【作者】 王金铎；

【导师】 孟凡顺；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 海洋地质， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 胜利油田是中国东部老油田之一,主体构造带及中浅层目标勘探程度达非常高,如何寻找新的油气资源,实现油田稳产,成为当务之急。济阳坳陷是胜利油田的主探区,其太古界、古生界和中生界古潜山数量众多、规模较大,是济阳坳陷的一种重要的油气藏储集体类型,因此,潜山一直是人们关注的潜在目标。 本次研究采用了重力、航磁、测井、地震资料相结合的综合解释方法与技术,进行宏观构造及基底构造的分析,尽可能搞清潜山平面分布规律和垂向剖面上表现出来的内幕构造特征。然后,结合区域构造演化及在济阳坳陷的具体表现,从构造动力学机制上解释潜山形成、演化和分布以及油气成藏的规律。 济阳坳陷目前共发现20个古潜山油气藏,它们存在于沾化、车镇和东营3个凹陷之中。它们经历了多期构造改造。研究表明,济阳坳陷印支期构造格局和鲁西地区构造基本上是一致的。其主要特点是:地层产状平缓,没有大规模、强烈的褶皱变形,广泛发育有近EW向的宽缓褶皱,仅局部地段发育倒转褶皱,如五号桩地区。此外,近EW向的一组大断裂发育,伴生NE及NW向断裂两组次级断裂,使得EW向的大断裂呈锯齿状延伸。它们将济阳坳陷基底分割成近EW向的地块,并控制晚期构造格局。中生代燕山期构造格局是新生代古潜山形成及演变的重要阶段,以NE走向的逆冲—褶皱作用为主。新生代济阳坳陷为挤压纯剪环境下的逃逸作用产生的断陷组合,发育有北西西向、近东西向二组基底正断层,它们在空间上彼此交错并构成中新生代盆地的锯齿状边界断层,并且NW向、近EW向断层为控坳断层。济阳坳陷现今表现为北断南超的箕状断陷结构,并与断块面倾向北或北西的“单面山”式半地垒相间排列。NW向、近EW向控盆的边界断层多为伸展量巨大的铲形正断层,伸展量巨大。而NE向断层多表现为倾角较大、伸展量不大的变换或走滑断层,主要表现为水平错动。 通过对燕山期和新生代同一坳陷的对比发现,许多早期构造在新生代得到加强或改造。特别是新、老构造的走向具有明显的继承性,只是一些断裂发生了构造性更多还原

【Abstract】 Shengli Oilfield is one of the oldest oilfields in east China. The exploration degree of the major structural belts and the middle- and shallow exploring targets is very higher. The important task is now how to find new hydrocarbon traps so that the productive of oil-gas can be remained stable. The Jiyang depression is the major exploring area of the Shengli oilfield, in which develops many large-scale buried hills consisting of Archean, Paleozoic and Mesozoic. The buried-hill type reservoir is an important oil-gas reservoir type. Therefore, we focus our research on the attractive buried hills.This paper describes regional and basement structural features, using gravity and magnetic anomalies, logging and seismic profiles, in order to clear the distribution rule of the buried hills in plane view and the vertical architectures in the inner buried hills. At last, combined with the response to regional structural evolution of the Jiyang depression, the paper discusses the development, evolution and distribution of the buried hills and the rules of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation in term of dynamics.Until now, more than 20 buried hill-type hydrocarbon reservoirs have been found, which are mainly located at the Zhenhua, Chezhen and Dongying depressions and underwent multi-stage deformations. The Indosinian structural style is very similar to that of the Luxi uplift, of which features are gentle strata, no large-scale and intensive folds rather than near EW-trending open folds except for local overturned folds such as at Wuhaozhuang area. In addition, a set of near EW striking reverse faults develops, accompanying with two sets of NE- and NW-striking secondary faults which resulted in the zigzag shape of the large-scale reverse fault. All of them led the basement of the Jiyang depression to the framework of near EW-oriented blocks and controlled the structural style at the later structural stages. The Yanshanian structural pattern is a key factor constraining the development and evolution of Neozoic buried hills, which ischaracterized by NE-striking thrust faults and folds. Neozoic faulted grabens at the Jiyang depression is produced by block extrusion under the pure compression, controlled by NWW- and near EW-striking, spatially interlocked, basement-involved faults at the border of the Meso-Neozoic basin. The NW- and near EW-striking faults are depression-controlled faults with large amount of extension and listric fault planes. However, the NE-striking faults appeared some strike-slip or transfer faults with large dip angle and little extensional displacement. The Jiyang depression appears present-day the architecture of the overlapping at the south and the faulting at the north, which and north- or northwest-dipping monocline mountains composed a pattern of basin and range.By comparison to the Yanshanian and Neozoic deformations in the same depression, it is found that many earlier structures are enhanced and reformed in the later evolutionary stages. However, the strikes of the old and new structures are characterized by the inheritage. But their fault property has been changed. For example, The Yanshanian reverse faults in the Jiyang depression have been changed into the tranfer faults playing a role of accomadation of strain. Obviously the basement structure controlled that of the Neozoic sedimentary cover, and controlled the paleogeographic pattern of the sedimentary cover and the migration direction of hydrocarbon. Therefore, the study on the basement structure and its reformation is benefit and important to finding "Neozoic-generated and Paleozoic-accumulated " and "Paleozoic-generated and accumulated" types of hydrocarbon reservoirs.The research results suggest that the covers of the buried hills in the Jiyang depression have multi-eras (including Paleozoic, Mezozoic and Neozoic) and multi-types (mainly including mudstone) of stable and widely-distributed trapping sedimentary series. The limestone and dolomite of lower Plaeozoic are good coverage. The regional coverage includes Carboniferious and Permian such as gray shale and mudstone, purple iron-bearing shale and aluminothermics of the Benxi Formation, half lacustrine-lacustrine dark mudstone of the Shasan Member. The local coverages include Ordovician marine carbonites, Middle- and lower-Jurassic coal and gray mudstone, purple-gray green mudstone of the Shasi Member and Kongdian Formation. Because ofthe intensive weathering and tectonic activity, the reservoir types and properties are very good. The carbonites have large number of secondary hole, structural fracture and eroded cave and hole. The accumulated space is characterized by the multiple types, complex textures and un-homogeneous distribution. The debritris of the lower Shihezi Formation is composed of good fracture, inter-grained hole, intra-grained hole and others. The buried-hill type of traps formed later, from Ed-stage in the south and Nm-stage in the north of the Jiyang depression to Ed-Nm-stage in the Bozhong depression. This paper also proposes three buried hill types, i.e. the rise-type, gentle-slope-type and scarp-type based on the structural sites. The oil sources of Paleozoic and Neozoic mainly focus on the Dongying, Zhanghua, Chezhen and Huimin sags, in which the thickness of lower Tertiary is summed up to more than 3000 meters. They underwent multiple-stage histories of oil generation. The later Early Permian to the end of middle Triassic is the first gas-generating stage. The middle- and late Jurassic is the second gas-generating stage. The third oil-generating stage is Neozoic. The oil mainly trends to migrate into the south gentle slope and rise. The synthetic assessment suggests that the rise in the depression or the uplift near the sags and the slope or the buried hills on the slope with reverse dip direction to the direction of strata are favorable targets of the buried hill-type reservoirs. Especially it is important that the exploration is focused on the south gentle slope in the Jiyang depression.更多还原