【作者】 刘爽；

【导师】 王厚双；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 随着经济全球化的迅猛发展,各国间经济相互依存关系不断扩展、深化。然而,一个残酷的现实是:随着相互依存关系在扩展、深化,各国之间的经济贸易关系并不和谐,国际贸易摩擦已经成为各国国际贸易发展必须认真对待的一大难题。由此,我们不得不思考这样一些问题:随着各国间相互依存关系的扩展、深化,共同利益越来越多,为何会出现国际贸易摩擦不断,甚至国际贸易摩擦日趋激烈的矛盾现象?相互依存与国际贸易摩擦之间是否存在着某种辩证的互动关系?解决相互依存与国际贸易摩擦之间的矛盾与冲突的有效途径是什么?等等。对上述问题进行准确回答将直接影响到相互依存各方的战略、策略的制定。因此,从相互依存关系的角度研究国际贸易摩擦有具有重大的理论和实践意义。论文由绪论和正文五章共六部分组成。绪论主要是对论文的选题的背景,选题的重大理论与实践意义进行了分析。在对相关研究文献——相互依存理论的研究现状、国际贸易摩擦问题的研究现状的基础上,提出了论文的研究思路与研究的主要内容,并对论文的研究方法、创新之处进行了设定。第一章,相互依存关系产生的机理。此章首先对相互依存关系的内涵进行了深入的探讨,继而对理查德·库伯的相互依存理论、罗伯特·基欧汉和约瑟夫·奈的复合相互依存论进行了评述。在此基础上对相互依存关系产生的机理进行了全深入的研究。此章是论文进一步展开研究的理论出发点和理论依据。第二章,相互依存关系视角下的国际贸易摩擦。此章首先对国际贸易摩擦的涵义进行了探讨并对国际贸易摩擦新特点进行了概括。在进一步研究复合依存理论对贸易国际贸易摩擦成因的解释、山影模式对相互依存关系中的国际贸易摩擦成因的解释的基础上,对相互依存关系理论对国际贸易摩擦成因进行了全面深入的研究。第三章,相互依存与国际贸易摩擦互动关系辨析。此章首先对相互依存关系作用的争论进行了评述。在此基础上,对相互依存与国际贸易摩擦互动关系进行全面、深入的研究。第四章,相互依存与国际贸易摩擦的互动关系的实证研究——以日美相互依存与贸易摩擦为例。此章首先对日美相互依存关系的发展历程进行了回顾,进而描绘了相互依存关系中的日美贸易摩擦变化轨迹,在此基础上对日美相互依存与贸易摩擦关系进行了实证分析以此印证第三章的研究结论。第五章,相互依存关系中的中国对外贸易摩擦。此章首先对中外相互依存关系发展现状、中外贸易摩擦的新特点进行了研究,在此基础上对中国应对相互依存关系中的国际贸易摩擦的对策进行了研究。主要研究结论第一,相互依存关系是社会生产力发展的必然结果,是世界各国经济贸易关系(包括政治关系等)发展必然的历史趋势。生产要素禀赋的差异性是相互依存关系产生的基本根源市场的差异性市场是相互依存关系的纽带;科学技术的发展是相互依存关系得以实现的技术条件;国际组织、国际协调制度的产生与完善是相互依存关系实现的体制基础。第二,国际贸易摩擦的产生是相互依存关系中的双方经济利益、市场地位、实力对比等利益博弈的反应,其中,利益集团是国际贸易摩擦的主导力量,非经济因素,不成熟、非公平性的国际制度也对国际贸易摩擦产生重要的影响。第三,相互依存关系不能成为消弥国际贸易摩擦的保障;相互依存关系的加深将会有助于抑制国际贸易摩擦的扩展与升级;国际贸易摩擦的的化解将会促进相互依存关系的加深;相互依存关系是在矛盾运动中螺旋式地发展。即相互依存与国际贸易摩擦间存在着一种辩证的互动关系:一方面,相互依存关系的发展与加深有可能使利益冲突的概率提高、范围扩展。另一方面,相互依存度的提高,会导致共同利益范围的进一步的扩大与加深,从而迫使摩擦的双方冷静对待彼此之间的摩擦,寻求恰当的处理彼此之间摩擦的方法和途径,实现共赢。而对国际贸易摩擦的恰当处理又可以进一步扩展和加深彼此间的相互依存关系,二者间将会形成一种互动的关系。因为,国际贸易摩擦有利于使相互依存关系进程中的问题与障碍得以显现,国际贸易摩擦是推动相互依存关系升级的内在动力,国际贸易摩擦拓展了相互依存关系的空间、领域与方式,国际贸易摩擦形成“倒逼机制”,进一步推动相互依存关系的发展。第四,对于快速崛起中的我国来讲,处理好相互依存关系中的贸易摩擦问题意义重大,而发展对称性相互依存关系是化解贸易摩擦的根本,制定合理的产业政策、扩大内需、全面实施市场多元化战略、实施走出去战略等是应对国际贸易摩擦重要策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 As economic globalization surges, the economic interdependence among nations is constantly growing. A harsh reality, however, is the increasing discord in economic and trading relations as interdependence expands. International trade frictions have presented a major challenge for countries to further develop foreign trade. This problem also raises questions that demand our meditation: as the interdependence and common interests are ever-increasing, why do we witness a rising trend of international trade frictions? Does there exist a dialectic interaction between the interdependence and international trade frictions? How to resolve the contradiction and disputes of the two? etc. A proper answer to the above questions has a direct bearing on the strategy and policy development of the interdependent parties. Therefore, a study on international trade frictions in terms of interdependence is of great relevance both in theory and practice.The paper consists of six sectons--a introduction and five chapters in the main body.The introduction primarily concerns the background information of the choosen subject and an analysis of the relevance of the subject in terms of theory and practice. It also brings out the major approaches and contents of the research, and identifies the method and innovations of the research, building on the examination of related literatures regarding the interdependence theory and international trade frictions.Chapter One: the formation mechanism of interdependent relations. This chapter gives full analysis to the connotations of an interdependent relation, makes comments on“Interdependence Theory”by Richard N. Cooper and“Compound Interdependence Theory”by Joseph S. Nye. On that basis, a probing examination is conducted on the formation mechanism of an interdependent relation. This chapter is the theoretic basis from which the paper further expands its research.Chapter Two: the international trade frictions in terms of interdependence. This chapter discusses the meaning of international trade frictions and summerizes its new features. After examining the interpretations of the causes of international trade frictions in interdependent relations by“Compound Interdependence Theory”and“Mountain Shadow Model”, the chapter makes full and