湘南土话语音的历史层次

【作者】 刘祥友；

【导师】 潘悟云；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 自从赵元任、丁生树等发现湖南南部的部分县市除了通行的官话,还存在土话的情况后,湘南土话的研究已日益得到学界的重视,对土话性质的探讨方兴未艾。语音的演变有快有慢,具有自身发展的不平衡性,同时也受到所处的地理、社会环境的影响,这都会在某个具体语言或方言的语音演变历程中留下印记,形成主体层、借用层、滞后层等不同的历史层次。本文试图用历史层次的分析方法把杂糅在共时平面上的众多层次按历史的时间先后分开来,并解释其演变的由来。全文共九个部分。绪论简述湘南土话的分布范围及其研究现状并对本文的研究意义、方法和材料来源做了说明。正文共分八章:首章介绍湘南土话各代表点的音系;第二章分析湘南土话古全浊声母的演变类型,重点论述古全浊声母今读塞音、塞擦音时送气与否以声钮为条件的性质;第三章论述湘南土话舌齿音的演变格局;第四章分析湘南土话声母的特殊音读现象的性质;第五章论述湘南土话果摄、假摄、遇摄的历史层次;第六章分析了蟹摄、效摄、流摄的历史层次;第七章分析了咸摄、山摄在湘南土话中的音读情况;第八章对本文的研究做了总结,分析了湘南土话复杂的语音面貌的形成的内、外因。本文认为:在当前的条件下,把湘南土话处理为一种混合性方言是较为稳妥的做法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Zhao Yuanren, Ding Shengshu and so on discovered that the people in south Hunan’s partial counties communicated no only in general Mandarin, but also in the local dialects, the research on the local dialects in South Hunan Province has obtained the recognition by dialect academia day by day,and the discussion of the local dialects’nature has been on the rise. The speed of pronunciation evolution is not the same and has its own imbalance development, which is influenced by geographical and social environment simultaneously. This can leaves behind the mark in a specific language or a dialect’s phonetic change course and forms the main stratum, the borrowed stratum,the rudimental stratum and so on different historical strata. This dissertation attempts to differentiate the literary and colloquial readings and divide them into different strata according to time sequence and then explain its different origins.The dissertation is composed by the following nine parts. In the exordium, we briefly introduce the distributing areas and the research actuality of the local dialects in South Hunan Province and the research significance, main research methods of the dissertation and the sources of the dialectal data. The main text is divided into eight chapters: in the first chapter, we introduce phonetic system of various representative points in the local dialects in South Hunan Province; in the second chapter, we discuss the structure and the development of the ancient voiced syllable initials in the local dialects in South Hunan Province; in the third chapter we analyze the development type of the apico-dental and lamino-alveolar syllable initials; in the fourth chapter, we analyze the nature of the special initials in the local dialects in South Hunan Province; from the fifth chapter to the seventh chapter, we focus the discussion on the rhyme classes of“Guo” “Jia”“Yu”“Xie”“Xiao”“Liu”“Xian”and“Shan”, both the historical strata and their phonetic evolvement. In the eighth chapter, we make a summary to the research of this dissertation and analyze the external factors and intrinsic factors of formation of the complex pronunciation appearances in the local dialects in South Hunan Province. In the dissertation we consider that under the current condition, we should process the local dialects in South Hunan Province as one mixing property dialect.更多还原