【作者】 马晓君；

【导师】 马岩；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 木门以其天然性、质感好、装饰性等特点,越来越受到人们的青睐,这给木门行业带来了广泛的发展空间。在木门的生产加工中,需要加工出用于安装五金件的孔槽,传统的加工方法无论是在木门孔槽的加工质量,还是在生产效率上都不能满足人们的需求。减轻木门装配的劳动强度,提高门五金件安装孔槽加工质量和生产效率,是我国门加工数控化生产的关键。门五金件安装孔槽加工是木门生产加工、装配的一个重要的环节,也是木门生产机械化、自动化的一个难点。传统的门五金件安装孔槽数控加工采用镂铣机或双头雕刻机来完成,操作复杂,加工精度低、位置偏差大,不能满足具有高质量、批量互换性的门五金件装配的生产要求。门五金件安装孔槽专用数控加工装备是结合实际加工条件而生产出的专用机床,既有助于完善木材加工企业的生产模式,又能为企业创造巨额效益,在我国会有广阔的市场和发展前景本文主要研究门五金件安装孔槽的数控加工,以国内外门五金件安装孔槽的数控加工为基础,针对国内外的加工现状,探索出了一条成熟的工艺路线,使门五金件安装孔槽加工实现数控化、规模化、批量化。同时针对木门的加工工艺,提出了一种经济性强,配套灵活的门五金件安装孔槽数控加上模式,使其能满足门五金件批量互换的装配要求。为了对门五金件安装所用各类孔槽形状进行描述,建立了门五金件安装多孔槽的数学模型。为了实现孔槽参数测试,搭建了门五金件安装孔槽形状实测参数采集检测系统。利用数学模型与数控加工参数驱动建立门五金件安装孔槽加工的数控软件,然后将各种门五金件安装孔槽的形状集成在机床控制器内,通过图形对话的方式修改门五金件安装孔槽的尺寸参数,即可获得实际加工的尺寸,最后采用vC++6.0建立的门五金件安装孔槽数控加工仿真软件进行验证。构建了基于PC+运动控制器的开放式数控硬件平台以及门五金件安装孔槽数控硬件接口驱动机制。确定了数控系统参数、数控加工参数以及门五金件安装孔槽数控加工程序编制方法。进行了门五金件安装孔槽数控加工实验,实验结果与误差分析表明,研制的加工系统性能稳定、加工精度高,完全满足具有高质量、高精度、批量互换性的门五金件装配的数控加工要求。运用有限元、优化设计理论,对门五金件安装孔槽数控加工设备总体结构及关键技术进行研究设计,形成了门五金件安装孔槽数控加工行业的一项新的技术。解决门五金件安装孔槽加工行业难题,实现在一台设备一次装夹完成全部孔槽自动加工的需求,缩短加工周期,减少成本投入,提高生产效率,保证具有高质量、批量互换性的门五金件装配的生产要求。对实现门五金件安装孔槽数控加工的规模化、数字化具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are more and more people who like wooden doors because of their unique natural, wood nature, good texture and decorative characteristics, which bring a broader space for development to the wood industry. In the process of the doors processing, it is necessary to process the holes and slots for mounting hardware. Traditional methods of processing wooden doors can not meet people’s needs with the increased demand for high-grade wooden doors, with the increased demand for high-grade wooden doors. It is critical for the wood industry to reduce the labor intensity of the wooden door assembly, improve processing quality of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots and increase efficiency by using CNC technology. Processing the mounting holes and slots of wooden door hardware is not only a necessary important step of the wooden door production but also a difficult point in the wooden door production mechanization and automation. Traditional CNC processing of mounting holes and slots is finished by the engraving and milling machine or double-headed engraving machine. Since this traditional processing possesses the disadvantages of complex operation, low machining accuracy and the position large error is, it can not meet the high quality bulk interchangeability of wooden door hardware assembly production requirements. The mounting holes and slots special CNC machining equipment of wooden door hardware is a kind of special machine tool produced by considering the actual processing conditions, which not only help to improve the mode of production of wood processing enterprises but also to create huge benefits. There will be a broad market and development prospects in China.In this paper, CNC machining technology of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots is studied. The author takes mounting holes and slots CNC machining of domestic and international door hardware as the base, as for processing situation at home and abroad, a mature process route is explored, which make the mounting holes and slots processing of wooden door hardware numerical control, large scale and mass production. At the same time, an economic, flexible matching wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots CNC machining mode is raised in accordance with the processing of wooded doors, which can meet the assembly requirements for mass production and interchangeable of wooden door hardware.The shapes of the mounting holes and slots of wooden door hardware are described, and the mathematical models of the mounting holes and slots of wooden door hardware are built, in order to achieve holes and slots parameters test, actual measurement parameters acquisition and monitoring system of shape of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots are built.By mathematical modeling and numerical control machining parameters driving, the wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots CNC software is developed. Then, a variety of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots shapes are integrated into the machine tool controller. The size parameters of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots can be modified by a graphical dialogue, so that the size of the actual processing can be gotten. At last, the NC machining simulation software programmed by using VC++6.0is adopted to verify the wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots processing.An open architecture CNC controller hardware platform based on PC+motion-based open architecture CNC controller and the CNC hardware interface-driven mechanism of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots are built. CNC system parameters, CNC machining parameters, numerical control programming language and the NC machining programing ways of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots are determined. The CNC machining experiments of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots are carried out, and experimental results and error analysis show that the developed processing system possesses stable performance and high machining precision,which can fully meet the high quality, high-precision bulk interchangeability requirements.The overall structure of CNC machining equipment of wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots is designed and its key technology is studied by using finite element methods and optimal design theory, which is a new technology to solve the problems of the CNC machining industry of the wooden door hardware mounting holes and slots. Then, on the same machine, one clamping can finish all mounting holes and slots, which can shorten the processing cycle, reduce the cost, increase productivity, and ensure high quality and bulk interchangeability of wooden door hardware assembly production requirements. It has important significance for large-scale production and CNC machining.更多还原