalt and draws these conclusions. Low speed area can get better pavement performance through SBS modified asphalt made by low S/B value and high speed area can get it by high S/B value. Research the influence of complex modulus, phase angles and viscous ity of modified asphalt by different block proportion S/B values.According to making modified asphalt in laboratory, SBS modified asphalts of high and low block proportion S/B are made in works namely high modulus modified asphalt and high elastic modified asphalt, and they both are apply patents. And then rheometer parameters getting by fitting SBS modified asphalt based on CAM model analysis the effect of modifiers for base asphalt temperature susceptibility by different block proportion S/B. Obtaining ZSV under different loading modes with rheology explains relativity of fitting values by different rheology models, and evaluates Zero Shear Value for modified asphalt.Analyses Burgers rheology model and research rationality and limitation of Gv value fitting based on repeated creep test, and then bring forward Gv(t) value to appraise asphalt’s performance by improving Burgers rheology model. Gv(t) value as a new index includes delay elastic and it can describe relationship of stress and strain roundly for modified asphalt. Adopting cumulative dissipated energy ratio appraise fatigue behavior of modified asphalt by different block proportion S/B. Considering engineering practical application, engineering indexes are put forward to check modified asphalt’s performance behavior easily.Comparing practical engineering applying effects with high modulus modified asphalt, high elastic modified asphalt and common SBS modified asphalt. These includes indoor experiment and test road pavement, and it proves that choosing SBS modified asphalts of different S/B values for different kinds asphalt pavement can get better effece.This paper researches SBS modifiers of different S/B values, and appraises modified effect based on indoor experiment and engineering verify, and provides criteria for practical application.更多还原