【作者】 谢祥财；

【导师】 刘晓明； 王磐岩；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 在社会和城市的发展过程中,城市河道一直扮演着重要的角色。随着城市的发展和扩张,必须通过开漕挖渠以满足城市的各种用水需求;而战争和城市对外交通运输的需要,则有了护城河以及漕运河的出现;另外城市的防汛则是城市河道一直以来所要承担的重要任务;滨河空间是历代城市休闲娱乐或商业贸易最理想的场所。当今社会工业化和城市化的结果,造成了人居环境空前的危机,城市的各种机能产生了诸多的病症,城市河道也未能幸免,以至于河道一度成为城市归避的角落。而实际上,社会的发展、生态宜居城市的建设,必须召唤健康、怡人的城市河道的回归。论文的成果总的说来有两个方面:一是总结了北京城市河道景观改造相关领域的研究和实践成果,并进行一定的分析;二是探讨了北京城市河道存在的合理形态,提出今后北京城市河道景观改造研究和实践的方向及其策略。具体内容如下:(1)总结了我国城市河道产生和发展的一般过程。指出城市的发展逐步伴生了不同类型的河道,城市河道的形式和内容也一直伴随着城市的发展而变化,因此河道改造是城市建设中永恒的课题。(2)总结了现代国内外城市河道景观改造与研究的进展情况。指出现代城市河道景观改造中存在的问题,总结国内外的实践和研究对这些问题解决的经验和教训。(3)研究了历史上北京水系的发展变迁状况。探讨历史上北京水系的发展变迁状况,目的在于正本清源地研究左右北京城市河道景观改造的内在因素,从历史长河中透视当代北京城市河道景观改造的方向和策略。(4)总结了近期北京城市河道景观改造的状况,详细介绍和剖析了近期北京城市河道改造中具有代表性的两个建设实例——转河的整治以及菖蒲河的整治。通过分析,总结了当代北京城市河道改造所取得的成果,并指出了还没有解决或没有得到重视的相关问题。(5)探讨了当代北京城市河道存在的合理形态。文中指出,当代的北京城市河道应该体现古都历史的印迹;必须正视水资源紧缺状况,允许一小部分河道以有水形式存在,而其它河道只能以旱河形态存在;城市滨河用地应该具备公共性和综合性,以满足社会发展的需求;防洪减灾仍然是北京城市河道的基本功能;滨河空间应该注意整体性的控制以及滨水天际线的建设;河道的生态建设应该成为当代北京城市河道改造的主题之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban rivers have played important role in the development of society and city. Along with the outspread of city, the canal and river must be built to meet the need of water in every part of the city; Moat appeared for war and canal for transportation; and flood prevention has been the important task of urban river; waterfront space in city is the optimal location of entertainment and commerce in history. Today, industrialization and urbanization lead to the all-time crisis of habitation, a good many sickness of urban enginery. And river had become the evadable corner of city. In fact, the development of society and the building of appropriate ecological city beckon healthy and happy urban river back.There are two main parts in the dissertation: firstly, the research and practice on Beijing urban river landscape in relative domain are summarized and analyzed; secondly, the reasonable conformation of Beijing urban river is discussed, the direction and strategy are put forward. Particular content is below:(1) Summing up usual evolutive process of urban river in china. Along with urban evolution, different type of river appeared, the form and content of urban river had changed. And so, the rebuilding of urban river has become the eternal theme.(2) Summarizing the circumstances of urban river reconstruction in foreign country and homeland. Problems are pointed out, while experience and lessons in practice and research are summed up.(3) Studying the evolution of Beijing urban river in history. The aim of historical study on Beijing water system is to probe into the intrinsic factors, penetrate the direction and strategy of urban river landscape in Beijing from the angles of history.(4) It is summarized that urban river’s landscape was rebuild in Beijing in recent years. Two typical engineering example, Zhuanhe river and Changpu river, are introduced and analyzed, and their achievement is listed while unsolved and neglectful problems are pointed out.(5)At the end of dissertation, the reasonable conformation of Beijing urban river isdiscussed. Some results are achieved: the mark of ancient capital should represents; facing the lack of water, most of urban river could existed in dry status when small part could keep waterscape; to meet the need of society, urban waterfront area should have public and synthetical attribute; flood control is still the basic function of Beijing urban river; the urban skyline by the river and the control in the whole should be pay more attention; ecological construction of river would be one of the important theme in the rebuilding of Beijing urban river.更多还原