【作者】 赵慧；

【导师】 马克昌； 林亚刚；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 刑法学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本文通过对信赖原则产生的社会历史条件的分析,寻求信赖原则发展的宏大社会背景,同时通过分析信赖原则的思想理论基础,在评议诸说的基础上构建了信赖原则理论的合理基石。通过对该制度的分析,重点关注信赖原则如何影响注意义务的分配来限制或否定行为人的注意义务,从而达到排除行为人过失责任的目的,以及该制度对于刑法理论所产生的变革。另外,在解决该制度的价值选择后,就该制度的适用基准、机能以及在具体领域的应用进行了具体解构。全文除导言外,共分7章,约16万字。 导言,就信赖原则的适用困惑进行了具体分析,论证了该制度在当今社会的巨大社会效用,并就信赖原则在中国之提倡进行了制度论证和思想考察。指出:通过相关制度的培植,促进信赖原则在我国的生成既具有深厚的法理依据,也具有良好的人文主义根基。由于信赖原则是现代社会的基石,信赖原则不仅应在交通事业中予以贯彻,只要存在协作性关系的领域,信赖原则都大有作为。 第一章,信赖原则产生的社会历史条件。本章首先介绍了高科技的发展、人类生活的精致化以及刑法理论变迁对于信赖原则的影响。指出:信赖原则是在高科技发展下、人类生活精致化所产生的一种刑法理论。由于科技的发展以及人类生活的精致化,诱发了人类的责任心与信任心,并在此基础上产生了指导人类行为的规则即信赖原则。对于信赖原则而言,其主张对于违法性的判断,不仅要重视法益侵害结果的惹起,更要重视行为的反规范伦理性,主张在行为人态样的基础上实现刑法对于社会的合理调控。 第二章,信赖原则的理论基础。本章具体论述了社会相当性理论、被容许的危险理论以及危险分配理论对于信赖原则的作用,并就三者间的关系进行了具体分析。由于社会相当性理论有利于实现信赖原则合法化根据的目标,是信赖原则合法化的宏大背景;而被容许的危险理论和危险分配理论则有利于具体解读信赖原则产生和发展的动因。因此信赖原则的理论基础不是单一的,而是多元的、有层次的,即提倡“一体两翼”理论。具体而言就是,以社会相当性理论为核心,以被容许的危险和危险分配理论为两翼,共同合理地构建信赖原则的理论基石,对于信赖原则的合法化根据予以精致的解读。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation, after analyzing social historical terms of the principle of reliance, in order to seek to social background of the principle of reliance and analyses theoretical foundation of the principle of reliance at the same time , structures the theoretical foundation of the principle of reliance on the basis of appraising all sorts of schools .Through an analysis of this system , pays close attention how the principle of reliance influences the distribution of care obligation to limit or deny the actor’s attention obligation, thus achieve the goal of getting rid of actor’s liability for negligence , and change the criminal law theory。 Except for the introduction, The dissertation consists of 7 chapters, with about 160,000 words .In the introduction, the author makes a concrete analysis of the puzzlements of application of the principle of reliance ,and proves enormous social utility in the current society, Point out: Through the cultivation of relevant systems , the principle of reliance in our country has a deep legal principle basis and a good humanism foundation too Because of the principle of reliance is a foundation of the modern society , so it should not merely be carried out in the transportation, so long as other field of relations and cooperation exists ,Chapter 1 is about social historical background .the author introduces influence on the principle of reliance which the development of Hi-Tech, exquisiteness of human life and change of criminal law have made. Point out: the principle of reliance as a kind of criminal law theories produced by development Hi-Tech and exquisiteness of human life. Because the development of science and technology and exquisiteness of human life, have caused the human sense of responsibility and trust heart, and have produced the principle of reliance instructing the rule of the human behavior as for as the principle of reliance is concerned, it advocates not only paying attention to law benefit but also the branch of ethics of the behavior.Chapter 2 is about the theoretical foundation of the principle of reliance. the author concretely expound social permitting theory , reasonable danger theory andassigned danger theory for the principle of reliance .and the relationships among them. The social permitting theory is the background of justification of the principle of reliance, reasonable danger theory and danger assigned help to understand the cause of the development of the principle of reliance so ,the theoretical foundation of the principle of reliance is not single , but the plural one , namely ’"one body, two wings" theory.Chapter 3 is about the principle or reliance and changes of criminal jurisprudence The author makes a concrete analysis of changes of the system of criminal science caused by the principle of reliance, and how the principle of reliance influences care obligation to denying liability for negligence .The principle of reliance as a cause of substantive justification, it pays close attention to not in possibility of predicting, but in taking reasonable measures to avoiding dander when facing dangerChapter 4 is about the fundamental rule of Application and function of the principle of reliance. After the fundamental rule of the principle of reliance in foreign countries, puts forward it consists of objective and subjective conditions, the subjective conditions consists of existence of reliance and judgement of reasonable reliance The objective conditions is the prerequisite of the subjective conditions. The functions of the principle of reliance can be divided into concretely: the function of relaxing negligence; the function of preventing danger ; the function of establishing loyalty to law; the function of establishing of traffic ethics and the function of promoting modern civilization.Chapter 5 is about the application of the principle of reliance in transportation. The author expounds subjective and objective conditions and limitations of the application of the principle in transportation, the fact concretely that trusts principle suitable terms and restriction in the field of communication The objective conditions are follows : transportation is essential part of modern social life, improvement of transportation environment; improvement of traffic safety and traffic ethic .The subjective conditions consists of existence of reliance and judgement of reasonable. Its limiting conditions are: When the actor violates the traffic regulations by itself; When being apt to predict the behavior that the other side violates the traffic regulations; Because the road or other states can predict frequency happen in thetraffic accident when being higher ; The other side is when children , old man or health deformity person have no guardian to accompany ; When the actor has abundant time to prevent the result from happening.Chapter 6 is about the application of the principle of reliance in medical negligence. The author analyses the conditions and limitations of the application of the principle of reliance in medical negligence, basing on exploring the medical behavior and medical negligence, and explains the application of the principle of reliance in medical negligence in detail. The author advocates that the relationship of reliance not merely exists between medical personnel and patient, but also exists with the medical personnel of the sense of organization too, the two have a difference in trusting the applicable conditions of the principle of reliance.Chapter 7 is about the application of the principle of reliance in supervisory negligence.. The author maintains the theory of broad supervisory negligence on the basis of concept of supervisory negligence. The supervisory is divided into supervisory on person and management or control over thing. Here occasion of supervision on people, pay attention to if supervisor fulfil one’s own scope of offical duty; The occasion of supervising to the thing , if it sets up safe system and measures for preventing security of the danger to depend on actors, train and prevent from the dangerous skill not to go on the reasonable arrangement to select staff, namely has dispelled the risk framework in the system or the equipment更多还原