【作者】 马红梅；

【导师】 金彦平；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 农林经济管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 我国社会经济发展地域差异明显,地域、历史和文化传统的不同,必然也会给各个地区的农村劳动力的转移打上独特的烙印。贵州省地处典型的喀斯特山区,属多民族的省份,也是全国著名的集中连片贫困区之一,无论从深度还是广度看,这里的贫困状况都是十分引人注目的。从社会资本的角度研究农村劳动力转移问题,突破了既有研究以经济人作为作为逻辑起点的研究范式,引入社会人假设,可以更准确地揭示中国农村劳动力转移的内在机理,对丰富二元结构条件下的就业理论具有重要的补充意义。但是长期以来,学术界对该地区的农村劳动力研究较少,从社会资本角度开展的实证研究更为鲜见。因此本文以社会资本视角对贵州劳动力转移进行研究。本文在对社会资本理论进行深入研究的基础上,对农村的社会资本概念、层次及特征进行阐述,并建立了农村社会资本分析理论框架,分个体和团体层面对社会资本进行理论和实证分析。文中综合运用了经济学、社会学和政治学等学科有关社会资本的研究成果,以及信息经济学、社会关系网络理论、蚁群理论的相关理论,对地处我国贫困地区的贵州省农村劳动力转移的内在机理作出详细分析,找出不同层次社会资本特征变量对劳动力转移的影响,对个体和团体层面上贵州农村劳动力社会资本的占有和使用情况进行详细剖析,并为农村劳动力个体如何提升自身的社会资本,政府采取哪些措施积累团体层面的社会资本提供了政策与建议。在研究方法上采用理论与案例、实证相结合的方法,通过问卷调查、半结构访谈、部门调研收集资料,运用社会网络分析法、计量经济及统计学相关方法进行了数据处理与实证分析。本文的结论包括:社会资本的拥有量在很大程度上决定农民工社会流动的可能,并决定其行为选择。同时,农民工个体层面的社会资本和团体层面的社会资本均会对农村劳动力转移产生影响,但个体层面社会资本的影响会对其转移产生重要影响,相对团体社会资本匮乏的贵州农村劳动力而言,团体社会资本的影响显得不是那么直接和明显。在贵州这样的少数民族贫困地区,农村劳动力转移更多依赖于亲缘、地缘等非正式社会网络关系,其社会资本数量少、质量低、不利于他们向上流动和融入当地市民社会,非正规就业的特点明显。为促进更好转移,农村劳动力除了可以对自身原有社会资本和新建社会资本进行投资外,政府的公共政策和公共产品的提供对农村劳动力团体社会资本的积累和提升也会产生积极影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is obvious regional diversity in the social and economic development of our country, and the differences in geography,history and cultural traditions would inevitably put unique brands for the rural labor force transfer in various regions.Guizhou is a multi-ethnic province located in a typical karst mountain area,which is also well-known for poverty area concentration,and the poverty here is remarkable whether from the view of depth or breadth. From the perspective of social capital to search the transfer of rural labor force,the paper breaks the existing research paradigm which takes economic person as logical starting,and by taking social assumption into account the paper can more accurately reveal the inherent mechanism about the transfer of rural labor force in China as well as complement the employment theory based on the condition of urban-rural structure.But for a long period of time,the academic community researches little about the rural labor force in this region,let alone the empirical researches from the perspective of social capital.So this paple researches the transfer of labor force in Guizhou from the perspective of social capital.Based on the in-depth study about the theory of social capital,the paper elaborates the concept,the level and the characteristics of the social capital of rural areas,establishes the theorital framework for the analysis about social capital in rural area,and does theorital and empirical analysis in individual and group levels.The paper comprehensively uses the research results of social capital from the subjects such as economics,sociology and political science as well as the other related subjects like information economics,social-relationgship network theory,the theory of ant-flock to get a detailed analysis about the inherent mechanism of the rural labor transfer in Guizhou Province.How feature variables of the social capital affect labor transfer at different levels is also analysed and a detailed analysis is made to present the possession and the use of the social capital at the individual and group levels,suggestions and policies are offered for individual labor to enhance their social capital as well as for the government to take measures to accumulate group-level social capital.By combining theory and cases or empirical methods together and through questionnaire survey,semi-structure interviews,collecting information in sector investigation,the data-process and empirical analysis are carried out via the using of social network analysis,econometric and methods related to statistics.The conclusions in this paper:the amount of social capital owned by the migrant workers decides the possibility of their mobility and his or her conduct to choose.Meanwhile,both social capital at individual level of migrant workers and social capital of group levels have impact on the transfer of rural labor force,but the impact of social capital at individual level has an important impact on the transfer.Because the relative lack of social capital of group level for the rural labor force in Guizhou,the impact of social capital of group level seems not that direct or obvious.In ethnic minority poverty-stricken area like Guizhou,the transfer of rural labor force is more likely to dependent on the informal social networks such as relatives, geographic relations,these social capitals are of small number and low quality,non-conducive to their upward mobility and integration into the local civil society,leading to the characteristic of non-formal employment.To promote a better transfer,in addition to the investment to the owned social capital and new established social capital for the rural labor force,the public policies and public goods provision of the government still have a positive impact on accumulation and upgrade of social capital at group level for rural labor force.更多还原