【作者】 倪新锋；

【导师】 陈洪德；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 沉积学， 2007， 博士

【副题名】以中上扬子震旦系—中三叠统为例

【摘要】 多旋回构造运动形成了多旋回发育的含油气叠合盆地。对于此类盆地的形成演化过程的认识，构造演化过程中生储盖组合的配置关系，以及后期保存条件等的研究思路、方法、技术等还处于不断探索和发展中。本文选择具有多旋回、多层系、多样性、多期成藏等特征的中上扬子叠合盆地为研究区，始终贯穿构造控盆、盆控相的层序充填动力学的思路，以大量的野外地质资料为基础，结合钻井和地震资料，以构造地质学、沉积学、层序地层学、盆地分析理论为指导，以构造演化—沉积演化—层序演化—盆地演化为主线，注重整体性、时代性、有序性、差异性、综合性研究，将中上扬子区沉积体系划分出三大沉积体系组，及若干个沉积体系、相、亚相及微相，详细讨论了各类沉积体系的特征，建立了相应的沉积模式，认为沉积体系的发展演化是一系列地质因素的综合效应；在对川东北地区长兴期—飞仙关期台地与台盆相间沉积格局形成机制研究的基础上，指出拉张环境下的同沉积断裂所致的“台—盆相间”的沉积格局，在上扬子地台具有很好的同步性和可对比性，并对油气成藏具有较好的控制作用；进而系统分析了10种层序界面的表现形式和成因类型，并将中上扬子区划分出13个二级层序，82个三级层序。详细讨论了各超层序在不同相区内的特征，并进行了区域对比，总体上各二级层序在区域上均可对比，但在不同的相区层序发育特征各异，主要受控于构造运动、全球海平面升降、沉积作用和气候四大因素；以超层序(二级层序)体系域为单元，编制具有精确性、等时性、成因连续性和勘探实用性等优点的层序岩相古地理图27张，进一步认识盆地演化过程中生储盖组合的时空展布规律；从层序地层研究出发，将中上扬子区海相碳酸盐岩油气生储盖组合划分为界面型、低位型、海侵型、高位型和综合型5种类型，不同类型的生储盖组合沉积地质特征及油气地质意义存在差异，并分析了层序格架内生储盖组合的配置关系；在系统的沉积、层序研究的基础上，结合板块构造格局、区域构造活动等特征，从盆地演化及生储盖组合的角度将盆地叠合关系分为覆盖型(连续覆盖型、非连续覆盖型)以及非覆盖型(下组合保持型、上组合保持型)，讨论了多旋回构造运动下含油气叠合盆地的多重叠加、改造类型及关系，最终总结构造—层序岩相古地理演化、分异，盆地叠加、改造对油气成藏的影响和控制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the polycyclic tectonic movements, there are polycyclic oil and gassuperimposed basins in south China. The research thought, methods, and technologyfor superimposed basins formation, evolution, source-reservoir-cap rockcombinations in the course of tectonic evolution, and latter preservation conditionsare developing.The middle-upper Yangtze superimposed basin which has the characters ofpolycyclic, multi-layered, various, multi-stage of hydrocarbon accumulation wasselected for research area in this thesis. It rounded the thought that the tectonicscontrols basin, basin controls facies, and based on lots of outcrops, combining somedrilling and seismic data, with the director of tectonic geology, sedimentation, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis, taking the main line of tectonics evolution, sedimentary evolution, sequence evolution and basin evolution, and it emphasized theresearch of entirety, epoch, degree of order, difference and synthesis. Based on whatare writhen above all, a systematic study has been made on the depositional system ofmiddle-upper Yangtze region form Sinian to middle Triassic, and divided into threetypes of depositional system groups and some depositional system, facies, sub-faciesand micro-facies. Further, it discussed the characters of all kinds of depositionalsystem, and set up depositional mdels, and also held the point that the developmentand the evolution of depositional system was the synthetical effect of serious ofgeological factors. Based on the study of mechanics of platform-uplifts andinter-platform basin sedimentary framework of Changxing Formation of upperPermian to Feixianguan Formation of lower Triassic in northern Sichuan Basin, itpointed out that the sedimentary framework of platform-uplifts and inter-platformbasin interphase which was caused by the palaeo-faults can correlated well in the middle-upper Massif, meanwhile, accumulation was obviously controlled bysedimentary facies of this framework. Further more, systematic study has been madeon 10 kinds of sequence boundary surface and their origin types, based on it, thethesis divided 13 super-sequences (second-order) and 82 third-order sequences, anddifferent character in different facies was discussed in details, and made correlation inthis region, in general, every super-sequence which was controlled by the tectonicmovements, global sea level change, sediments supply and climate could becorrelated, but the feather wasn’t alike in term of different facies. Regardingsuper-sequence (second-order) systems tract as study unit, twenty-sevensequence-based lithofacies-paleogeography maps were worked out which were morescientifically, more isochronously, more continuously, more practically, and so on, and it disclosed the distribution and the evolution of source-reservoir-cap rocks.Further, using sequence stratigraphy theory, vertically, fore source-reservoir-capcombinations occur in the marine carbonates in milddle-upper and they can bedivided into five types, including boundary type, lowstand type, transgressive type, highstand type and composite type. Each type of source-reservoir-cap combinationhas different features of reservoiring geology. On the basis of systemic studying ofsedimentation and sequences, colligating with the data of plate tectonic framework, regional tectonic activity, basin evolution and source-reservoir-cap combination, itdivided overlay relationship of basins into the covered type (continuous covered type, discontinuous covered type) and uncovered type(upper assemblage holding type, lower assemblage holding type). The superimposed relationship between Mesozic andCaniozoic continental basin and pro-Mesozoic and Caniozoic marine basin effect theformation, evolution, migration, conservation and destruction of the hydrocarbon.The types and relationship of multiple superimposing and rebuilding were discussedduring the polycyclic tectonic movements. Finally, it analyzed the effect andcontrolling of the evolution and difference of sequence-basedlithofacies-paleogeography and basins superimposing and rebuilding, and theprospect of different overlay relationship of basins as a whole.更多还原