石涛书画研究

【作者】 郭怀若；

【导师】 欧阳中石； 刘守安；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 美术学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文是对清初书画家石涛(1642-1707)书画作品进行的专题研究。全文共分五章,另有两个附录:第一章探讨石涛的生平和交游活动。笔者参阅《明史》等资料,对石涛与八大山人的世系进行列表分析,得出他们二人彼此相差四代的结论。文中还论述了交游活动对石涛书画艺术风格形成产生的影响。第二章论述石涛书画的渊源关系及风格特征。石涛的绘画在清初属于在野的“改革派”,具有叛逆精神,但同时他也继承了大量前人的艺术成果,尤其是文人画家的审美趣味和技法体系,苏轼、倪瓒、董其昌、郑簠等人都对他的书画产生过深刻的影响,本章对他与前代艺术家的渊源继承关系进行深入的探讨。长期以来,学界对石涛书法艺术重视不够,笔者本文将石涛的书与画结合起来进行综合研究,分析其风格特征。第三章主要论述书法在石涛绘画作品中的构成意义。石涛绘画作品非常重视题跋,且数量众多,因而书法在石涛绘画中占有重要的构成意义。本章主要从笔墨结构关系和构图学两个方面进行深入探讨。第四章主要论述石涛书画理论方面的贡献。《石涛画语录》在中国画论发展史上占有非常重要的地位,但历来对他提出的“一画”说的解读并不一致。本文试图从书法文化角度对“一画”进行阐释。第五章主要论述石涛书画对后世的影响。对石涛书画的品评一直各执己见,褒贬不一,本文将这些品评观点与时代背景联系起来,注意考察论者的时代文化背景,从而得出相对公允的历史评价。石涛对后来的“扬州画派”及吴昌硕、黄宾虹、齐白石、张大千、潘天寿、傅抱石等人均有深刻影响。除此之外,本章还论述了《石涛画语录》的绘画美学观点对宗白华美学思想的影响。论文后有两个附录:一是《石涛书画年表》,对石涛的生平、创作、交游、相关背景资料进行列表横向对比。二是《石涛无纪年书画作品一览表》,对其它无明确纪年的作品另列,以便查阅。将石涛的“书”与“画”结合起来进行综合研究,可以揭示中国书画艺术的文化特征和发展脉络。书法是中国传统文化的重要载体和传承方式之一,对文人绘画的形成与发展产生过深刻影响,石涛的作品也不例外。他通过题款书法将诗文与绘画有机地统一起来,绘画不再只是物象形式的简单再现,从而赋予了作者的审美趣味和艺术情感,丰富了绘画的思想性,提升了绘画作品的审美意境和文化品位。因此,以书法为切入点对石涛进行个案研究,可以更好地诠释他的书画艺术特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation is a thematic study of the great early Qing Dynasty artist,painter,and calligrapher,Shi Tao(石涛1642-1707).Contents of the dissertation are as follows:The first chapter focuses on Shi Tao’s life experience and social relationships,especially the familiar relation between Shi Tao and Badashanren(八大山人1626-1705).They were described as cognate brothers or uncle and nephew in some monograph,but that is impossible.According to The History of Ming Dynasty(Mingshi明史),they were four generations apart in the family lineage.The second chapter explores the internal relation and characteristics in Shi Tao’s calligraphy and Chinese painting whose works showed us a spirit of rebellion and that was also ahead of his time,whereas he studied abundant of great works by his predecessors and other artistic heritage,especially from others’ convention techniques.Shi Tao was profoundly influenced by painters such as Su Shi(苏轼1037-1101),Ni Zan(倪瓒1301-1374),Dong Qichang(董其昌1555-1636),and Zheng Fu(郑簠1622-1693).The third Chapter mainly analyzes the significance on constructing of calligraphy in Shi Tao’s Chinese paintings.There are chiefly two items:the configurations of brushstrokes and the compositions.The fourth chapter chiefly discussed Shi Tao’s contribution to the theory of calligraphy and Chinese painting.He was an expert on theories of painting.He was highly gifted in literature,poetry,calligraphy and painting.In his later years,he had a sound knowledge of Buddhism,Taoism and Confucian philosophy.His best-known book,Quotation of Painting(Hua Yu Lu画语录),holds an important position in the history of Chinese painting.There are lots of different views about his individualistic conception of "One Stroke" theory(Yi Hua一画) for it’s very unintelligible.This paper explained from the view of calligraphic culture,and provided an overview of his theory. The fifth chapter mainly disserted Shi Tao’s historical appraisement and he has exerted an important influence on the later Chinese painters,particularly "Yang Zhou School".In addition, his Chinese painting theories also influence a famous esthetician named Zong Baihua(宗白华1897-1986).The chapterⅤsection3 mainly analyzed their relationship of viewpoint of aesthetics. There are two appendixes at the end of this dissertation.The first list is Shi Tao’ works and life experience and other background information.The second one is Shi Tao’s works with unclear date,so as to give readers a reference.The dissertation combine calligraphy with Chinese painting of Shi Tao,can reveal the development venation and cultural identity context.Chinese calligraphy is an important carrier of traditional culture and heritage of one of the ways of the literati painting the formation and development have a profound impact,Shi Tao’s works are no exception.Through his poetry and calligraphy and painting will be organically unified,The form of painting is no longer a simple object representation,but given the author’s aesthetic and ideological feelings,the thought has enriched the painting to enhance the aesthetic mood of the paintings and cultural tastes. Therefore,to carry out case studies of his calligraphy to better interpreted the characteristics of his painting and calligraphy art.更多还原