【作者】 李淑君；

【导师】 李坚；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 木材科学与技术， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 木陶瓷的研究是在“高效利用木材资源，利用可再生资源创生新材料，减少不可再生资源消耗，保护地球环境”的立意下开展的。木陶瓷是一种原料价格低廉，制造成本合理，性能优异，用途广泛，具有广阔的开发应用前景的新型炭材料。此项研究在国内还几乎为空白。 本研究采用酚醛树脂浸渍木质材料，经过高温烧结制得木陶瓷产品，并对产品得率、性能、影响因素、微观结构以及烧结过程中的化学变化等进行了分析，并探讨了阻燃处理提高产品性能的可能性。产品得率、性能和炭材料组成等受树脂浓度和烧结温度影响较大。 采用低温氮吸附法分析了木陶瓷的孔隙结构，实验证明未处理样品吸附能力很差，酚醛树脂处理为炭化物引入较多的微孔，吸附能力得到改善。 通过SEM观察，酚醛树脂对木材细胞壁有润胀、填充作用，从而增强细胞壁，很多树脂填充于交错纤维间的空隙中，增强了纤维与纤维间的结合。 本实验首次采用原子力显微镜（AFM）观察了大青杨木材和固化酚醛树脂样品的表面形态。炭化使样品的表面粗糙度增加10倍以上。 首次利用热重-差示扫描量热-傅立叶红外（TG-DSC-FTIR）分析技术对木陶瓷烧结过程中的化学变化进行了分析，酚醛树脂处理中密度板样品的热分解基本上为中密度板和酚醛树脂的热分解之和。样品在800℃之前的热处理过程中持续发生分解，因而得率和产品性能变化较大。800℃之后变化较少，产品性能基本稳定。 尝试阻燃剂复合酚醛树脂处理样品制取木陶瓷，样品的体积变化和部分性能与其同树脂浓度无阻燃处理样品基本相似。阻燃剂的添加，改变了木陶瓷烧结过程中的热分解机理，虽然提高了得率，但是基本不能提高炭化材料强度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Efficiently utilizing wood, making new materials with the reproducible material, and reducing the consuming of irreproducible to protect our environment, is the aim of the study on Woodceramics(WCS). The row material for WCS is cheap and the cost of manufacturing is acceptable. The new porous carbon material has so many good characteristics that WCS can be used widely in many fields. However, it had hardly been studied in China.In this study, WCS was obtained by carbonizing wood material impregnated with PF resin without oxygen. The yield, properties, effect factors, microstructure of the products and the chemical reaction were analyzed. And the possibility of modification of WCS by a fire retardant treatment was discussed. The PF resin concentration and sintering temperature effected very evidently on its yield, properties and components as a carbon material.The N2 absorption experiment at low temperature shows that, the absorption properties of the charcoal sample was very poor. PF resin bringed a lot of micropores into the products and improved its absorption properties.SEM photographs indicate PF resin was filled in the wall of the wood cell and strengthened it, and more resins were filled in the interspace of wood fibers and fastened them.The microcosmic surface shape of the Populus Ussziriensis wood, the solidified PF resin, and the carbonization products were first observed by AFM. Carbonization made them 10 times rougher.For the first time, the chemical reactions of the samples during sintering were analyzed by TG-DSC-FTIR. The pyrolyzation of MDF treated with PF resin included pyrolyzation of MDF and PF resin. The chemical reactions happened continuously under 800 C, so the yield and properties of the products were changed obviously. Up 800 C, they were stabilized.Originally, the WCS modified by a fire retardant was studied. Their changes in volume and some properties were similar to those of the sample treated with PF resin only. There was fire retardant effect on the pyrolyzation mechanism. It might enhance the yield of the products, but not the strength.更多还原