【作者】 马艳芬；

【导师】 曲铁华；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2009， 博士

【副题名】个人教育选择视域

【摘要】 在受教育者利益被忽略的教育背景下,张扬个人利益具有实践价值;在习惯于从社会需要、集体利益视角发展教育理论的研究取向下,个人主义的视角是一种有益补充。个人教育选择是主体意愿的行动表达,是个人内在利益的外在表现。为了寻求个人欲求表达的有效途径,也为了如实展现受教育个体的教育诉求,本研究从个人需求入手,以教育选择为手段,尝试用制度的分析寻求教师教育发展困境的解决,并试图为困境的摆脱寻求研究视角上的突破。本研究通过人力资本理论的引入为人们的教育活动赋予了经济属性和特征,也使得个人教育意愿的表达与教育选择行为紧密相关。人力资本理论改变了人们对教育活动消费属性的认知,使得教育投资属性深入人心。教育选择作为一种伴随个体教育活动始终的行为,成为人们对于教育投入与收益关系理性的计算结果,选择行为本身就表达了教育对于个体需求的实现状态。依据此思路,本研究从个体教育选择的视角展开对教师教育发展状况的分析,并对于教师教育发展困境的成因和解决思路进行了探究。第一章从研究的奠基性工作入手,对于与本研究相关的基本概念与理论进行了阐释与解读,并在此基础上形成了本研究的方向定位。第二章是研究思路的构建,提出了人力资本视域下个人教育选择的内在逻辑——效益优化。通过人力资本理论的介入,对教育及教育选择进行了全新的诠释与解读。教育不仅是一种消费行为和服务,它还具备了经济价值和生产功能,对于个体而言,是其知识、技能、身体素养等提升的途径,并能通过货币收入的提升转换为经济收益。教育选择是一种寻求效益优化的理性抉择。效益优化作为教育选择的内在需求,它决定了教育选择的多样性、教育选择的实现路径,同时也规约了教育选择的评判方式。最终制度成为实现效益优化的有效机制。第三章是对教师教育发展困境的描述及个体教师教育选择效益的探寻。研究首先通过现状的描述对于当前个体教师教育选择意愿的状况进行呈现,并认为人们对于教师教育的选择意愿孱弱。接着又通过教师教育选择的投入与产出项目的分析,得出教师教育选择的效益具有局限性,这不仅为教师教育选择意愿的孱弱进行了合理的解释,也为研究的进一步开展指明了方向。第四章对于教师教育选择效益低下的成因进行了探寻与挖掘。追根溯源,教育制度的不良状态是造成教育选择效益低下的主要根源。研究主要从教育制度的变迁、教育制度的缺失、教育制度的低效三个维度对教育制度进行了分析与探求,并认为师范教育收费制度和高等教育投资制度的变迁、教师继续教育保障制度和激励机制的缺失、教师资格制度和教师继续教育经费制度的低效等众多因素综合作用,造成了教师教育选择效益的低下,进而呈现教师教育选择意愿的缺失。第五章是对教师教育发展困境的尝试性解困。困境的解决以提升教师教育个体选择效益为主旨。首先明确了实现教师教育个体选择的变革逻辑,核心是确保个体选择的效益和权利,主要通过利益满足、需求尊重、物质供给和制度创新得以实现。最后,基于教育制度背后隐匿的悬而未决的三组关系的明确,对教育制度的改进进行尝试性探索,明确政府为主的教师教育投入机制、实现个体与社会目标兼容的激励制度,以及确立适度倾斜的教师教育制度,是增进个人选择的制度构建的主要内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 Emphasizing on the benefits of individual is of practical value when the benefits of the educated people are neglected. When people get accustomed to engaging in the development of educational theory from the perspective of society and collectivity, the point of individualism is an useful complement. The personal selection of education is the expression of one’s action and the internal benefits. We not only want to figure out the effective way to the expression of the individual request but also to truly demonstrate the demands of one’s education. The study starts from the individual demand, seeking the difficulties on teachers’education on the basis of the analysis on the system. The aim is trying to search for a breakthrough on how to deal with this kind of problems by means of choosing different education.In this study the author endows education activities with the economic characters by introducing the theory of human capital so as to combine the expression of one’s education demands and the selection of education activities together. The theory of human capital has changed people’s cognition on the consuming properties of the education activities which made the properties of education investment has penetrated into public feeling. Education selection, as an action that went with human’s education activities all along, has resulted from the rational calculation on the relationship between devotion and the earning. The selection demonstrates the state of realization on the individual needs of education. Based on this idea the study analyzed the condition of teachers’education from the perspective of the individual selection of education, investigating into the causes of development difficulties and the solutions.The first chapter started with the basic works of the research concerning with the related basic concepts and theories, forming the orientation of the study.The second chapter focused on the construction of the idea, proposing human’s internal logic towards personal selection from the perspective of human capital, which is optimizing efficiency. In this part the author brought a bran-new explanation for education and education selection by introducing the theory of human capital. Education, not only is a kind of consuming behavior and service, but also has economic values and production functions. It is an approach to improve the levels of knowledge, skill and physical condition for individuals as well as to be converted to economic benefits by enhancing the income. Education selection is a rational one which tends to achieve efficiency optimization. The efficiency optimization, which is the internal demand for educational selection, determines the diversities of educational selection and the methodology for realizing it. It also set rules for the judgment of the educational selection at the meantime, and the system has become an effective mechanism for optimizing the efficiency as a result.Chapter three is concerning the description of the difficulties on the development of teachers’education as well as the exploring for the benefits of teachers’education. First of all, the study described the current condition of the individual educational selection. The author believed that the teachers’educational selection is of weak awareness. Then the author draw a conclusion that the benefits of the selection on the teachers’education had its limitation by analyzing the devotion and the outputting to teachers’education, which not only gave a reasonable explanation for the weak awareness of the teachers’educational selection but also pointed out the direction for the further study.Chapter four tends to explore the reason for the low efficiency of teachers’educational selection. The author held the point that the low efficiency of teachers’educational selection could trace its root to the bad condition of the education system. The study carried the investigation on the analysis and the exploring on the education system in terms of the changes, disadvantages and low efficiency. The author found out many factors resulted in the low efficiency and the weak awareness of the teachers’educational selection, which are: 1. The changes of normal education fees system and higher education invest system. 2. The weakness of the security for further education and encouragement system. 3. The low efficiency on the teachers’certification system and the funds for further education.In chapter five the author attempts to find the solution to the difficulties within the development of teachers’education. The aim of the solution is enhancing the effectiveness of the individual selection of teachers’education. At first it clarified the logic of how to realize the individual selection of teachers’education. The aim, that try to ensure the benefits and the rights of the individual selection was realized by means of meeting the benefit, respecting the demands, offering the enough materials and innovating the system. Finally, the author believed that based on clarification of the three pendent relations that hide behind the education system the main content of promoting the system of the individual selection is as following : attempting to figure out the ways that how to perfect the education system, clarifying the government-based policy on the investment of the teachers’education, realizing the encouragement system that try to make the individual and social goals compatible as well as establishing an appropriate incentive system for teachers’education system.更多还原