【作者】 赵道静；

【导师】 蒋志学； 陈林祥；

【作者基本信息】 武汉体育学院 ， 运动训练理论， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 我国体育科技事业经过六十多年的发展，在体育科研队伍建设、科研机构设置、科研规划制定等方面均取得丰硕的成果，体育科技对促进我国竞技体育发展做出了突出贡献。新的历史时期下建设体育强国要求体育科技成果不仅要向竞技体育运动成绩转化，更要服务于群众体育，促进体育产业的发展。因此，如何改革体育科技管理体制和运行机制以保障体育科技成果向竞技体育、群众体育和体育产业的顺利转化是新时期下体育大国向体育强国转变目标对体育科技工作提出的新课题。本研究首先对我国体育科技成果、科研人员相关信息进行了整理。基于科技成果库、专利库以及科技人才库对当前我国体育科技发展以及科技成果转化现状进行了分析。采用问卷调查以及实地调查方法分析了当前我国体育科技成果转化中存在的问题。建立机制设计模型，采用专家调查法和模糊综合评价法对当前我国群众体育科技成果转化模式选择进行了理论分析。结合现状分析和理论分析，系统提出我国体育科技成果转化机制。最后根据研究结论，针对体育科技管理层面提出相应的对策。主要研究结论如下：1、利用成果库以及专利库信息，分析得出我国2000-2009年体育科技成果应用率为17.76%，其中竞技体育科技成果应用率34.4%，群众体育科技成果应用率7.4%，体育产业科技成果应用率32.54%。同期我国科技成果的应用率为46%。2、利用体育事业统计年鉴，建立柯布·道格拉斯生产函数，回归拟合出索罗余值法体育产业科技贡献率测算模型，得出我国1999-2009年科技贡献率为44.32%。3、我国体育科技存在以下问题：科技成果总量少、水平低；科技资源在体育事业内部、区域之间分布不均衡；科技成果知识扩展途径少；科技资源中硬资源不硬、软实力不够；体育科技经费在体育事业费中比重低且出现下降趋势；科研经费渠道单一；体育科技人才队伍中科学灵魂人物和技术创新人才缺乏。4、我国体育科技成果转化存在科技成果管理工作缺失、科技成果转化服务体系不健全、科技成果转化机制不健全等问题。5、国外体育科技成果转化存在的经验有：政府重视基础研究；具有健全的科技成果转化服务体系；重视知识产权的保护；企业、科研机构和大学是科技成果的来源基地。6、基于协同管理理论，在机制设计中，竞技体育科技成果转化应以“需求和利益”为重点，据此设计了竞技体育科技成果转化的运行机制和保障机制；群众体育科技成果转化应选择“规模”做为序参数进行制度设计；体育产业科技成果转化应重点解决供给、需求、服务支持三个层面的问题。根据研究提出主要的对策建议如下：1、重视科技成果管理，加强科技成果的收集、整理、分类和评价。建立纳入专利的科技成果管理新机制。基于协同管理的思想，对体育科技成果转化实行分类下的序参量管理，各有侧重，力求突破。2、加强自主知识产权的研究，制定自主知识产权的鉴定、管理办法。创新科技成果推广机制，建立志愿者推广的新制度。加强对产学研联合体的研究，制定促进产学研联合的引导机制。3、整合科技资源，制定竞技体育、群众体育、体育产业科技成果转化的联动机制。加强研究，科学论证，建立适合我国体育事业发展国情的科技成果转化支持、保障体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 After about60years development, there are so many achievements in the construction ofthe sports scientific human resources, scientific research institutions establishment and sportsscientific research plan. Sports science and technology made a big promotion in sports of China.Under the new historical period sports science and technology achievements not only betransformed into the sports performance, but also be transformed into National physical fitnessand GDP. So how to reform the sports scientific and technological management system andoperational mechanism to make sports science and technology achievements better service thedevelopment of athletic sport, mass sport and sports industry is a new research topic in new era.First collected the sports scientific and technologic achievement and the information ofpatents and sports scientific human resources and construct the library of achievements, patentsand human resources of china. Based on the library analyzed the status of the development ofsports science and technology and the status of the transformation of sports scientific andtechnologic achievements. Using the questionnaire survey method and investigation method toanalysis the problems in the transformation of sports scientific and technologic achievements.Established the mechanism design model, using expert investigation method and fuzzycomprehensive evaluation method to make a theoretical analysis of how to select a suitableachievements transformation mechanism in mass sport. Combining with the current analysisand theoretical analysis, proposed the transformation mechanism of sports scientific andtechnological achievements. At the last, according to the research put forward the correspondingcountermeasures for sports science and technology managers.The main research conclusions are as follows:1. Bsed on the library of achievements and patents, analysis sports science and technologyachievements during the year2000to2009, the application rate is17.76%, among which theapplication rate in sport is34.4%, the application rate in mass sports is7.4%, the applicationrate in sports industry is32.54%. In the same period the application rate of the whole scientificand technological achievements is46%.2. Based on the data of sports statistics yearbook, establish Cobb-Douglas productionfunction, regression the model of Solow residual vale to calculating the contribution rate ofsports science and technology. The contribution rate of sports science and technology during theyear1999to2009is44.32%.3. The following problems existed in current sports science and technology: the totalamount of scientific and technological achievements is small and the level is low; Science and technology resources uneven distributed in sport, mass sport and sports industry, lack ofknowledge diffusion path, science and technology resources are not rich, sports science andtechnology budgets has a lower proportion in sports budgets and the proportion is reduction,lack of research funding sources, lack of sports scientists and innovative talents.4. The following problems existed in current transformation of sports scientific andtechnological achievements: missing the link of achievement management, the service systemof achievement transformation is not complete, science and technology achievementtransformation mechanism is not perfect, and so on.5. The experiences of the foreign countries are as follow: the government attaches greatimportance to basic research, with a sound service system of scientific and technologicalachievement transformation, pay attention to the protection of intellectual property, enterprises,research institutes and university are the main sources of scientific and technologicalachievement.6. Based on coordination management theory, in the mechanism design, thetransformation of the achievements in sport should be selected the "demand and interest" as thekey manage point, choose the "scale" as the key manage point in mass sport, and the sportsindustry transformation of scientific and technological achievements should focus on supply,demand, service support system.According to the research put forward relevant countermeasures as follows:1.Paying attention to the scientific and technological achievements management,strengthen the scientific and technological achievements of collecting, collating, sorting andevaluation. Based on coordination management theory, classify the transformation of sportsscientific and technological achievements, implement the different management based on theorder variable. Strengthen the research of combination of industry, research and education,design the joint leading mechanism of promoting the combination of industry, research andeducation.2. Set up the new management mechanism of scientific and technological achievementtransformation based patent. Innovate achievement promotion mechanism, establish a newsystem of volunteers promotion. Strengthening the study of independent intellectual propertyrights, make the identification and management methods of independent intellectual propertyrights.3. Integrating science and technology resources, to set sport, mass sport, sports industrytransformation of scientific and technological achievements linkage mechanism. Establishsupport and security system to suitable for China’s national conditions in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.更多还原