【作者】 王蔚；

【导师】 魏春雨；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 建筑学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 在当今社会的发展过程中能源、环境、土地等因素已经成为制约建筑领域进一步发展的主要障碍,科技的进步带给人类的不仅仅是前所未有的消费驱动力,还伴随着不可估量的资源消耗和环境恶化。在未来任何领域中的标准、制度、技术、观念都将逐渐地开始发生转变,建筑设计领域也是如此,提高建筑设计的水平,有效对接工业化和绿色化标准是未来建筑优化设计领域必然的趋势。本论文以模块化策略作为未来建筑设计发展趋势的切入点展开研究,结合当前建筑设计的发展趋势,积极探索模块化对建筑设计理念的影响,深入挖掘出有效的技术策略。本论文的研究体系主要通过以下几个方面展开：第一方面,进行模块化设计策略理论体系梳理。主要从宏观层面上来讨论模块化设计理论与建筑设计之间的依承关系,阐述了现阶段城市化进程中建筑设计理论受其影响后的发展,解释了模块化设计理论的概念与应用现状,梳理了现阶段模块化设计在建筑设计、建造及解决社会问题等方面的作用,提出系统性的研究框架体系,为后续设计实践研究提供理论基础与指引。第二方面,主要以模块化策略在建筑优化设计中的应用过程展开。针对模块化设计理论如何系统地应用到建筑设计中进行扩展式的研究分析,包含两点内容：首先通过借鉴工业及产品设计领域的经典案例如制造、航空、交通等领域来有效的诠释集成式模块化设计、系列式模块化设计、典型模块化优化设计三种策略的表现特性,从而建立模块化设计中的评价体系,为模块化理论在建筑设计领域打下有效的研究基础；其次通过研究分析,把建筑设计模块化策略研究分别界定为宏观层面和微观层面的设计应用,以这两个设计研究方向为突破口,同时有预见性地提出未来模块化建筑发展趋势。结合相关计算机软件来完成一些特殊环境空间的辅助设计过程。第三方面,围绕模块化策略在三种建筑类型的优化设计实践展开。本方面的研究内容选择了典型也最为可能在实践工程中出现和应用的三种设计类型方向如：住宅户型设计中的优化、复杂性空间的设计、集装箱建筑空间设计,来探索模块化建筑设计之路。模块化策略在住宅户型设计中可持续性研究通过住宅户型模块化设计在住宅产业化中的作用进行阐述,分析了历史上众多建筑户型模块化设计对于工业化建筑的便捷性、经济性、节约性等优势要素,同时也研究了一些当前国际和国内的主流户型模块化设计实践案例,如百年住居建设理念和IFD住宅体系理论。通过以上分析之后发现,在户型设计中“以人为本”是户型模块化设计好坏的关键所在,而人体工程学无论从空间环境、心理因素还是行为活动上,都为功能空间模块的衍生研究提供了理论支撑,从而为户型设计中各种功能模块选取提供科学合理的判断依据。同时以湖南省建设厅组织的“中小户型设计竞赛”为实践案例,通过进行调研及数据研究,对各种功能模块的需求进行了分析列表,总结一些有效功能空间模块,利用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process)来解决混乱的各种功能空间模块的组合,推演出三种有效合理户型；并对三种户型进行了风环境和光环境的实验分析,以验证其功能环境及使用布局是否合理。模块化策略应对复杂性空间的设计研究,首先通过分析和挖掘出传统设计策略中的建筑图式设计和开放式设计原则的设计思想；其次针对模块化在复杂性空间定位设计展开初步设计研究,重点放在功能空间模块定位、枢纽空问模块定位、辅助空间模块定位三个方面进行“线索式”设计研究。最后则是通过拆分式认知设计、包容式认知设计、序列化认知设计三个层面研究方向阐述模块化在复杂性空问的认知设计。以长丰动力有限公司办公楼建筑模块化设计为研究案例进行设计实践,通过项目背景和需求调研,构建出相对应的模块化设计体系,进行所需功能空间模块的分类和体量关系的定位,建立相关的分析模型,利用模糊综合评价方法(Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method)来解决所需功能模块空间的衍生研究,从而更好的确定出与每层相对应的功能空间组合,并进行了长丰办公楼内部腔体功能模块的生态分析。在集装箱为空间模块的建筑设计研究上,首先针对国内外集装箱建筑的发展与形成进行系统的阐述,分析了集装箱建筑的特性及现阶段应用的发展趋势,其次研究和总结出了集装箱建筑设计中的循环策略、集装箱建筑模块化设计的基本原理、集装箱模块的优化组合实践三个方面为集装箱建筑的模块化体系构建了科学依据；同时与湖南省湖南住房和城乡建设厅组织的“保障性住房设计竞赛”结合提出集装箱青年公寓的设计构想,以马赛公寓为参照进行模块化设计,利用计算机汇编语言设置多种组合置入Rhino软件来解决复杂性立面造型及工业化施工的推演与评估,同时引入通过计算机虚拟技术进行了指标验证,对集装箱青年公寓风环境进行了实验分析补充。最后本文在理论研究和实践探索的基础上,对模块化设计策略在建筑优化设计中的应用研究进行了成果提炼与总结,发掘出模块化策略的优势,进行有体系、有规则、有理论的设计研究,提炼整理并且提出了一套具有科学理论或依据的设计辅助和实验数据,为建筑的工业化建造、空间优化、循环设计三个方向提供一些有益的设计参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modular theory has been deeply affecting the key issues of the building design and construction since its birth. The development of the present society has brought to human not only the unprecedented purchasing power, but also the inestimable resource consumption and environmental degradation, making energy, environment, and land slowly become the major obstacles in the further development of the construction sector. In the future, in any field, standard, system, technology, and concepts will gradually begin to change, so as in the field of building design. Improving the level of the architectural design and effectively docking industrialization architecture and green architecture are the main direction and inevitable trend of future architectural design field. This paper takes modularization theory as the development trend of the future architectural design, excavate the effective technical strategy, and positively explore the influence of the modular design concept on building design.This paper mainly covers the following several parts:The first part mainly includes the review of the theoretical system of modular design strategy. The dependency relationship between modular theory and architecture design from a macroscopic view, the influence of modular theory on the development of architecture design in the urbanization process, the concept and application status of modular theory, the significance that the modular design has in architectural design and construction, and resolving social contradictions are illustrated, thus putting forward the research framework to theoretically guide the further design of research.The second part is mainly about the application process of modular strategy in the optimization of architectural design. There is an extensional analysis on how the modular theory is applied systematically in the architectural design concerning two aspects:first, through the analysis of the classic case in industrialized areas such as manufacturing, aviation, and transportation to effectively define the characteristics of the three typical strategies----integrated modular design, series type modular design, and typical cases modular design, thus establishing an evaluation system of modular design which laid an solid foundation for modular theory in construction design field; then, architecture design modularization can be devised into two research directions: the design applications of macroscopic level and microcosmic field, and the two design directions are served as breakthrough to predictably put forward the trend of future modular architecture. Relevant computer softwares are used to complete some of the special space-aided design