【作者】 李丹；

【导师】 尚永亮；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 白居易、元稹、张籍、王建等诗人,主要生活于中唐时期,他们在诗歌创作方面存在较为明显的共性,如讽谕意识突出,审美追求写实近俗,乐府诗(尤其是新乐府)创作成就显著,语言风格浅切平易等,对此当今学术界已经形成基本共识,多用“元白诗派”来指称他们。但众所周知,在中唐,明确而严格的、文艺学意义上的流派意识尚未形成,所谓的“诗派”,实际上是今人对他们诗歌特色和价值再认识后,对其身份的一种追认。换言之,是在后人的接受过程中,“元白诗派”渐渐显露、成形,因此这一指称属于历史范畴,它具有共时性,而不一定具有历时性。 本文是在目前学术界已有研究成果的基础上,以接受美学为主要理论支点,运用文艺学、文化学的研究方法,并适当借鉴了传播学理论和计量分析法,对白居易、元稹、张籍、王建等四人在历史上被传播接受的具体情况进行考察,尽力理清他们诗歌特色和诗史价值不断被发现的历史过程、以及接受过程中他们之间分离和组合的变化轨迹。此外,在对他们诗歌特色的把握与诗史意义的定位给以动态关照的同时,对不同历史时期接受者、接受现象背后的社会及文化原因也做了力所能及的探讨。 第一章主要考察元白诗派对中唐之前文学创作的接受状况。元白四人在三方面的接受中,形成了创作上的共性,也就是所谓的“诗派特色”。首先,《诗经》中显露的“美刺”、“比兴”意识和汉人在解经时形成的“诗教”说,深深影响了四位诗人的创作观念,使他们在诗歌创作中体现出鲜明而自觉的讽谕意识。其次,古诗和杜甫诗一路承传而来的关注现实之传统也为元白等人所继承,他们崇尚表现真实的生活号情感;题材中体现了对现实生活广泛的关注,并尤其具有强烈的批判精神;他们对世俗的生活与情感表现出了浓厚的兴趣,与此相应,形成了通俗平易的语言风格。再次,在李白、杜甫、元结等唐代前辈诗人的笔下,乐府诗在格调、立意、形制等方面不断发生新变,元白诗派在继承前辈的基础上,把创新继续推进,创作了一大批“即事名篇”“为时为事”而作的新乐府作品。除此之外,作为这一群体的首要人物,白居易以卓越的才识,选择了陶渊明作为自己更多还原

【Abstract】 Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Zhang Ji, and Wang Jian, mainly lives in mid-Tang Dynasty. They have many obvious general character in the poetry creation aspect, like prominent allegory and satire conception, the esthetic pursue approach to vulgar, the remarkably achievement in creating Yuefu poem ( especially new Yuefu poem), popular and amiable language style and so on. Now the academic circles already reached the basic consensus, calls them Yuan-Bai school of poetry". But in mid-Tang, there is no explicit and strict conception about school. In fact, "school of poetry" is subsequently confirmed by people of our times. In other words, the name of Yuan-Bai school of poetry" belongs to the historical category, it has altogether when nature, but notnecessarily has lasted.On the foundation of the research results in the present academic circles, the author uses accepted esthetics as the main theory pivot of the paper, and the utilization literature and art, the cultural science research method. Furthermore, there is suitably profited from the dissemination study theory and the measurement analytic method. In the dissertation, the author studied the condition of Yuan Zhen, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian’s literature achievement were disseminated and accepted in the history.In the first chapter, the author mainly inspected the accept condition of Yuan-Bai school of poetry from older literature before Mid-Tang Dynasty. First, the members of the school accept allegory and satire conception from the "Poetry". Second, they got the idea of caring and criticism about social reality from YueFu poem of Han Dynasty. Third ,they learned from the great poems of Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Yuan Jie, espeacilly their New Yue Fu poem. Finally as the leader of the school, Bai Juyi has remarkable talent. He chose Tao Yuanming to be his example and imitated. Bai Juyi has comprehensively explained Tao Yuanming’s outlook on life and the values. After demotion to Jiangzhou, Bai Juyi accepted Tao fully hearted. He leaned Tao’s life attitude and formed gradually comfortably, has been broad-minded, the long travel point of view. In the creation, besides works modelled after sedulously, his poem shows comfortable and amiable style based on acception of Tao Yuanming.Second chapter is disseminated to the Yuan-Bai school of poetry work in all previous dynasties anthology and in the commentary field of vision and accepts thecondition the quantification analysis. In this chapter, the author anyalyzes the data from historical evidence, try to obtain the outlook of conditon of acceptance and spread of Yuan-Bai school of poetry in the later times.From the third chapter, this dissertation began to disseminate the condition of acceptance and spread of Yuan-Bai school of poetry in later times according to the historical development order.The third chapter mainly descripted and analyzed the Yuan-Bai school of poetry disseminate the the condition of acceptance and spread of Yuan-Bai school of poetry in Tang Dynasty. In Mid-tang Dynasty, the Yuanhe Style poem created by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen was spread and leart broadly for its secularization, the emotion content and the skill innovation. Till late-Tang Dynasty, some poets accepted Yuan-Bai school of poetry’s prominent allegory and satire conception ;some learnt the Yuanhe Style poem. Beside learning and imitating, some people criticized Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi’s gorgeous, frivolous and popular style of poem. During the five dynasties time, writers universally accepted the popular and amiable style of Yuan-Bai school. Except the inspection in the creation and the commentary Yuan-Bai school of poetry the condition which accepted, the author has been also researched the editions and the reorganization situation of the four members’ works.In the fourth chapter, the author mainly inspected Yuan-Bai school of poetry accepting condition in Song Dynasty. At the beginning of Song Dynasty, tightly receives five dynasties poem style, writers almost interested in popular and amiable style of Yuan-Bai school, especially in Bai Juyi. There is even an word "Bai style". In those who learned Bai Juyi ,the best learner is Wang Yucheng. He learned Yuan and Bai’s Changhe poem when he was young; when he demotioned like Bai Juyi, he began to learn Bai’s allegory and satire style. Ouyang Xiu and Mei Yao are important personage in the Song Dynasty Yuan-Bai school of poetry receiver’s. On their surface, they didn’t care Yuan-Bai school of poetry, but in fact, there creation, besides specially marks is imitates works of Han-Meng school, their amiable style, the fom of each other composing a poem in response to the other, the secularizational, the adaptation theme all consistent with Yuan-Bai school of poetry. Su Shi’s acceptting to Yuan-Bai school of poetry concentrated on the Bai Juyi. He accepted Bai’s live attitude, beyond his vulgar, and reached a higher level. In addition, while accepts theBai’s attitude and creation, Su Shi also accepted Bai’s honor to Tao Yuanming.In the creation aspect, the Song Dynasty writer accepted displays deviation on Yuan and Bai, but in the commentary field of vision, four members of Yuan-Bai school of poetry has been all brought into the field of vision which accepted. Wang Anshi is the "first reader" to Zhang Ji and Wang Jian, and Su Shi is the "first reader" to Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. In addition, because the culture developed Song Dynasty, the writers communicated frequently and convinently, community consciousness and school consciousness germinated gradually. There are symptom of a trend in critical field. That is regarding Yuan, Bai, Zhang, Wang as a school just because their achievement on the New Yuefii poem.Moreover, as a result of the printing method development and the publishing industry prosperity, members of Yuan-Bai school of poetry’s work coagulation and the reorganization has obtained the prominent achievement in Song Dynasty. Four members all had modest and complete collected works.更多还原