【作者】 马士宾；

【导师】 王选仓；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 路面养护管理的目标在于通过科学的养护技术手段，保持和提高路面的使用品质。即要求在科学管理方法的指导下，能够对需要养护维修的路面，在最合适的时候采取最恰当的措施。要做到科学的规划和决策，必须开展先进管理方法和理论的研究。以可靠性为中心的沥青路面维修技术是以保证路面的可靠性为基本目标，在对路面的病害进行合理的分类和汇总的基础上，以科学的分析方法找出各类病害的最佳维修对策。该养护技术在保证路面结构可靠性的同时，提高维修决策的有效性和经济性，是一种先进的维修管理方法。以可靠性为中心的维修技术的应用，不仅能改善我国目前路面养护管理的状况，提高路面养护工作的效率，而且为路面管理的大系统(包括路面的设计、施工、使用、维修及相关的法规制定)的良性循环运行提供框架，是路面养护管理持续完善的基础。本文主要内容共分六部分：(1)首先在论述RCM维修理论的前提下，对以可靠性为中心的沥青路面维修技术思路进行阐述。(2)通过对国内现有部分代表性道路的交通量、路面结构厚度、抗压回弹模量、弯沉等路面结构设计参数的统计分析，研究参数的概率分布特征；利用有限元中的可靠性分析工具，将路面设计参数视为输入随机变量，将路表弯沉、各层层底拉应力和极限状态函数作为输出变量，对典型沥青路面结构进行可靠性分析。(3)从既有沥青路面结构可靠性状态分析的角度出发，提出在利用先进的无损检测技术的基础上，对既有沥青路面结构状态参数进行检测；然后采用有限元软件，计算不同路面结构状态下路面结构可靠度，分析交通参数、路面结构参数对可靠度的影响；最后应用灰色系统理论对既有路面结构可靠性状态的预测。(4)依托现有路面状况调查测定的大量数据，采用可靠性数学的理论和数理统计的方法，运用Mintab程序，对高速公路沥青混凝土路面使用性能各参数的概率分布模型、变异水平进行全面地研究分析；利用集对分析、模糊风险理论对路面性能使用状况进行评价。(5)从沥青路面使用性能指标出发，应用可拓学中的物元综合方法，建立路面使用性能多指标综合预测模型。通过计算路面性能指标与使用性能的关联度，获得定量的数值评判结果，来判断未来路面使用性能的类别；结合沥青路面维修的特点，详细介绍沥青路面取消项目、增加项目显性及隐性经济效益评估方法。最后利用多目标规划法建立求养护维修最佳维修周期的模型，并利用实例进行验证。(6)通过对旧沥青路面水泥混凝土加铺层的力学分析，研究行车荷载、温度及两者耦合作用下加铺层设计参数对加铺层应力的影响规律；对水泥加铺层可靠度随累计当量轴次的变化规律进行计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 The management objective of road maintenance is to maintain and improve the quality of the road using with the scientific method of road maintenance. It means that take the most appropriate measures to the road entities in the most appropriate time under the guidance of scientific management methods. In order to make scientific planning and decision-making, the research of advanced management methods and theory must be developed. Reliability-centered Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Technology is an advanced maintenance management method. Its basic objective is to ensure the reliability of road maintenance. Category and summary the diseases reasonably, identify the best maintenance measure to do with various diseases under the scientific analysis. This method can not only ensure the reliability of the road structure, also can enhance the effectiveness the efficiency. The applications of reliability-centered maintenance technology can not only improve China’s current situation of road maintenance management and improve the efficiency of road maintenance work, but also can provide the virtuous cycle of operation a framework for road management systems (including road design, construction, use, repair and related Formulate laws and regulations), and develop a continued and sound road maintenance management basis.In this paper, the content is divided into six parts: (1) Firstly, expounding the basic knowledge of the maintenance, analyzing the main content of the reliability-centered maintenance theory and establishing the content of the reliability-centered Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Technology.(2) Study the probability distribution through statistically analyzing the traffic flow, the road structure thickness, compressive rebound modulus, deflection and other road structural design parameters; and then use the Reliability analysis tools which regard the various factors as the random variables of the importation, regard the road will form deflection, the layers stress and limit state function as a variable output to make the reliability analysis of the typical asphalt pavement structure.(3)From the existing asphalt pavement reliability of the analysis of the state point of view, use the current advanced NDT technology to test the existing asphalt pavement reliability parameters, and then use load stress level, contacts between the states and other factors to calculate the impact of structural reliability, finally use the theory of grey system to forecast the existing road structure of the state.(4) Base on the large amounts of data of the existing road conditions, the basic theory of the reliability and use the method of mathematical statistics and Mintab procedures to make a comprehensive research and analysis including the highway parameters’ probability distribution model of asphalt concrete pavement and the level of variation, and then evaluate road conditions with collection analysis and the theory of fuzzy risk .(5) From the performance indicators of using the asphalt pavement point of view, established comprehensive forecast model of the pavement performance indicators using the element comprehensive method of the extension theory , access to quantitative evaluation of the numerical results by calculating its affiliates to determine the type of pavement performance in the future, and then tell the details of asphalt pavement cancelled projects, assessment methods of increasing projects economic dominant and recessive combining the characteristics of asphalt pavement maintenance. Finally, establish a model to calculate the best maintenance cycle with the method of multi-objective planning, and use examples to verify. (6) Through the mechanical analysis of old asphalt pavement concrete overlay, research the influence rule about traffic load, temperature and the two factors working together; On the based of the analysis of traffic load parameters’ variability , calculate the changes rule of cement overlay reliability with a total equivalent of the axis.更多还原