【作者】 宁本涛；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育学， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 学校经营是指专门提供教育服务的学校组织从自身行为特征出发，以提高办学资源效率和效益为根本目的，以教育资源多层次优化配置、整合为基本途径，所进行的一系列筹划、营谋活动。随着我国教育体制改革的不断深化和转型，有关学校经营的效率和效益问题日益成为教育政策关注的一个重要问题。本文以新制度经济学的制度分析为基础，并结合案例研究和文献研究的方法，从理论和实践两个层面，对当前学校经营的范畴、经济动因、理论依据以及发展模式进行初步的理论分析和实证描述，并在此基础上提出学校有效经营的产权制度环境和内部治理结构。本文根据学校资金投入和管理方式的不同，将我国学校经营大致划分为五种主要模式：即以私人筹资、以学养学为特征的民办学校滚动经营模式；以集团投资、以产养学为特征的民办学校连锁经营模式；以公民合作、优势互补为特征的公立学校转制经营模式；以校产国有、个人承办为特征的公立学校特许经营模式以及以股份筹资、专家治理为特征的学校教育股份制经营模式，并对每种模式产生的社会背景、制度优势和面临的主要问题及发展前景进行了具体分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 School operating means that a series of strategy and management of school as an education service sector for its running efficiency and benefit As the change and revolution of our educational system, the school operating is becoming an important problem of education policy studying. This article based on the new institution economics, theoretically and empirically describes the name, economic causes, and development models of school operating in China with the case studying and literature studying, moreover the author put forward some useful advises on institution environment and structure of school operating.According to the differences in institutional financing and running, this article classifies the establishment and development of school operating in China into five models: Founded by tuition and operated by private person, Founded by enterprise and operated by educational chain, State-round schoolprivatization, State-round school concessive running, operation by educational stock system. It analyses the establishment social background, existence rationale ,main characteristics ,encountering development problems, and future development of the five models. Even though different models have different background, institutional predominance and limits, they all indicate their ability to effectively accommodate to and utilize market mechanism to promote the efficiency and benefit of school operating..更多还原