【作者】 陆勇；

【导师】 周育民；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2007， 博士

【副题名】以“中国观念”为视角

【摘要】 本文以“中国观念”为视角,围绕民族观念与清政府的关系,探讨了中国传统民族观念在清代大一统国家重建、维护和近代转型中的意义,揭示出大一统国家作为一种多民族国家形态,在处理民族与国家问题上不同于民族国家观念的独特经验。文章分成前言、第一章、第二章、第三章、第四章、结语等六个部分,以历史学的研究方法,参照政治学、民族学等研究成果,通过不同时段的个案分析,以“中国观念”嬗变、调适、困境和重塑为线索,梳理传统民族观念在清王朝入主中原以后的继承与发展,及其在近代以来直至清末,在西方冲击下的调整、变化过程。绪言主要内容包括命题的提出及其意义、基本的学术回顾、相关资料情况、研究方法及文章基本研究思路与结构。文章正文四章。第一章是传统民族观念与清代前期中国观念的嬗变。主要阐述传统“中国观念”与传统民族观念之间的关系,并在此基础上,运用个案分析法,探析满人入主中原以后,在重建、维护大一统国家中所体现出的民族观念和清代“中国观念”的嬗变。第二章是清统治危机与传统民族主义:“中国观念”的调适。本章主要分析传统民族主义在大一统国家主权危机与清王朝统治危机中所充当的角色及其自身的演变,并分析大一统国家初步转型期间,清政府“中国观念”的调适。第三章是中国认同危机与近代民族主义:中国观念的困境。本章主要从大一统国家转型中的挫折对近代中国转型的影响入手,分析传统民族主义式微和民族国家话语霸权形成及其对“中国观念”的影响,探讨传统民族观念与近代民族主义的关系,并分析民族主义对清政府对大一统国家转型路径选择的影响。第四章清末新政与民族主义:中国观念的重塑。本章主要分析清政府在制度变革中,近代大民族主义对新政展开影响和对“中国观念”重塑的意义,探讨汉民族主义压力下清政府在制度变革中的路径依赖及其统治合法性权威的消逝。本文结语部分,在总结上述论述的基础上,系统阐述中国传统民族观念与清政府的关系,以及这种关系的变化与中国观念变迁之间的关联,并从总体上论述传统民族观念对于多民族国家建构的意义。结语还通过对清政府的大一统国家转型与中华民国之间的关系分析,对比中国传统民族观念与民族国家理论在处理民族认同与国家认同之间的差异,并进而略论中国传统民族观念对于现代多民族国家建设的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article takes“Chinese concept”as an angle of view, discusses relations between nationality ideas and the Qing Dynasty, researches regarding the Mega-unification Country significance of traditional nationality ideas during period of reconstruction, maintenance and the modern transformation, and reveals the Mega-unification Country, which as one kind of multinational country shapes, unique experiences to be different with the ideas of the nation-states.Dividing into the foreword, the first chapter, the second chapter, the third chapter, the fourth chapter, the conclusion and so on six parts, and this article uses the history research technique and has referred to the research results of politics and ethnology. Through different time interval document analysis, the full text takes the evolution, adjustment, difficult position and remold of the“Chinese concept”as clues, and clear off continuation, development, adjustment, change process of Chinese traditional nationality ideas after Qing Dynasty being in charge area south of Yellow River until end of the Qing Dynasty under western impact.The introduction mainly includes content proposes and it’s the significance, the basic academic review, the correlation data situation, the research technique, the article fundamental research mentality and the structure including the proposition.The main text altogether has four chapters. The first chapter is the traditional nationality idea and the Qing Dynasty earlier period“Chinese concept”evolution. This chapter elaborates relations between tradition "the Chinese concept" and the traditional nationality idea, and in this foundation, with the utilization document analytic method, researches nationality idea and“Chinese concept”evolution in the reconstruction, maintenance of the Mega-unification Country. The second chapter is the Qing Dynasty dominant crisis and the tradition nationalism: the adjustment and adaptation of“Chinese concept”. This chapter analyzes role of the traditional nationality idea that played in sovereignty crisis of the Mega-unification Country and dominant crisis of the Qing Dynasty, analyzes evolution of the traditional nationality idea and the adjustment and adaptation of“Chinese concept”during preliminary reforming period. The third chapter is the crisis of China identification and the modern times nationalism: the difficult position of“Chinese concept”. Beginning from the influence on reforms to modern China, which brought about from setback of the Mega-unification Country adjustment, this chapter analyzes the tradition nationalism declines and it’s influence on“Chinese concept”, inquires into relations between traditional nationality idea and modern times nationalism, and analyzes influence of nationalism on way selection of the Qing Dynasty to reform of the Mega-unification Country. The fourth chapter is the Qing Dynasty last year’s political reform and the nationalism: remold of the“Chinese concept”. This chapter analyzes influence of big nationalism on system transform in the end of the Qing Dynasty and significance to remold of the“Chinese concept”, investigates route dependence and dominant valid authority’s dissipating of the Qing Dynasty under pressure Han nationalism. This article conclusion is, in the summary above elaboration foundation, the systematic elaboration of the relations between the Chinese tradition nationality idea and the Qing Dynasty and the relevance of the relations to changes of“Chinese concept”, and expounds significance of the Chinese tradition nationality idea to construction Multinational country. By analyzing Qing Dynasty and Republic of China’s relations, this chapter also discusses the difference between the Chinese tradition nationality idea and nation-state idea about settling problem of nation identification and country identification, and slightly discusses lessons that the Chinese tradition nationality idea regards to the modern multinational country construction.更多还原