节点文献
自由贸易区的布局及空间效应研究
【作者】 赵永勃；
【导师】 韩增林；
【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2012， 博士
【副题名】以大连为例
【摘要】 在全球经济一体化过程中,自由贸易区成为一个重要形式和发展趋势,伴随着世界自由贸易区的广泛兴起,中国已经把自由贸易区的建设提上日程；自由贸易区的建立是我国经济融入世界经济大循环的重要途径,也是实现经济发展的增长极。在地理学、经济学、系统学等理论的指导下,探讨我国自由贸易区的发展问题,分析自由自由贸易区空间选址的影响因素,建立合理的自由贸易区的评价模型,以及自由贸易区的设立对于经济增长的效应、对腹地拉动的效应、以及对母城的贡献率的效应等,此项研究对于促进我国经济的快速发展,以及与国际惯例快速接轨,并且完善我国自由贸易区的研究体系,具有重要的意义。第一,根据区位理论、港口与腹地关系理论、自由贸易区的发展等理论,建立了自由贸易区的分析框架,系统总结了国内外自由贸易区分析与评价的相关理论和方法,为开展自由贸易区的布局和空间效应研究提供理论和方法论的支撑。第二,系统总结了自由贸易区的发展阶段、发展趋势、发展模式、发展规律,以及我国保税港区向自由贸易区转型的政策和机制突破,部分地区建设自由贸易区的探索经验。自由贸易区出现了数量持续增长、功能趋向综合、管理不断加强、政策更加优惠、海关监管更加简化的趋势。优越的地理位置、完善的基础设施、优惠的政策是自由贸易区发展的基础条件。货物贸易和转口贸易是自由贸易区的基础产业,带动了港口物流业的发展。临港产业为自由贸易区的发展提供了重要支撑作用。产业的升级是保持长期竞争力的关键,现代服务业是自由贸易区的未来发展的引擎。第三,分析自由贸易区空间布局的影响因子,地理位置、基础设施、外部环境、优惠政策、基础产业以及临港产业的发展是自由贸易区空间选址的影响因素。依据环境优越性、政策开放性、功能开发性、目标效用性,从投资状况、投资效益、成长性、经济规模四个大方面建立自由贸易区的模型,采用层次分析法和因子分析法的综合集成评价方法对保税区和长兴岛进行了评价。从投资状况、投资效益、成长性、经济规模四个大方面建立自由贸易区的模型,综合评价结果上看,在经济规模、投资效率、投资状况、成长性评价结果方面均有很大的增长,且每年的增长较为稳定,步入了一个健康、持续、快速发展的新阶段。在大连保税区和长兴岛建立自由贸易区都是适宜的。第四,运用因子分析、回归分析、灰色关联度分析等方法,综合测度自由贸易区的建立所产生的空间效应,即：经济效益的时空差异,其投资活动、贸易活动、物流活动对母城经济影响,以及对腹地拉动作用的影响。自由贸易区的建立,对母城经济增长、贸易发展、收入提高以及产业结构优化都将发生重要的推动作用。在保税区建立自由贸易区更合适宜,并且目前处于保税区向保税港区的过度阶段,并且已经申报保税港区的建设,这将对母城经济产生更大的影响。保税区的贸易功能对腹地港口群的拉动作用突出,而对腹地经济结构优化的拉动作用较弱,因而在下一步的工作中应该更加重视对腹地开放度的拉动作用以及对腹地经济结构优化的拉动作用。保税区的物流功能对腹地经济总量拉动作用突出。长兴岛的贸易功能对腹地港口群的拉动作用突出,而对腹地经济结构优化的拉动作用较弱。
【Abstract】 In the process of global economic integration, free trade has become an important form of development trends. China Free Trade Zone has been put on the agenda; the establishment of the free trade zone is an important way of China’s economic development, but also the realization of the economic development of the poles.Under the guidance of geography, economics, systematic, this paper discusses the development of free trade zone in China, analysis the factors of space location, and establishes the evaluation model of free trade zone. It also discusses the effects of the mother city’s contribution rate for the rapid rate of China’s development.Main contents of the thesis are as follows:Firstly, according to the location theory, the port and the hinterland relations theory, it establishes the analysis framework of free trade zone, summaries the relevant theories and methods. It is good for the study of the layout and space effects.Secondly, this part elaborates the development trend and development model, development rules, development characteristics of free trade zone, and the policy and mechanism breakthrough from China bonded zone to free trade zone.Free trade zone has the trend of the number growing, function comprehensive, management strengthened, more preferential policies and simplified customs supervision.Excellent location, excellent infrastructure, preferential policies are all the basis condition for the development of free trade zone. The port industry provides an important supporting role for the development of free trade zones. Trade and re-export of the goods are the basic industries of free trade zone, and it promotes the development of the port logistics industry. The upgrade of the industry is the key to maintaining the long-term competitiveness, and modern service industry is the engine of the future development of the free trade zone.Thirdly, it builds a model and an analytical framework of the free trade zone, analysis the impact factor of the free trade zone. Using the layout analysis and factor analysis, it evaluates bonded area and Changxing Island. It all has a lot of room to grow from comprehensive evaluation on the results. The establishment of a free trade area is appropriate whether in Changxing Island or bonded areas.Fourthly, using the factor analysis and regression analysis, gray correlation analysis method, it measures comprehensively the space effect of free trade zone. That is the economic benefits of spatial and temporal differences, the investment activities and trade activities, also logistics activities on the mother city economic impact, as well as the hinterland of the pulling effect. The establishment of the free trade zone will occur an important role in promoting economic growth in the Mother City, the development of trade, rising incomes, and industrial structure optimization. It is more suitable for the establishment of a free trade area in bonded areas.