process.The third part is mainly about the optimization design of modular strategy in the three different types of architecture which are classics and are most likely to be the agents of the application of modular strategy:residential type, complicated type, and container type.The sustainable research of modular strategy in the design of residential type is achieved through the illustration of the effects that modularized residential type has in industrialized housing area. Many designs of modularized housing type are analyzed concerning the advantages it has on industrialized architectures:convenient and economy; and some current international and domestic modular design practice cases, such as one hundred residence construction idea and IFD housing system theory, are studied. The conclusion can be drawn from the above analysis that the idea of people first is the key of modular design, no matter it is viewed from space environment, psychological factors or behavior, human engineering can be the theory basis as a function of the space module derivative research, which can provide scientific and reasonable judgment basis to all sorts of function module in household design. At the same time, this paper takes a design competition for small and medium-sized household for example, and the competition is organized by Construction Department of Hunan Province in2008. Through survey and data analysis, a demand list of all sorts of function module is made. And after analyzing the effective function space module by AHP, we got three kinds of effective and reasonable family model, and then did experimental analysis of air environment and light environment to them to check whether they are reasonable.As to the research of modular design’s answers to complicated space design, first, the design idea of construction scheme design and open design principle in the traditional design strategy is found out; Then, a primary design research is conducted concerning modularization in complicated space positioning, focusing on the following three aspects:the function space module orientation, hub space module orientation, and auxiliary space module positioning。At last, this paper illustrate the cognitive design of modularization in complicated spaces through three research directions:cognitive fraction design, inclusive type cognitive design, and serialization cognitive design. In this part, the case of office building of Chang Feng Power LTD. is taken as the modular design practice. By studying the project background, the positioning of relationship of function space module size and the classification of the function space module corresponding on the modular design system are determined, and at the same time, by establishing relevant analysis model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to do the derivative research of function module of the space, a better function space allocation of each floor and an ecological analysis of the internal function module of the office building of Chang Feng Power LTD. are determined.When comes to the research of module architecture design for container space, this paper first analyzes the container types and characteristics as well as the present application development trends of the container architecture by systemically introducing the development and forming of domestic and international container architecture. Then, through the studying and summarizing of the circular strategy of container architectural design, the basic principles of the modular design of container architecture, and container module’s optimization practice, a scientific basis for the research of container modular building construction system are structured. And after combining some ideas from the affordable housing design competition organized by the Construction Department of Hunan Province, the design idea of the youth apartment container building is put forward. The modular design is achieved with references to the Marseille apartments, and computer assembly language is adopted to set a variety of combinations to place in RHINO software to address the complexity in surface design and the deduction and evaluation in industrialized construction. Besides, computer virtual technology is introduced to verify indicators so as to provide experimental analysis supplements on wind environment experiment on the youth apartment container building.And finally, this paper summarizes the application research results of modularization design strategy in the optimization architecture design based on the theoretical study and practical exploration, and discovers the the advantages of modular strategy. And then a systematical, rule-governed, and theoretical-based design research is carried out to abstract and put forward a scientific-based auxiliary strategy of scientific design and experimental data and to provide some beneficial reference to the industrialization construction, space optimization, and industrial circular design.更多还原