【作者】 李勤；

【导师】 李志民；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 居住是人类的一项基本权利，是其生存、发展的基本生活要素。但随着上世纪九十年代住房制度市场化进程的日趋深化，城市房价不断攀升，造成大量中低收入阶层无力购买住房。为了解决中低收入群体住房困难的问题，中央政府于1998年确立了以经济适用住房为主的多层次城镇住房供应体系。北京作为我国最早进行保障性住区建设城市之一，经过10多年的不断实践发展，现已逐步形成了由限价房、经济适用房、廉租房、公共租赁房共同组成的住房保障体系。随着北京市大量的保障性住区建成，在一定程度上缓解了中低收入群体的住房紧张问题，对城市发展乃至和谐社会的做出一定的贡献。然而，在快速建造的背后，我们也发现在保障制度、规划设计、后期管理等各方面都还存在着很多问题，如何让更多的人住进规划良好，生活便利、环境优美的宜居性保障住区是规划设计人员应该关注的。本文以北京市6所保障性住区作为调查研究的重点个案,通过访谈、拍照、统计记录和问卷等多种方式收集了大量数据,深入分析了目前北京的保障性住区建设的现状，并重点关注了居民在住区空间中的行为需求以及邻里关系的状态。在此基础上，将规划设计视野拓展到北京城市空间大系统和社会发展的领域中，深入分析政治、社会、经济、文化、人文、技术等诸多因素，并引入城市生态学、城市管理学、住区环境设计、社会心理学、生态伦理等相关学科进行研究，结合国内外保障住区建设的已有经验，突破以往更多关注政治体制和户型设计的研究方法，将宜居的概念、可持续发展理念和北京城市特征以及现代生活观念相结合，从机制的完善、城市空间的整合、住区空间的重构及建筑空间复合和适应性等多个层面进行探索，提出有利于北京保障性居住空间科学发展的营建模式。论文共分为八章。第1章，主要建立本文的基本研究框架。就研究背景、研究意义、概念界定、研究方法等作了基本的论述。第2章，通过对国内外相关理论研究和实践进行必要的梳理和归纳，为北京保障性住区营建提供有益借鉴。第3章，回顾保障性住区建设的发展历史，分析其发展特点，并重点调研北京6所典型住区的规划设计情况，从宜居的角度找出存在的问题。第4章，对影响北京保障性住区建设的主要因素进行深入的分析，并总结其发展趋势，提出当前制度环境下的保障住区营建的形势与挑战。第5章，从法律、土地供应、融资、分配等多方面研究北京保障性住区的保障机制建设。第6章，通过多视角、多层次的研究，阐述“以人为本”在保障性住区营建中的应用，提出相应的规划措施。,第7章，通过对欧美及台湾的公众参与机制进行深入的分析，结合我国的现状，提出保障性住区营建过程中公众参与制度的优化策略。第8章，总结论文的主要结论、创新点，以及今后尚待进一步完善的地方。更多还原

【Abstract】 Housing is one of the basic rights of human, as the basic life elements of humansurvival and development.But with the deepening of the post-1998market-orientedhousing system, the house prices is rising and caused a lot of low-income group unableto buy the house. In order to solve the problems of the housing difficulties oflow-income groups,the government established a multi-level indemnificatoryhousing system in1998. Beijing, as one of the earliest cities which build the socialhousing communities, with the development of10years,now has gradually formed ahousing security system composed by limit housing, affordable housing, low-renthousing and public rental housing.With the large number of protection housingsettlements builted in Beijing, the shortage of housing problems of low-income groupsis alleviated to some extent, and make some contribution to the urban development andharmonious society. However, behind the rapid construction,we found a lot ofproblems in all aspects of the security system, planning and design, post-managementetc. What we really want to focus on is how to get more people with differingeconomic status to be able to live in well designed housing with convenient facilitieswhich meet the needs of their daily activities.This article is taking six social housing communities in Beijing as the cases offocus research, collected a large amount of data through interviews,pictures,statisticalrecords and questionnaires, etc. analys the status quo in-depth of social housingcommunities construction in Beijing, and focus on the the residents behavior demandin the settlements space and the state of neighborhood. On this basis, the studyextended the vision on the scope of the general city space system and socialdevelopment in Beijing, analyzed in depth the effects of political, social, cultural, economical, humanities and technological factors on urban living. examined the urbanecology, city management, landscape design, social psychology, and ecological ethics,and drawing the successful lessons from cases of Domestic and foreign countries.Breakthrough the research methods which pay more attention to the political systemand the research methods of the type design, trying to explore the depth and width ofthis field, combined with the concept of livable, the concept of sustainabledevelopment, the characteristics of Beijing city and modern settlements. explore fromthe various levels such as perfection of the mechanism, integration of urban space,reconstruction of settlements space and composite and adaptability of the buildingspace etc., proposed patters which conducive to the indemnificatory living spaces’development in Beijing.This dissertation consists of eight chapters: Chpater1mainly elaborates thebackground, research significance, the relative conceptions of this topic research andthe framework of the thesis and so on.Chpater2Study and summarize of domestic andforeign’ theories in order to provide useful lessons for the protection settlementsconstruction in Beijing. Chpater3Recalling the history of the development of socialhousing communities construction, analyze its development characteristics.. Taking sixsocial housing communities in Beijing as the cases of focus research, analyze fromlivable angle. Chpater4. Depth analysis of the main factors for the construction of newsocial housing communities in Beijing, propose the situation and challenges under thecurrent institutional environment.Chpater5Construction mode one——Mechanism foroptimizing Study the construction of protection mechanisms from the law, land supply,financing, distribution and other aspects. Chpater6Construction modetwo——People-oriented. Through the multi-angle, multi-level research, expounds the"people-oriented" in the construction of social housing communities, and proposesappropriate planning measures. Chpater7Construction mode three——Publicparticipation. Through the depth analysis of public participation in Europe、the UnitedStates and Taiwan, combined with the current situation of our country, we proposeoptimization strategy.Chpater8Summarize the main conclusions and Innovation of thepaper, And put forward the need to improve in the future.更多还原