【作者】 汤玉平；

【导师】 彭大钧；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 首次提出了我国主要含油气盆地区域地球化学场划分准则。对我国主要含油气盆地区域地球化学场的变化规律进行了研究，指出了自西部盆地向东部盆地地球化学背景场渐渐降低，变异性则不断增高的变化特征。 首次根据参数特征、光谱指纹特征、轻烃指纹特征、数据结构等特征探讨建立了川西浅、中层天然气藏化探判别模型。依据费歇尔准则建立的判别模型表明，物上气甲烷作用最大，反映了物上气在井中化探判别天然气储层中的重要作用。探索性研究了油气化探技术的理论定量化、模型化，推动了油气化探向定量化及正、反演方向发展。 首次对某油田油井、边缘井、干井进行了地球化学效应对比分析和联井剖面研究。发现油气藏不同部位钻井中有不同的指标强度特征和各异的运移效应，指标浓度及变化梯度均显示出边缘井＞＞油井＞干井的变化特征。揭示了油气藏不同部位数据结构的差异性，反映了各异的烃类垂向微运移的地球化学效应，较好地解释了地表普遍发育的环异常的成因问题。 首次依据地表和井中地球化学成果，根据油气井中普遍存在的烃类向上趋轻的结构梯度和各指标正向运移梯度及晕源对比，揭示了烃类垂向微运移的客观存在。对微运移机理进行了讨论，强调了微裂缝网络系统的重要性，较好地解释了地表化探异常的成因机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The key geocheraical prospecting indicators of 15 main hydrocarbon-bearing basins and their various characteristics have been analyzed statistically , and the genesis variation of the indicators have been discussd .Based on these results ,a criterion has been proposed to classify the regional geochemical field of these main hydrocarbon-bearing basins. Studies on the variation trend of the regional background field reveal that the geochemical background values decrease gradually from west to east, while the variation degrees increase constantly.Studies on the abundance of C1 、 C2+ and ΔC in the western region in Sichuan basin suggest that the background field increases from south to north, while Hg abundance has the higher to lower distribution trend from west to east. In a word, the geochemical data distribute with variation regularity from the north to the south, which is characterized by the relative data cluster.Studies on the alkane and aromatic hydrocarbons in the drilling wells show that the two hydrocarbon series both have significant migration trends and variation regularities from the depth to the surface, indicating the fact that hydrocarbon vertical migration exists objectively. Thus, the near-surface hydrocarbon anomalies have their sources like "active water" , which verifies that the near-surface anomalies and the prediction results achived from these anomalies are reliable in Sichuan Basin.A geochemical exploration discrimination pattern over a shallow (Pentlaizhen Formation) and middle depth (Shaximiao Formation) gasfield has更多还原