【作者】 邱志雄；

【导师】 张肖宁；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 随着社会文明程度的提高，道路行车安全越来越被人们所重视。提高沥青路面抗滑性能已成为保证交通安全的关键技术，轮胎与粗糙表面接触特性是提高路面抗滑能力的关键。本文基于宏观轮廓开展沥青路面抗滑特性及其试验研究，从轮胎与路面的界面接触特性分析沥青路面抗滑机理及影响抗滑性能的关键因素。采用压力胶片检测技术，开展不同宏观轮廓水平下的对比试验研究，揭示了轮胎与不同轮廓特征的路面界面接触特性，包括应力集中状态，从而验证路面宏观轮廓对抗滑性能的重要性。为测量沥青路面宏观轮廓，自主研发基于激光测距技术的高精度（10μm）轮廓测量仪，从准三维尺度测定沥青混合料表面宏观轮廓及衰减特性，提出了轮廓峰顶夹角和峰顶夹角衰减率等抗滑性能和抗滑耐久性评价指标，提出轮廓峰顶夹角小于90度（锐角）的比例为有效保证率，用于评价沥青路面抗滑性能衰减特性；提出了抗滑沥青混合料基于60℃标准温度和8小时标准评价时间搓揉试验抗滑性能评价标准为轮廓峰顶夹角有效保证率不小于70%。采用高精度（0.1mm）工业CT技术，针对沥青路面表层结构约1~2cm范围内的抗滑构造影响深度，探索从准三维尺度以角度描述和分形描述为基础的宏观轮廓提取和衰减分析；进而以沥青路面细观结构体积特性为理论基础，从三维尺度进一步分析沥青路面宏观轮廓衰减特性，提出了颗粒面积比、体积空隙率、抗滑构造敏感区衰减率等抗滑性能和抗滑耐久性评价指标；提出了抗滑沥青混合料基于60℃标准温度和8小时标准评价时间搓揉试验抗滑性能评价标准为体积空隙率不小于10.6%，抗滑构造敏感区衰减率不大于34%。研发以搓揉试验为原理的室内搓揉试验装置，模拟沥青路面行车荷载对抗滑性能的加速加载作用，采用单一粒径环氧树脂混合料验证搓揉试验模拟行车荷载作用的压密或磨耗效应，并建立相应的抗滑性能评价方法体系，揭示沥青路面基于宏观轮廓的的抗滑特性。基于搓揉试验，采用传统的构造深度和摩擦系数等常规试验方法以及自主研发的轮廓测量仪试验方法对骨架密实型断级配GAC-13和密实悬浮型AC-13抗滑沥青混合料进行抗滑耐久性研究；进而对骨架密实型断级配GAC-13抗滑沥青混合料四种不同间断级配采用工业CT技术进行抗滑耐久性研究，以寻求具有良好初始抗滑性能和耐久性的抗滑沥青混合料设计。为验证室内试验研究成果，铺筑了实体工程，采用本文研发的测量手段和常规抗滑性能评价手段进行跟踪观测和对比分析，发现抗滑构造敏感区（深度）、体积孔隙率与摩擦系数、构造深度等常规指标具有较高的相关性。但基于搓揉实验和轮廓测量仪的室内抗滑性能研究结果与实体工程现场试验结果差异较大，初步分析与室内试验车辙板成型工艺与实体工程压实工艺差别显著有关。因此，如何改进现场摊铺碾压施工工艺以提高沥青路面抗滑性能，是今后值得研究的方向。本文研究可显著改善沥青路面抗滑表层设计过分依赖经验的落后现状，实现科学设计沥青路面抗滑性能，从而降低资源与造价浪费，提高路面安全性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with social civilization improvement, people focus more on the safety oftransportation. Improve the anti slide performance of asphalt pavements has become a keytechnology to guarantee the safe transportation, and the contact of tires and rough pavementsurface is the key of this technology.This paper studies the asphalt pavement anti slide performance by analyzing the contactof tires and different pavement surface macro profile and figure out the key factors thatinfluence the performance. Based on film pressure technology, this paper also points out therelation of the contact of tires and different pavement surface macro profile by comparativeexperiments to prove the importance of the surface profile to the anti slide performance of thepavements.To measure the macro profile of asphalt pavement surface, a high precision (10μm)laser-measuring technology based measuring instrument has been researched and developedto test the surface of mixed asphalt and its dying features from tridimensional view. Based onthis study, this paper points out anti slide performance such as peak angle of the pavementsurface profile and its decay rate and the standard to evaluate anti slide performance anddurability. Paper also proposes the peak angle effective guarantee rate is more than70%basedon anti slide performance rubbing experiment under testing condition of60℃standardtemperature and eight hours standard time.This paper studies the reduction feature of1~2cm depth of asphalt pavement surface byhigh precision (0.1mm) industrial CT technology from angle and tridimensional view. Thestudy proposes anti slide performance and durability evaluating index such as particle arearatio, volume porosity, anti slide structure sensitive area reduction rate, etc., and points outvolume porosity is more than10.6%and anti slide structure sensitive area reduction rate isless than34%based on anti slide performance rubbing experiment under testing condition of60℃standard temperature and eight hours standard time.To simulate accelerated loading function of traffic load on the asphalt pavement to theanti slide performance, an indoor rubbing experiment device has been researched andinvented. The study uses single particle of composite material of epoxy resin to verify compaction or abrasion effect of traffic load influence by the rubbing experiment andestablishes a relevant anti slide performance evaluating system to show the influence ofsurface profile to the asphalt pavement’s anti slide performance.Based on rubbing experiment, this paper studies the anti slide performance and durabilityof tense graded asphalt mixed with GAC-13and tense-suspension grade asphalt mixed withAC-13by traditional conventional test methods such as texture depth and friction coefficient,and self-invented shape measuring instrument. Furthermore, paper studies the anti slideperformance and durability of four grades of tense grade asphalt mixed with GAC-13byindustrial CT technology to seek mix anti slide asphalt with better starting anti slideperformance and durability.To prove the experimental research result, this study has been applied on runningprojects. Tracking observation and comparative analysis based on measuring methods and antislide performance evaluation method this study developes shows that anti slide structuresensitive area(depth),volumetric porosity, coefficient of friction, structural depth, etc. thoseconventional indicators can highly meet the research result. But study of anti slideperformance based on rubbing experiment and profile measuring instrument has largedifference comparing to running projects testing result. This may be caused by the obviousdifference of lab testing plates and running projects plates forming process. Therefore, toimprove plates forming process of the running projects to increase anti slide performance ofasphalt pavements is another further research area.Study of this paper can remarkably change the fall-behind situation that the design ofasphalt pavement largely depends on experience and realize scientific design of asphaltpavement anti slide performance. Therefore, to reduce the resource waste and to improve thesafety of pavements.更多还原