【作者】 郑国华；

【导师】 熊晓正；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 自1978年实行改革开放以来,我国社会就进入总体性的转型期。近30年来,社会变迁使我国大部分地区社会环境、社会结构、生产方式、生活方式、信仰体系等发生了或正在发生革命性的变化。而我国民族传统体育是在农耕社会形态下生成的,随着我国社会转型的深入,民族传统体育文化的传承也面临巨大的挑战。本文通过两个村寨社会变迁的跟踪调查,运用社会转型和失范理论,对我国民族地区社会转型与民族传统体育文化传承进行了实证研究。研究结果如下:1、每当社会发生变迁,甚至一次微小的社会变革,都会对民族传统体育文化的传承产生巨大的影响。民族传统体育是建构在一定的社会生产和生活方式基础之上的,生存环境的变迁必然对民族传统体育文化的传承产生正反两个方面影响,而导致不同的演变。是正面演变,还是负面演变,在一定程度上取决于人们对民族传统体育文化发展的选择。2、导致民族传统体育文化的负面演变,本文称之为“传承失范”。其主要指,在社会的动态发展过程中,因社会内部诸因素的相互矛盾,产生的对民族传统体育文化约束力失效的状态。具体表现在作用于民族传统体育上的行为目标与手段之间缺少平衡、行为目标与意义之间缺少平衡、行为冲突、组织混乱、意义匮乏、核心形式丢失等方面。3、通过个案分析,并依据社会学失范理论,发现我国民族传统体育文化传承的评价系统可以从组织因素、意义因素、目标因素、动机因素和形式因素五个方面构建。同时,发现我国民族传统体育文化传承呈现出四种失范类型:由意义因素引发的价值认同型失范、由组织因素引发的政府导向型失范、由形式因素引发的整理改造型失范和由动机与目标因素引发的利用与保护型失范。4、规范创新是矫治我国民族传统体育文化传承失范的需要。规范创新,即重塑民族传统体育文化传承的行为规则。本文提出了新的民族传统体育文化保护的一般规则框架:通过意义转接,确立新的价值认同;规范组织行为,重构组织体系;突出民族特色,保存核心形式;选择合理目标,防止利用失范。5、民族传统体育文化的传承,只有通过服务于社会来寻求自身发展的现实道路。在社会转型中民族传统体育文化传承必须找到与社会新的契合点,各级政府在民族传统体育文化传承中也负有不可推卸的责任,必须推动社会改变开展民族传统体育活动“重结果、轻过程”的目标选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1978’ s reforming and opening policy,China society has stepped into the overall transition.During these 30 years,social environment, society structure,mode of production,life style and belief system of most areas in China are taking place or have taken place revolutionarily because of social changing.Chinese Traditional Sports is based on farming formation and succession of national traditional sports culture inevitably faces great challenge with social transition deepening into China.Through the follow-up study on two villages,the author makes a case study on social transition and succession of national traditional culture.The results show that:1.Every social changing,even a small one,has greatly influenced succession of national traditional sports culture.Constructed on a certain society production and life style,it inevitably changes with the changing of existing environment.The change has both positive and negative trends and it depends on what the people choose on the development of sports culture.2.The negative evolution on national traditional sports culture is called "succession anomie" It refers to an invalid state on restricting nation tradition culture in social dynamic development for the sake of mutual contradiction among the society.It embodies lost balance between behavior target and means on national traditional sports, lost balance behavior target and significance,behavior conflict, organization confusion,short of significance and key form losing,etc.3.According to the anomie theory in sociology,an evaluating system on succession of national traditional culture is established from organization factor,significance factor,target factor,motive factor and form factor.Based on case investigation the author concludes four types of anomie such as value-identity anomie caused by significance factor,government-guiding anomie caused by organization factor, regulating-transforming anomie caused by form factor,preservation anomie caused by motive and target factor.4.To cure succession anomie needs norm and innovation,which is to re-formulate rules of succession.The author puts forward a new frame in which the rules on protecting national traditional sports culture are included such as re-constructing organization system,highlighting national features,preserving key forms,choosing reasonable target and preventing from utilizing anomie.5.Succession of national traditional sports culture can find its way only by serving the society.Therefore,in social transition,it is necessary for succession to integrate with the society and the governments at all levels can not shirk the responsibility in this course and must launch the target choosing that attached much importance to result and little to course in the past.更多还原