【作者】 段宏伟；

【导师】 金维洙；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 目前,静电纺丝技术已成为得到纳米纤维最重要的方法之一。静电纺丝过程是使带电荷的高分子溶液或熔体在强静电场中流动与变形,然后经溶剂蒸发或熔体冷却而固化,得到纤维状物质。参考国内外大量文献后发现,对于开发可控的高压静电纺丝机方面,目前的研究还很少。当前,静电纺丝设备仅处于试验阶段,设备较为简陋,均为实验室自行组装;对于高压静电纺丝工作电场的有限元分析与优化的研究几乎还没有。因此,开发出一种可控高压静电纺丝机和对电纺工作电场有限元分析与优化的研究是十分必要的。本文的研究内容主要由三部分组成,即高压静电纺丝工作电场的有限元分析与优化、高压静电纺丝机的设计以及高压静电纺丝机的试验研究。在静电场分析与优化方面:首先,从静电纺丝的工作原理及过程入手,分析了纺丝过程中影响工作静电场分布的因素,将不重要的影响因素加以忽略。再根据高压静电纺丝机的结构特点,进而利用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立了工作静电场仿真模型,并将模型进行了简化处理。然后,通过对几种不同电场分布形式分析,选出了较优的方案。在优选方案中采用辅助电场的方法进行进一步优化。最后,还利用ANSYS对影响纺丝电场分布的几个参数进行了参数化分析与优化。在高压静电纺丝机的设计方面,以实现实验参数的实时调控为标准,设计出了实验参数可控的高压静电纺丝机。实现了注射装置的进给速度的调控,接收距离的调控,接收器滚筒旋转速度的调控,接收器平台往复运动速度的调控。在接收距离和接收器平台往复运动速度的调控中,采用了步进电机和蜗杆的机构实现运动和控制功能;在接收器滚筒旋转速度的调控中,设计了一种半径可调的接收器滚筒装置,并采用伺服电机实现其旋转运动和控制功能。静电纺丝机控制程序的开发环境是Visual C++6.0,可通过在控制界面窗口中输入不同的参数,来方便地对试验参数进行实时调控。为保护控制元件在高压静电场中的稳定工作,设计了电磁屏蔽装置。在高压静电纺丝机的试验研究方面,采用自行设计的静电纺丝机纺丝装置,以纺丝过程中电场的稳定性、纺丝的收集效果以及纺丝的形态为评定标准,选取分析优化的电场优化装置,分别进行不同电压、不同接收距离、不同纺丝速度下的单因素试验研究,并得到不同影响因素与纺丝收集形态的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electrostatic spinning is the most important method to get nano-meter at present.The process of electrostatic spinning is:first,macromolecular solution or melt with charge flows and is deformed in strong electrostatic field,then cooling and solidify after vaporizing solvent or melt,at last fibrous material is got.There is a few research on controlling high voltage electrostatic spinning machine,after consulting abundant documents both at home and abroad. Electrostatic equipment is on experiment,and very simple,assembled by laboratory assistant; there is no finite element analysis and optimize on high voltage electrostatic spinning.So it is neceesary to develop controlling high voltage electrostatic spinning machine and research on finite element analysis and optimize working electric feild.This paper is composed with three parts:finite element analysis and optimization of electric field high voltage electrostatic spinning working,design high voltage electrostatic spinning machine and experiments on it.In analysis and optimize:first,according to working theory and process,factors affects distribution of working electrostatic field in spinning process are analysed and unimportant of which are neglected.Simulation model of working of electrostatic spinning field was established by ANSYS,and which is predigested,according to structural characteristic of high voltage electrostatic spinning machine.Then a better method was chosen by comparing different distribution of electric field,after that optimization was carried on using auxiliary electric field.At last several parameters affecting distribution of spinning electric field was carried on analysis and optimization by ANSYS.In design,a electrostatic spinning machine in high voltage was designed,whose experimental parameters can be controlled,in the rule of real-time regulation of experimental parameters,such as controlling feeding speed of injection equipment,controlling reception distance,controlling rotating speed of receiver roller,controlling reciprocating motion speed of receiver platform,in distance controlling and reciprocating motion speed controlling,stepmotor and worm are used to move and control;in rotating speed controlling,a receiver roller with changing radius was designed,and servomotor was used to rotate and control.Visual C++6.0 was used to develop controlling procedure of electrostatic spinning machine.Different parameters can be input in from controlling interface,in order to adjust and control experimental parameters on time.Electromagnetism shielding equipment was design to protect controlling parts,so that they can steadily work in high voltage electrostatic field.In the high-voltage electro-spinning machines experimental research,using self-designed electro-spinning machine spinning device in the process of spinning,according to the criteria of evaluation of electric field stability,spinning the collection as well as the spinning form,and choosing the optimize the electric field device,the experimental study of single-factor has been completed on different voltage,different reception from the different spinning speed,then obtained the relationship between different influencing factors and Spinning collected form.更多还原