【作者】 张洪；

【导师】 于兴河；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 此论文主要从高分辨率层序地层学、沉积相和沉积体系的研究、构造及成岩作用等诸方面的研究对欧北-大湾地区储层建立了模式，并对主要目的层沙三段不同时期的储层优劣进行了评价，主要包括以下内容： 1、对欧北-大湾地区的构造背景和构造演化进行了探讨，详细分析了研究区存在的主要构造样式，并说明了构造演化控制层序和沉积体系的形成和展布，构造样式控制着圈闭和油气藏的形成。认为工区沙三段在区域构造的影响下，经历了断陷—深陷及缓升期，这种构造演化规律对层序和沉积体系的形成和展布产生巨大影响：在沙三中随着可容纳空间的加大，形成了一套退积层序，对应的主要沉积体系是湖相和陡坡型扇三角洲；沙三上是可容纳空间变小的过程，形成了进积型的层序组合，对应着规模巨大的缓坡型扇三角洲沉积体系。构造样式在平面组合形式上有平行状、树枝状、复合叉形、网格状及鼻状构造5种类型，在剖面上有犁式断裂、阶梯状构造及花状断裂构造3种，它对圈闭及油气藏的形成起控制作用。 2、首次将高分辨率层序地层学的基本理论应用于研究区，在分析岩芯、测井资料及三维地震资料基础上建立了层序地层等时格架。首先通过地震资料划分三级层序，并初步划分四级层序，再通过岩芯和测井资料详细划分四级和五级层序，然后在四级层序的划分与对比基础上，建立了沙三段的层序地层格架，最后提供了工区9口井四级层序的具体划分方案及分层数据。 3、在层序研究的基础上，以储层沉积学作为理论基础，分析了研究区沉积相和沉积体系的分布，并建立了模式。以划分的四级层序作为作图单位，绘制了工区平面等值线图，并在此基础上研究了工区沉积相的分布，并得出结论：在欧39、欧44井区，沙三中和沙三上均发育有扇三角洲沉积，前者具以惯性因素控制的陡坡型为特点，分布范围相对较小，位于欧39井以北的地区；而后者以摩擦因素控制的缓坡型为特色，分布范围广；而沙三下在该区则发育了一套浊积扇体，这一规律正好体现了构造演化特点对沉积充填型式及沉积体系展布的控制作用，即从楔状快速堆积—退积叠加到缓慢进积的充填规律。在以上认识的基础上，首次建立了工区沙三下、中、上沉积相展布模式。 4、在对工区主要火山岩储层—粗面岩研究的基础上，提出了该区火山岩储层的成因机制及其模式。研究表明，粗面岩SiO₂含量较高，流动性小，容易形成巨厚的岩钟或岩锥，对成藏有利，同时其位于构造高部位，由于其大部在水面之上，冷却时间长，易于从容结晶，同时还有大量裂缝作为储集和渗滤的空间，使其成为良好的储层。进一步研究给出了黄沙坨火山岩油藏的成藏模式，并指出其供油方式是侧生式，生储盖组合则为自生、自储、自盖式。 5、研究了以欧39井沙三下为代表的储层的成岩作用，为评判储层的优劣提供了依据。本区主要发育了两套烃源岩，即沙三中段的暗色泥岩和沙三上段的煤系地层，它们在工区的两个主要生油洼陷—于家房子洼陷和黄沙坨洼陷都有分布，且厚度巨大。研究证明，沙三中暗色泥岩是有利的烃源岩，该套泥岩分布范围广、厚度和理深较大，且有机质丰度高、类型好、演化程度高，为本区油气供给提供了可靠的物质保障。从成岩作川研究的结果来看，该区沙三段的成岩阶段为早成岩BPP和晚成岩A期，铁匠炉地区全为晚成岩A期，欧北和大湾地区在2650m以上为早成岩B期，2650m以下为晚成岩A期，这就造成了其次生孔隙的分布不同。 6、确立了将三维地震资料的约束反演和储层综合研究结合起来进行储层评价和预测的方法，并据此对研究区的储层进行了评价。在储层综合研究的基础之上，利用工区三维地震资料所做的约束反演结果，可以对储层进行评价：从沙三上和沙三下储层展布的比较上看，沙三下砂体远优于沙三上砂体，主要表现为厚度大，分布广泛；而且通过对欧39井成岩作用的研究，此套砂体的储集物性非常好，由此可推断沙三下储层的勘探潜力巨大，尤其在欧5井区和铁匠炉地区，这套储层作为新的勘探领域应引起人们的足够重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Oubei-Dawan, belonging to the eastern depression of Liaohe basin, is a new exploration field found recently in Liaohe basin. There are various reservior and oilfield types. The objectives of this study are mainly clearing about the petroleum pools’ distribution whose features like the well Ou39 and lava petroleum pools’, and directing the future explorition in the middle area of the eastern depression using the result of this study.. This paper, applying Sequence Stratigraphy, through studying on sedimental faices and running the sedimental model, obtained the reservior’s distributing feature of the whole depression whose centre is the well Ou39. This work obtained the distribution scenario of Ou39’s fan-delta’s sandbody and the favrable-explorating area to afford the evidences for production.It is necessary to give the structural background of the studied area, especially, the concept of the structural style is also important to the study of the development to the deposition and sedimentary system.It is most important to define the sequence boundary and the maximum flood surface for sequence classification. Sequence boundary is the turn-point of the falling and rising of the baselevel. The maximum flood surface is the turn-point of the rising and falling of the baselevel. Once these two surfaces are defined, a intergrated sequence can be classificated. The principle of this area’s sequence classfication is using seismic data to classificate the third-sequences. A middle good-quality reservior cycle is a fourth-sequence, and a short cycle is a fifth-sequence. Based on it, we subdivide the third member of Shehejie Formation into 3 third-sequences and 12 fourth-sequences.According to the cores and seismic data, the most important facies is fan-delta in this area, mainly developing in the top member and the bottom member developing turbidite-fan. Major faults’ moving intensively led to deep strata sinking. The depositional centre was still in the centre techtonic zone. The lacus continuously extended. Most of this area was shallow-lake, semi-deep lake and deep lake sedimentary environment, except that the area around the well Ou44 was a set of steep-slope fan-delta and the Dawan area was a set of small-scale fan-delta.There were fan-delta, turbidite-fan, shallow-lake, shore-marsh, semideep-lake and volcano-debris facies. In the area of the well Ou39 and Ou44, fan-deltas developed both in the middle and the top strata of the third member of the Shahejie Formation. The former lies in the north area of the well Ou39, belonging to the steep-slope style which was controled by inertia factor. Its range is relatively small. The latter’s range is broad, belonging to the gentle-slope style. The bottom stratum developed a set of turbidite-fan. The rule represents the tectonic evolution feature’s controling to the depositional infilling styles and facies’ distribution. In Dawan area, the top and the middle strata of the Shahejie Formation also developed a set offan-delta sediment similar to the bottom of the Shahejie Formation, but the scale is significantly smaller.Through predicting and estimating the third member of Shahejie Formation, this paper pointed that the fan delta front of the top third member Shahejie Formation in Oubei area is a good-quality reservior sand-body, which was proved by the practical production. The upper fan-delta and the lower turbidite-fan sand-body are also good-quality reserviors. The further study on the fan is very important for the future explorition. The fan delta front around the well Tie 16 is worse than the bottom Shahejie Formation’s fan. The reservior’s quality in the Dawan area is relatively bad.更多还原