intensive probes into the causes of international trade frictions by“Interdependence Theory”.Chapter Three: the analysis of the interations between interdependence and international trade frictions. This chapter comments on the dispute concerning the role of interdependent relations. Then an extensive study is conducted on the interation between interdependence and international trade frictions.Chapter Four: the empirical study on the interation between interdependence and international trade frictions, with Japan and the United States as examples. The chapter reviews the history of the interdependent relation between Japan and the US, illustrates the changing trajectory of Japan-US trade frictions in an interdependent relation, and then engages in empirical study on the relations between Japan-US interdependence and trade disputes in an effort to support the findings in Chapter Three.Chapter Five: the interdependent Chinese foreign trade frictions. This chapter examines the development of interdependent relations between China and the rest of the world, analyses the new features of Sino-foreign trade frictions, and scrutinizes China’s countermeasures to address the international trade frictions in interdependent relations.This paper follows a research pattern that embraces both normative research and empirical research. On account of the new cross-disciplinary nature of international trade frictions in interdependent relations, this paper puts more emphasis on the integration of the theory of international political economy and that of international trade, employs the Mathematical Research Methodology and Game Theory for a full, systematic, and intensive research on interdependent international trade frictions, beyond the traditional research approaches in terms of history and comparison.Major Research Findings:First, interdependent relations are an inevitable result of the development of productivity, and an irreversible historical trend of growing economic and trading relaitons (including political relations) among nations. The endowment disparity of production factors is the very source of interdependent relations; The market diversity is the bond for the relations; The scientific and technological advances provides the technological base from which to develoe interdependent relations; The creation and improvement of international organizations and international harmonized system constitute the institutional framework for achieving interdependence. Second, international trade frictions are attributed to the divergent interests of the interdependent parties, including the economic interest, market status, and their comparative strength, etc. Interest groups represent the dominant forces of international trade frictions, and non-economic factors, the underdeveloped and unfair international regime also play a significant part in the frictions.Third, an interdependent relation is no guarantee to the settlement of international trade frictions; A growing interdependent relation will help curb the increase and escalation of trade frictions; The settlement of international trade frictions will boost the interdependence; Interdependent relations develop in a spiral fashion in a contradictory movement, meaning that a dialectic interaction exists between interdependence and international trade frictions: On the one hand, the deepening interdependence may trigger increasing and wider conflicts in interest. On the other, growing interdependence will lead to expanding common interest, thus compelling the two sides to address their frictions in a calmly manner, seek proper solutions to iron out problems for a win-win outcome. And appropriate settlement of international trade frictions will further enhance and deepen the interdependent relations, a primary contributor to the interaction between the two sides.Fourth, proper settlement of trade frictions in interdependent relations is of great importance to China, a rapidly rising nation. For this purpose, maintaining interdependent symmetry is essential. Sound industrial policies, spurring domestic demand, market diversification, and going global are vital strategies to this end.更多还原