【作者】 冯治汉；

【导师】 李金铭； 徐家乐；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 本论文在查阅了大量资料的基础上，系统研究了国内外综合物化探勘探及解释方法的现状及发展，认为目前综合物化探解释主要朝四个方向发展，即定量化、模型化、系统化和GIS的综合应用。 目前应用最多的工具型地理信息系统是美国ESRI公司的ARC／INFO、PCARC／INFO、ArcView和MapInfo公司的MapInfo、我国中地公司的MapGlS和吉奥公司的GeoStar等，它们各有特点、功能不同、使用方法及范围不一。本论文选择ArcView GIS作为基础平台，除利用ArcView GIS的基本功能(如邻域分析、空间数据处理、表面分析、模型构造器等)外，开发了适合于区域地球物理地球化学综合解释的功能模块，如水文功能、区域地球化学背景分析、位场变换、地图投影变换、相关场分析、栅格数据处理、Kriging及Trend插值器等。 对数据作合理的处理，是开展综合信息解释研究工作的前提和基础。地质数据预处理，就是在深入研究测区的地质资料的基础上，对地质体进行单元划分、选择模型单元和预测单元、提取地质变量并赋值，最后对赋过值的地质单元利用GIS进行网格化。地理数据处理主要是统一地图投影变换和为分析解释重砂和化探异常进行的汇水盆地图的编制。区域重磁资料的数据处理主要是进行位场变换。区域化探资料处理主要是进行数据预处理、背景分析、相关场分析、多元统计分析等。 综合信息矿产预测应遵循各学科的基本原理，是通过地质、物化探等资料的综合信息解释，提取并综合与成矿作用有关的信息，编制综合信息矿产预测系列图件的方式实现的。对区域重磁资料的解释就是利用位场变换结果，是通过不同延拓高度的水平一阶导数、垂向二阶导数图的解释，再进行水平和垂向关联，编制区域物探构造图的方式实现。区域地球化学资料的综合解释就是利用各种统计方法，通过研究区内地球化学元素组合，提取地球化学异常实现的。 综合信息矿产预测图是以地质图为基础，通过地质规律的分析，在地质先验前提下，对物探、化探、重砂和遥感等资料进行综合解释，以地质体为目标，对各种综合信息进行关联，提取与研究对象有关的信息编制而成。把这些综合性信息作为矿产资源分布规律的综合性标志，即构成了综合信息矿产预测图的基本内容。 综合信息找矿，就是对基底、岩体、地层、构造等与矿产的关系进行深入研究的基础上，剖析典型矿床，提出找矿模型，选择地质、物探、化探等找矿手段，归纳找矿标志，进而预测资源量。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study worked over exploration and explaining method at integrating geophysics and geochemistry and looked back the past and forward to the future in the foundation of referring to a lot of information. The integrating explaining of geophysics and geochemistry will develop to four way: fix quantify and model and systematization and application of CIS.The most applied geography information system are ARC/INFO and PC ARC/INFO and Arc View made in ESRI company and Maplnfo made in Maplnfo company in USA and MapGIS and GeoStar made in China, they differ from characteristic and function and using method and used range. This study choosed Arc View GIS by way of foundation platform and developed the function modules for region geophysics and geochemistry (for example hydrological function and background analyst for region geochemistry and transformation for potency field and transformation of map projection and correlation analyst and grid data treating and inserter for Kriging and Trend and so on ) except using the basic functions of Arc View GIS(e.g. neighbour analyst and spatial data treating and surface analyst and model constructor and so on).The treating for every data is precondition and foundation of researching works at integrating information explaining. It is the geological data pretreatment to set off cells of geological body and to select model and forecast cells and to pick up and to evaluate geological variable, the evaluated geological cells are finally gridded by GIS. It is the geographical data pretreatment to unite the map projection and to workout map of catchment basin for analyst and explaining anomaly of sand and geochemistry. It is the region gravity and magnetism data pretreatment to transform the potency field data. It is the region geochemistry pretreatment to pretreat the originality data and to analyze the background and correlation filed and statistics data.Integrating information forecast for mine ought to follow the keystone of every subject and will be accomplished through integrating information explaining of geological and geophysical and geochemical data and picking-up and colligating some information concerned with mine and working out series maps of integrating information forecast for mine. The explaining for region gravity and magnetic data is accomplished by using result of potency field transformation through level and vertical relating with level one-difference of several height and vertical two-difference and working out construct map of region geophysics. The integrating explaining of region geochemistry data is accomplished by using some statistics method through researching geochemical element group in our area and picking up the geochemical anomaly.Mine forecast map of integrating information is accomplished by analyzing geological disciplinarian according to geological map and integrating explaining for geophysical and geochemical and sand and remote sense data and relating every integrating information to geological body and picking up information related with researched body. The basic matter ofmine forecast of integrating information is composed with the integrating sign of distributing disciplinarian of mine.Finding mine with integrating information is taking apart model ore field and bringing forward model to find mine and choosing measure of geology and geophysics and geochemistry and concluding the sign to find mine and forecasting resource on the basis of researching the relation of ore with older base and rock and stratum and construct.更多还原