【作者】 张继文；

【导师】 吴文君；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农药学， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 在植物和昆虫的协同进化过程中，植物自身合成了具有杀虫活性的次生代谢产物以对抗危害其生长的昆虫，研究这些植物次生代谢产物将有助于我们发现环境友好的新型植物源杀虫剂。卫矛科植物苦皮藤在我国民间作为传统土农药使用已有很长的历史。20世纪80年代以来，我国学者对苦皮藤的杀虫活性成分进行了系统深入地研究，发现二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜类化合物是其主要杀虫活性成分，并且相应的毒理学研究表明其作用靶标位于昆虫中肠细胞，二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜是一类新型昆虫消化毒剂。本论文以苦皮藤中的二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜类化合物为主要起始原料，合成制备了一系列衍生物，采用1H-NMR,13C-NMR,MS,IR以及2DNMR,X射线单晶衍射等波谱技术确认了化学结构，以粘虫为试虫，评价了其杀虫活性，为开发出高活性、环境友好型的新型昆虫消化毒剂奠定了基础。主要研究结果如下：1.从苦皮藤提取物中分离出其主要杀虫活性成分苦皮藤素V，通过X射线单晶衍射确认了其化学结构，修正了1994年报道的结构。以苦皮藤素V为主要原料制备了70个衍生物，包括6-醚类衍生物12个，6-酯类衍生物14个，6-氨基酸衍生物12个，6-三唑衍生物20个，孪药衍生物6个，其它衍生物7个，其中67个为未见文献报道的化合物。杀虫活性测定结果表明：部分化合物具有较苦皮藤素V强的杀虫活性，试虫中毒症状与苦皮藤素V的一致，其中苦皮藤素V24小时后KD50为301.0μg.g-1，化合物2-2-2,2-2-3,2-2-6,2-2-7,2-3-1,2-3-2,2-4-7KD50分别为135.9,101.3,169.0,219.2,266.5,217.3,231.2μg.g-1；化合物2-5-14,2-7-6KD50分别为367.5,369.7μg.g-1。2.从苦皮藤提取物水解产物中分离得到3个二氢沉香呋喃多元醇，通过2DNMR及X射线单晶衍射并参考相关文献确认它们的化学结构为：1β,2β,4α,6α,8β,9α,12-七羟基-β-二氢沉香呋喃，1β,2β,4α,6α,8α,9β,12-七羟基-β-二氢沉香呋喃和1β,2β,4α,6α,9α,12-六羟基-β-二氢沉香呋喃。以苦皮藤提取浸膏水解产物中二氢沉香呋喃多元醇混合物为主要原料采用定向多样性合成的策略筛选出了一个具有杀虫活性的化合物库，并从中得到了8个未见文献报道的衍生物。杀虫活性测定结果表明：部分化合物具有较强的杀虫活性，并且试虫中毒症状与苦皮藤素V的一致。其中苦皮藤素V4小时后KD50为507.6μg.g-1；化合物3-2-2,3-2-3,3-2-4分别为912.6，521.5，593.2μg.g-1。3.以水解产物中的1β,2β,4α,6α,8β,9α,12-七羟基-β-二氢沉香呋喃为先导化合物，制备了35个衍生物，其中33个为未见文献报道的化合物。杀虫活性测定结果表明：部分化合物具有较强的杀虫活性，试虫中毒症状与苦皮藤素V的一致。其中苦皮藤素V4小时后KD50为507.6μg.g-1；化合物3-4-25,3-4-26,4小时后KD50分别为38.2,27.6μg.g-1，杀虫活性较苦皮藤素V提高了一个数量级。以上研究结果表明：以二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜作为农药先导化合物有望开发出一类新型杀虫剂。更多还原

【Abstract】 Various secondary metabolites are produced in the process of botanic self-defendingagainst harmful organs,even of co-evoluting between plants and their pests.Novelenvironment-friendly botanical insecticides may be derived from these secondary metabolites.Celastrus angulatus Max. has been used as folk pesticides for a very long time in China.Insecticidal component of this plant was studied deeply and widely and found to beβ-dihydroagarofuran poly-ester sesquiterpenes by the Chinese researchers since1980’s. Thetarget of these insecticidal β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenes was be found in midgutepithelia of tested insect and suggested this type of sesquiterpenes may be novel digestivepoison.In this thesis Celangulin analogues were prepared with β-dihydroagarofuransesquiterpenes from Celastrus angulatus Max. as start material and the structures of all thenew compounds were confirmed by1H-NMR,13C-NMR,MS,IR spectral data or2DNMRand single crystal X-ray spectral data analyses. Insceticidal activities against3rdMythimnaseparata of these Celangulin analogues were tested. These helpful studies may lead to novelhighly active and environment-friendly botanical insecticides. The primary results are asfollows:1.Celangulin-V was isolated from the benzene extract of Celastrus angulatus Max.barkand the structure was confirmed by single crystal X-ray spectral data and corrected the wrongstructure was reported in1994by our group.70Celangulin-V derivatives including twelve6-ether derivatives,fourteen6-ester derivatives, twelve6-amino acid ester derivatives,twenty6-triazole derivatives,six twin-drug derivatives and seven others were prepared and amongthem67were the first synthesized. Insecticidal activities assayed indicated that some of themshowed the same stomach toxic effects as Celangulin-V.Compounds2-2-2,2-2-3,2-2-6,2-2-7,2-3-1,2-3-2and2-4-7showed higher activity than the possitive control Celangulin-V withKD50of135.9，101.3，169.0，219.2，266.5，217.3，231.2μg.g-1respectively and compounds2-5-14and2-7-6showed similar activity to Celangulin-V with KD50of367.5and369.7μg.g-1.2.Three sesquiterpene polyols from the hydrolysis of benzene extract of Celastrusangulatus Max. and the structures were confirmed as1β,2β,4α,6α,8β,9α,12-heptahydroxy- β-dihydroagarofuran,1β,2β,4α,6α,8α,9β,12--heptahydroxy-β-dihydroagarofuran and1β,2β,4α,6α,9α,12-hexahydroxy-β-dihydroagarofuran,Bio-assay guided diversity-orientedsynthesis lead to a insecticidal compounds library and eight new Celangulin analogues wasgotten from this library. Insecticidal activities assayed indicated that compounds3-2-2,3-2-3and3-2-4showed similar activity to Celangulin-V with KD50of912.6，521.5and593.2μg.g-1respectively.3.Thirty five β-dihydroagarofuran derivatives were prepared from the startmaterial1β,2β,4α,6α,8β,9α,12-heptahydroxy-β-dihydroagarofuran and33of them werethe new compounds. Insecticidal activities were assayed and indicated that compounds3-4-25and3-4-26showed higher activity than Celangulin-V with KD5038.2and27.6μg.g-1respectively.The results suggested that β-dihydroagrofuran should be a new lead compound for abotanical insecticide.更多还原