【作者】 范佳静；

【导师】 冯定忠； 金寿松；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 制造业是我国国民经济的支柱产业,是体现国家竞争力的重要标志。以高效率、高柔性、高质量、低成本为特征的单元制造系统已成为当今制造业发展的主流趋势。单元构建是单元制造的基础,制造单元的合理构建为制造系统的模块化生产、生产系统的流程再造以及快速成组技术的广泛应用提供了基础,它是制造系统实现快速重组的核心细胞。论文针对当今单元制造系统发展的现实需求和现行静态和动态单元构建研究中存在的诸多问题(如前置条件之不足：没有结合考虑原有制造系统(机器设备、人力资源等)的实际情况),提出了一种有别于静态和动态单元构建的新方法：准动态单元构建方法,它采用阶段式构建思想来获得各周期单元构建的最优方案。论文着力研究准动态单元构建的理论、方法和实现技术,建立描述单元构建的统一范式(抽象函数)。研究多技能员工工作任务分配和学习性能对单元构建的内在影响,进而将人力资源要素引入准动态单元构建中,最终提出准动态双资源单元构建问题的数学模型,并进行重要参数的灵敏度分析和构建方案的实证分析,为实施制造系统快速重组、模块化单元制造、成组技术等制造策略提供基础技术支撑,促进我国制造业转型升级与快速响应市场变化的能力,同时为拓展单元制造系统的构建理论与技术提供实质性的科学贡献。论文主要研究内容及结果为：1)准动态单元构建方法的理论研究。在详细分析静动态单元构建方法的基础上,提出了准动态单元构建的基本思想和分析方法；研究剖析了不同类型单元构建方法的联系与区别,建立了规范化的描述单元构建方法的统一范式。2)人力资源要素对单元构建的影响研究。详细分析多技能员工任务分配和人的学习性能对单元构建的影响,研究了双资源约束下的单元构建问题,并建立了相应的数学模型,通过对模型中目标函数权重系数的灵敏度分析,优化了企业资源配置。3)准动态双资源约束下的单元构建问题研究。在准动态单元构建方法的基础上,综合考虑设备单元划分、员工工作任务分配以及单元布局对单元制造系统效率的影响,研究了准动态双资源约束下的单元构建问题,建立了相应的数学模型,进而研究恰当的求解方法。4)案例分析。在对企业实际调研与数据分析的基础上,将准动态双资源约束下的单元构建数学模型应用于实际企业,改变原有生产方式为单元生产方式,从而大大减少了物料搬运距离,提高了生产质量水平、员工工作效率以及整个单元制造系统的效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Manufacturing is a pillar industry of the national economic; it is also the important embodiment of national competitiveness. Nowadays, the cellular manufacturing system which is characterized by high efficiency, high flexibility, high quality and low cost has become the main trend in the development of manufacturing industry. Cellular manufacture combines the flexibility of the workshop and the efficiency of the flow process, as well as to product varieties of small batch according to the approximate cost of the rigid flow process, so it can meet the market in the time, quality, cost, flexibility and many other changes. It also represents the advanced production model. Cell formation is the basis of the cell manufacturing. Reasonable construction of the cellular manufacturing form a foundation for the wide application on the modular production of manufacturing system, the process reconstruction of production system and the rapid grouping technique. And it is a core part for the manufacturing system to achieve rapid reorganization.Based on the practical needs of today’s cellular manufacturing system and the present problems which are brought from static and dynamic cell formation (such as the inadequacy of pre-conditions:without considering the actual condition of the original manufacturing system (such as machinery&human resources)), the paper originally proposes a new method which is different from both static and dynamic cell formation:quasi-dynamic cell formation. It uses the recycling formation method to achieve the optimal cell formation schemes for every period. The paper focuses on the study of the theory, methods and techniques of the quasi-dynamic cell formation, establishing a unified mathematical model (abstract function) to describe different types of cell-formation problems. It considers the internal influence of work assignment for multi-skilled employees and workers’learning ability on cell formation. And then human resource factors are introduced into quasi-dynamic cell-formation problem. Finally mathematical model are proposed for the quasi-dynamic dual-resource cell-formation and do the sensitivity analysis to some important parameters and demonstration analysis. This paper study will provide strong and foundamental technical support for recombining a manufacturing system rapidly, executing cellular manufacturing and group technology strategy. It will also promote the ability of manufacturing enterprises in responsing the rapid change of the global market. At the same time, it will contribute crucially to the development of formation theory and technique for cellular manufacturing system.The main work and achievements are as follows:1) Research on the quasi-dynamic cell-formation theory. By analyzing the basic method of static and dynamic cell formation and its pratical application, this paper puts forward basical idea and method of quasi-dynamic cell formation, and then research the connection and distngusich of these three formation method, and at last build a a unified expression method.2) Research on the effect of human factor on cell formation. On the basis of analyzing the influence multi-skilled workers on cellular manufacturing system, this paper puts forward dual-resource constrained cell formation problem and build a corresponding mathematical model and do the sensitivity analsis for the weight coefficient to optimize enterprise resource distribution.3) Research on the quasi-dynamic dual-resource cell formation problem. Based on the concept of qusi-dynamic dual-resource cell-formation, analysis machines cell division, human work assignment and cell layout effect on the cell manufacturing system efficiency, and then put forword quasi-dynamic dual-resource cell-foramtion problem and build a corresponding model, at last research on the solution method for this model and gain the optimal formation scheme.4) Case study. Based on the enterprise survey and data analysis, applied the quasi-dynamci dual-resource cell-formation model into the metalworking shop and changed original mode to cellular production mode, thus greatly reducing the material handling distance, improve production quality level, employee’s work efficiency and efficiency of the entire cellular manufacturing system.更多还原