【作者】 傅志中；

【导师】 李在铭；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 由于主动毫米波和被动红外的性能具有好的互补特性，使得主动毫米波／被动红外复合制导成为一种理想的智能制导技术，它能够大大提高精确制导装备的智能化水平和作战能力，并被广泛应用于末制导系统中。 该类系统具有成本低廉、便携性好、发射方式灵活和跟踪性能良好等特点。在70年代中后期，红外探测器技术有了大的发展，尤其是小型化红外光机导引头的成功开发，使红外制导技术有了重大发展。进入80年代后，该领域着重研究多波段、多色和多模融合识别技术。 该类系统的研究涉及红外物理学，多维随机信号处理，图像分析以及高速数字信号处理技术等多门学科，特别是涉及到图像分析中视频图像序列目标特征描述、检测、识别、跟踪理论与技术研究。 本文研究远程红外目标识别特征，玫瑰扫描亚成像与目标检测，快速目标识别跟踪技术及小型化系统的研制等，并在此基础上进行了系统实验，取得了良好的结果。 本文讨论红外辐射基本特性，大气红外传输，红外探测器特性和红外场高分辨率成像与扫描集成成像机理等。建立了红外场噪声与目标干扰模型。分析了玫瑰线扫描系统的时空分辨率特性，为亚图像目标检测、识别跟踪技术提供了理论基础。 论文提出了多帧累积亚图像目标检测模型、图像空间变换、分割区域的识别和亚图像跟踪模型。对焦平面纤外图像提出了一种概率场目标检测技术。 论文研究了最佳相位控制多帧集成亚成像与多帧惯性亚成像技术。这些技术能有效地提高观测空间的成像覆盖率以及对目标的正确检测概率。 论文研究了单帧亚图像快速目标检测技术，该技术能大大提高系统快速发现目标的能力，给出目标方位。 论文应用MARKOV随机场的局部约束特性，从红外图像背景概率场角度，提出了基于背景自适应估计的红外焦平面图像目标检测技术。 上述理论与技术研究，在国防领域中获得了成功应用。本文完成了高性价比的小型化制导跟踪器实验系统，并交付使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because the active millimeter wave and passive infrared system arc complementary to each other, the millimeter wave and infrared combined system is one of the best technical choices in the future intelligent guidance. It greatly improves the level of intelligentiz.ation and fighting competence of weapons, and is widely applied in end guidance systems.This type of systems possesses the advantages of low cost, good portability, shooting facility, and good tracking performance. In the middle or late of 1970s’, with the great development of infrared detection technology and the successful use of miniature infrared optic scanner, the infrared guidance technology has gained great improvement. In 1980s’, the research is focused on the multi-waveband, multi-color and multi-mode fusing recognition technology.The research of these systems involves in the branches such as infrared physics, multi-dimension random signal processing, image processing and high speed digital signal processing technology, and so on; especially it involves in the feature description, target detection, recognition and tracking for the video image signal.In the dissertation are discussed the infrared video object recognition features, the infrared rosette scan subimage technology, the fast object recognition and tracking technology and the design-consideration of miniature system, etc. Based on those, system experimenting is made and good results are shown.In the dissertation are analy/ed the basic characteristics of infrared radiation, infrared transmission characteristics, the infrared detector, infrared imaging of high resolution and the scan integration. Then infrared field noises model and target-disturbing model are put forward. In the dissertation are also studied the time-space resolution features of the rosette scan system and discussed the theoretical basis for the subimage target detection, recognition and tracking technologies.Furthermore, the multi-frame accumulation infrared subimage target detection model, image space transformation, segmented region recognition and infrared subimage tracking model are proposed in the dissertation. A random field target detection technology for infrared focal plane array (FPA) imaging is also proposed.In the dissertation are investigated the optimal phascshift controlling technology in multi-frame integration and the multi-frame inertiul imaging technology. These technologies improve the overlay ratio and the resolving power of the observation space, and the target correct detection probability.The last target detection technology discussed in the dissertation based on a single frame greatly improves the fast target discovering ability of the system, andindicates the location of the target as well.The application of the neighbor Markov random field has been analyzed in the dissertation. From the angle, the infrared FPA imaging target detection technology based on the adaptive background estimation is also proposed.These theories and technologies discussed above are successfully applied to the relevant projects national defense. The miniature guidance tracking system with high performance and low cost is realized, and has been put in use.更多还原