【作者】 姚慧丽；

【导师】 冯俊文；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 在全球经济一体化和知识经济的新背景下，我国乃至世界上企业正在从不同层面、以不同的形式和不同角度积极地进行扩张，扩张中出现了许多复杂现象、遇到了许多复杂问题。本论文基于传统扩张理论局限性，借助复杂性理沦研究企业扩张发展和实践中面临的新问题。首先，在现有企业扩张理论和复杂性科学研究成果的基础上，提出从复杂性视角分析企业扩张现象、解决企业扩张问题的企业扩张复杂观，重新审视扩张本质，拓展企业扩张内涵，将企业联盟、网络组织等企业发展新形式纳入企业扩张范畴，在传统扩张理论框架的基础上进一步发展企业扩张理论。第二，将自组织方法论综合运用于企业扩张的自组织演化过程分析企业扩张的机理。包括三部分：(1)根据耗散结构理论，论述企业扩张是企业系统适应环境并与外界环境发生物质、能量和信息交换的一种方式，是企业演化过程的“涨落”和“涌现”，分析企业扩张的耗散结构特征和双向效应；(2)基于协同学理论研究企业扩张自组织演化动力，建立企业扩张系统的内部、外部竞争于合作关系模型，找出企业扩张系统序参量，给出其动力学模型，并从协同学出发解释了企业并购扩张人力资源整合过程；(3)借助超循环理论分析企业扩张中自组织演化超循环机理，构建内部扩张、并购扩张和联盟扩张的超循环模型。第三，将熵理论应用于企业扩张，提出熵可以作为企业是否扩张的判据，可用来确定企业扩张的规模和速度，给出企业扩张熵定律，阐述企业扩张熵变自组织过程，分析企业扩张熵增与熵减内外部影响因素。第四，将企业生态思想应用于企业扩张，提出企业扩张依托于生态系统，首先应进行生态位的确定；给出企业扩张生态位模型；提出企业扩张是企业生态位的扩展和跃迁，对企业扩张的生态位进行描述；基于生态位理论给出企业扩张差异化定位方法；针对处于扩张旺盛期的成长中的中小企业的扩张，提出小生位战略。第五，在阐述企业扩张方式的演变历程的基础上，将企业扩张方式根据开放性进行简单划分为三种方式，并分析其特点；论述企业扩张的自组织特性和自组织特征；根据企业扩张自组织形成条件提出企业扩张方式选择的自组织判定方法。第六、基于熵理论提出企业适度扩张战略；从企业扩张的规模、速度和经济范围界定企业扩张度的内涵；分析影响企业扩张度的因素，并进行熵描述；基于管理熵理论提出企业扩张度决策模型。最后，将企业扩张定位方法、企业扩张方式选择的自组织判定方法和企业扩张度决策模型应用于企业进行实证分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the new context of economic globalization and the Knowledge Economy,enterprises in China and other countries are expanding actively from different levels,in different ways and at different angles. However, they have met many complexquestions during expansion due to the emergence of many complex phenomena.Based on the limitation of traditional expansion theory, this paper appliescomplexity theory to study new problems in enterprise expansion. First, based onexisting enterprise expansion theory and study results of complexity science, thispaper puts forward complexity view of enterprise expansion to analyze expansionphenomena and solve expansion problems. It makes a further development onenterprise expansion theory based on the frame of traditional expansion theory,reviews the nature of expansion, and enriches the connotation of expansion. In thispaper, such new ways of enterprise development as enterprises alliance, networkorganization are put into the connotation of expansion. Second, this paper appliesself-organization methodology to self-organized evolution process of enterpriseexpansion, and analyzes the expansion mechanism of enterprise expansion. Itincludes three parts: (1) According to dissipative structure theory, this paperdiscusses that enterprise expansion is a way in which enterprise system adapts to theenvironment and exchanges material, energy and signore with external environment,is the fluctuation and emergence in enterprise evolvement process, and analyzes thedissipative structure characteristics and dual effect. (2) Based on synergetic theory,this paper studies self-organized evolution motilities of enterprise expansion,establishes model about internal and external competitive and cooperative relationsin enterprise expansion system, finds out the order parameter of enterprise expansionsystem, gives dynamic model, and explains human resources integration process inenterprise expansion. (3) This paper applies hypercycle theory to analyzeself-organized evolution hypercycle mechanism in enterprise expansion, andestablishes hypercycle model of internal expansion, mergers and acquisitions, andalliances. Third, this paper applies entropy theory to enterprise expansion, putsforward that entropy can be used to decide whether enterprise expands, the scale andspeed of enterprise expansion, it gives entropy law about enterprise expansion,expounds on the self-organization process of enterprise expansion entropy change,and analyzes internal and external factors of entropy increase and decrease inenterprise expansion. Fourth, this paper applies enterprise ecology thoughts to enterprise expansion, puts forward that enterprise expansion happens in ecosystemand niche determination is the first step, and gives the niche model of enterpriseexpansion. It points that enterprise expansion is the expansion and transition ofenterprise niche, and describes the niche in enterprise expansion. Then, it gives theway of differentiated position in enterprise expansion based on niche theory. Finally,it puts forward niche strategies for growing SMEs who want to expand. Fifth, thispaper describes the evolution of enterprise expansion mode, and divides enterpriseexpansion mode into three kinds according to openness, and analyzes theircharacteristics. It expounds on the self-organization traits and characteristics ofenterprise expansion, and puts forward self-organization judging method about thechoice of enterprise expansion mode according to the self-organization formingcondition. Sixth, this paper puts forward proper expansion strategy based on entropytheory; defines the connotation of enterprise expansion degree from the scale, speedand economic scope of enterprise expansion; analyzes factors which impact onenterprise expansion degree and does entropy description; puts forwarddecision-making model of enterprise expansion degree based on managemententropy theory. Finally, this paper applies enterprise expansion position method,self-organization judging method about the choice of enterprise expansion mode anddecision-making model of enterprise expansion degree to practice, and doesempirical analysis.更多还原