【作者】 王淑琴；

【导师】 宝成关；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 政治学理论， 2009， 博士

【副题名】从《时务报》角度的审视

【摘要】 甲午战争之后,清王朝国势阽危,政局风雨飘摇,面临亡国、亡种、亡教的可能。空前严重的民族危机、政治危机与社会矛盾交织在一起,此种情形催生着各种近代意义的新生事物不断萌生。报刊作为其中的一种,其对中国近代以来政治的成长和社会发展的进程产生了深远影响,尤其对戊戌维新政治思潮的兴起起到了力推力促的作用。本文以戊戌维新时期执舆论之牛耳和作为维新总汇的《时务报》为切入点,对《时务报》所承载的政治思想进行学理概括,对《时务报》呈现的显性的民族性、民主性思想进行梳理,对该报隐性的公共性进行挖掘,力图揭示《时务报》所包含的政治思想以及报刊本身的问世对戊戌维新政治思潮兴起所起的举足轻重的作用,探讨以《时务报》为代表的戊戌维新报刊与近代中国维新政治思潮兴起之间的内在关联性,力求对中国近代戊戌维新时期出现的民间政论报刊在传布时代思想、反映政治意识的觉醒等方面的意义作出一个合理且富有新意的解释,尝试通过这种努力达到丰富、升华对中国近代政治思想史认识之目的,以及在宽泛的意义上领悟思想要素在政治形态变迁更替过程中的独特性价值与作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95 is an important historical event with significant turning point in China’s modern history.Since then,with the new things with the modern nature emerging and sprouting,China political thinking’s trend also started to have the significant transformation.It was turned into reality by communication,enlightenment,a critical function of "public space" based on the newspaper industry emerging in the period of the Reform Movement Wuxu and the establishment of the Institute of association.Although pressesandlnstitutes,these new things appearing after Sino-Japanese War,strongly prohibited and banned by the rulers,It eventually moved into pointless because of their vitality and unstoppableness.In the views of the reason,modern China’s national crisis,political crisis and internal contradictions of society are intertweaved,and new things have emerged in the inevitable course of history.Firstly,the unprecedented national crisis became serious,the Qing Empire had potential danger and precarious political situation,facing the possibility of death of nation,death of races and death of religion;Secondly,the rulers of the Qing dynasty indulged in erosion,political control has been weakened,deep crisis was hidden in the society, and there was a dangerous trend that seemed to be triggered at any moment.This historical situation directly promoted many people with breadth of vision to inquiry,think and consider the future of the nation and the legitimacy of political issues in a more open vision on the basis of the nutrients of their predecessors.The Foundation of the press association and the formation of organization was their historic choice after careful consideration.These actions have been across the vast history more than 100 years so far.How should people today check richly and intelligently the contributions and legacy for human civilization and modern Chinese history? How could they store the open power for the changing patterns of Chinese politics and the knowledge transformation through the press,the new system for the dissemination of knowledge? How did they open the gap for the growth of modern politics and how could they break the "political system connection"? How did their ideas and actions have an impact on the virtue of the traditional legitimacy? what opinions should we hold to have a rational dialogue to them? How do we evaluate the meaning from the value opinion? It is a definite problem worth considering on the history and the reflection of the future.This paper is to seek a whole answer to these issues.In the period of 70 years from the violent collision of Chinese and Western civilizations in 1840 to the revolution movement,there are many people who were Anguished and racked their brains among the Qing rulers,the bureaucracy officials in the core of power,and some people drifting away from the edge of the power system."No ends about three thousand years" has always troubled the ministers with great power and the Magi drifting away from the power.After the failure of practical or technical knowledge from Westernization Group in 1960s-1990s,the reformers,"the intellectuals in transition",who were critical of and questioning the existing system and traditional culture played important roles.They tried to find a breakthrough dealing with crises and challenges in the political field."Current Affairs" was emerged in this context time.It is a civil political newspaper that was set up the earliest in the Reform Movement,had great influence,used intense language,became the leader of public opinion and open a new era of ideological.It’s publish broke the ideological deadlock and the knowledge monopoly,and gave many bureaucratic gentry important enlightenments,the government shocked and the whole country drinking crazily.It affects not only that time but also the future.It laid a strong ideological and theoretical foundation for the new system in the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Revolution of 1911,contributed to the institutionalization in the growth of China’s new type of knowledge,stored the open power and for China’s political changes.Its positive sense can not be neglected.this paper takes "Current Affairs" as an example to sum up political thoughts born in it,combed the national and democratic ideas represented in it and deeply dug the public recessive charm.Its main purpose is to reveal the Wuxu Reform’s effects and discuss the relationship between the presses in the period of the Wuxu Reform and the rise of political thought.This paper fully reveals that "public space" consisted by the press and the association played important roles in reflecting the awakening of national political awareness and promoting the rise of the new political thoughts.This paper makes the analysis,in the ultimate analysis,in order to make a reasonable and innovative interpretation on its significance that civil political presses spread the thoughts reflect the awakening of political awareness in the Reform Movement in Modern China.It hard tries to achieve the purpose of understanding China’s modern political history,as well as in a broad point of view, understanding the unique status and role in the political process of replacement of thoughts’ factors.更多还原