【作者】 许刚；

【导师】 刘兵；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 随着经济与社会的迅速发展，科学技术对社会发展的推动作用越来越显著，个人已经难以单独完成很多社会工作，取而代之的是团队发展模式。实践证明，高校这一社会学术活动的主要参加者和推动者，是我国科研体系的重要组成部分。而生存于高校科研生态环境中的高校科研团队，作为现代大学制度下的一种新型基层学术组织，已然成为承担高素质创新人才培养任务的前沿阵地。高校内部、高校间各团队及其所处环境共同组成了高校科研团队学术生态系统，系统运行的健康、高效与否直接关系到其研究成果和存在价值。与此同时，该系统内又容易出现资源再分配不均、生物多样性（科研人员构成的多样性）等不协调问题，不断冲击着该系统的生态平衡。如何充分了解高校科研团队学术生态系统并对其进行优化，以保障其健康可持续发展尤显重要。鉴于此，本文以高校科研团队及其成员为研究对象，基于生态学、系统论、需求理论，结合国内外关于高校科研团队建设、学术生态的研究现状，对学术生态系统的构成因素、运作模式、影响因素、风险因素和成因、评价方式、优化机制和对策分别进行了研究，成果包括：一、对应于我国高校科研团队学术生态系统的构成因素，分析了高校科研团队成员的物种特性，识别了高校科研团队的数量特征、空间特征等种群共性特征及学术带头人的带动作用、团队内部的竞争与合作和团队氛围等独有特点，探讨了对学术生态系统构成要素进行合理配置的方法，以实现学术生态系统内部高校科研团队各要素的配置在属性关系、数量规模、时间顺序和空间地域上的优化，构建一个结构稳定、功能高效并持续发展的学术生态系统。二、着眼于我国高校科研团队学术生态系统的运作模式，划分出高校科研团队构建和运作的不同模式，明确具有生物种群特征的高校科研团队之间、团队内各成员之间存在一定的共生关系，运用生态学中的lotka-Volterra模型对高校科研团队学术生态系统的内部存在竞争合作关系进行了分析，并依据学术生态系统协同演化过程，构建了竞争性协同演化模型、合作性协同演化模型和竞争合作协同演化模型，探索了各种情形下的稳定结点，以实现高校科研团队学术生态系统内部的竞争合作平衡，促进高校科研团队学术生态系统健康可持续运转。三、围绕我国高校科研团队学术生态系统的影响因素，通过问卷调查和统计分析，对各影响因素的重要程度加以排序，同时关注于它们在不同背景变量下的差异性显著程度，并在此基础上，从高校科研团队成员视角出发，考察高校科研团队的管理现状，进行对应差异性的显著程度判断，以用于改进团队管理和优化团队运行。四、针对我国高校科研团队学术生态系统运行风险，分别从个体、团队和学术环境三个层面分析了存在于高校科研团队学术生态系统中风险的表现形式，并进一步从高校学术生态系统的主体和客观环境两个方面识别了风险成因，将之大体上分为内生性成因、外生性成因和相互关联环节风险成因三类，提出了上述风险成因给高校科研团队学术生态系统带来的潜在影响，通过运用模糊综合评价法构建了高校科研团队学术生态系统健康运行评价机制，从而对预警机制、优化路径的构建和保障措施的制定具有指导性意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of economy and society, the promoting action of science andtechnology on social development is more and more remarkable. The individual which isdifficult to finish a lot of community work is replaced by team development model. Practice hasproved that colleges and universities which are the main participants and promoters of academicactivities are important part of China’s scientific research system. As a new kind of basicacademic organization under the modern university system, scientific research team whichsurvival in university scientific research environment is the forward position take the cultivationof innovative talents. Universities, teams in universities and the environment together formeco-academic system for research teams in colleges. System health and efficient are directlyrelated to their research results and existing value. At the same time, the system was prone touneven redistribution of resources, biodiversity (the diversity of scientific research personnelconstitute) and coordination problems, impacting the ecological balance of system. How to fullyunderstand the eco-academic system for research teams in colleges and its optimization, in orderto ensure its healthy and sustainable development is particularly important. Scientific researchteam and its members are the research objects of the thesis. Constitution factors, mode ofoperation, influencing factors, risk factors and causes, evaluation, optimization mechanism andcountermeasure of eco-academic system are studied based on ecology, system theory, demandtheory, construction of research teams in colleges and academic ecology on domestic and foreign.Outcomes included:1. Species characteristics of members of research teams in colleges are analyzed,corresponding to components of eco-academic system for research teams in colleges. Populationcharacteristics including quantitative characteristics and spatial characteristics of research teamsin colleges, leading role of the academic leaders, competition and cooperation within the team,team atmosphere are recognized. For realization the configuration optimization of each elementin the relation of attribute, quantity, time and region, the rational allocation method for elementsof eco-academic system are discussed, in order to construct eco-academic system with a stablestructure, high efficiency and sustainable development.2. Different modes of construction and operation of research teams in colleges are dividedbased on operation mechanism of eco-academic system for research teams in colleges. Thesymbiotic relationship between research teams in colleges, team members with biologicalcharacteristics are cleared. Internal competition and cooperative relations of eco-academic system for research teams in colleges are analyzed through lotka-volterra model of ecology. Inorder to achieve the internal competition and cooperation balance between eco-academic systemfor research teams in colleges and promote its health and sustainable operation, competitiveco-evolution model, cooperative co-evolution model, synergetic evolution model of competitionand cooperation are constructed according to evolution process of academic ecosystem.3. Importance sequence of influencing factors of eco-academic system for research teams incolleges is got through questionnaire survey and statistical analysis. And then the significantdifference degree based on different background variables is analyzed. The influencing factorsrelated problems about work of research teams in colleges are analyzed. The judgement ofsignificant degree for corresponding difference is made. Its conclusion can be used to improvethe team management and optimize the team operation.4. In view of operation risk of eco-academic system for research teams in colleges, riskform of expression exist in the eco-academic system for research teams in colleges are analyzedrespectively from the individual, team and academic environment aspect. And risk factors of thesubject and the objective environment aspects which are divided into three types of risk causesincluding endogenous origin, exogenous causes and interrelated kinds. The potential influence toeco-academic system for research teams in colleges from the above risk factors are put forward.The healthy operation and evaluation mechanism of eco-academic system for research teams incolleges is built through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. It has a guidingsignificance to the early warning mechanism, construction of optimization path and safeguardmeasures.更多还原