【作者】 王汝佳；

【导师】 于建国；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 近些年来,随着汽车工业和交通运输业的迅速发展,汽车尾气对大气环境污染不断加剧,为此人们提出了新的汽车尾气净化方法,即利用纳米TiO2光催化降解材料治理汽车尾气污染的问题,将该材料喷洒在道路设施上,可以快速地将汽车排向地面方向的尾气加以净化,从而减少对环境的污染。因此对纳米TiO2喷洒机械进行相关设计及喷洒性能的研究,可以提高喷洒质量以达到充分利用纳米TiO2的目的。本文旨在以提高纳米TiO2光催化降解材料喷洒均匀度和喷洒质量为目标,全路况车为主要载体,设计车载纳米TiO2喷洒装备,并考虑到纳米TiO2光催化降解材料黏度、保湿性、表面张力的特性,对喷洒装备的喷洒特性进行系统的理论分析。首先,对车载纳米TiO2喷洒装备进行总体设计。将装备分为液流机构和机械机构。根据纳米TiO2的特点选择喷头、支管的布置方式、支管的长度及直径选择、支管的压力。建立车载纳米TiO2喷洒装备满载情况下的动力学模型并进行稳定性分析。其次,利用Delaunay三角剖分法和MATLAB科学计算软件,对不同行驶速度情况的车载喷洒装备进行喷洒特性分析。通过对平面纳米TiO2喷洒点的分布均匀度,采用三次样条多次插值法,将喷头的喷洒点分布数据转换为网格型。对喷头的方形和三角形组合喷洒特性情况进行理论分析,表明在相同喷洒控制面积内,正方形组合比三角形组合布置喷洒点的数据分布更加均匀,可以认为正方形组合均匀度要高于三角形组合均匀度。在此基础上,提出利用计算机模拟的方法对全路况车载纳米TiO2喷洒装备喷洒出的TiO2液滴的运动轨迹进行曲线拟合。提出了为纳米TiO2喷洒数据特征点建立数学模型,并选取合适的拟合函数,对4种车速情况下喷洒液滴轨迹进行曲线拟合。对比4种情况下的分布情况,得到在车速2.0m/s (7.2km/h)时,喷洒点的分布比较均匀。最后,初步建立了全路况车载TiO2喷洒装备性能评价体系。将评定指标设定为技术性能指标、经济性能指标和喷洒装备的能耗指标。用本文建立的评价指标体系对样品的路况车载TiO2喷洒装备的工作效率进行了评价。本文首次在全路况车上设计装配全套纳米TiO2的喷洒装备,从理论分析、模拟仿真对其进行理论性分析研究,对比四种车速情况下喷洒均匀度及喷洒特性,所研究的全路况车载纳米TiO2的喷洒装备具有较好的喷洒性能,是对光催化降解纳米TiO2材料喷洒方法及车载情况下喷洒性能评价的首次尝试,所以,该研究具有重要的理论意义与应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, the atmosphere environment pollution is increasing. Along with the enhancement of the public environmental awareness, vehicle exhausts emission standards and regulations more strictly. Today the automobile industry and the transportation are developing rapidly, people to raise new requirement ceaselessly on purifying automobile exhaust. TiO2nanometer photocatalytic of material management can using in degradation of automobile exhaust pollution, the TiO2nanometer photocatalytic material is sprayed on the road facilities, can quickly purification automobile exhaust to reduce the pollution of the environment. The design of nanometer TiO2spraying machinery and research of spraying performance can improve the spraying quality; achieve the goal of make full use of nanometer TiO2.Based on the current spraying machine of domestic and foreign which main application areas are agricultural and forestry irrigation and spraying, compared to water and pesticides, considering the TiO2nanometer photocatalytic degradation of material’s viscosity, moisture, surface tension have bigger difference, which vehicle spray equipment be used to spray the photocatalytic degradation of nanometer TiO2material has not been solved. In this paper, in order to improve the TiO2nanometer photocatalytic degradation of material spraying uniformity and spraying quality, all-terrain vehicle as the main carrier, designed for nanometer TiO2spraying equipment, based on this equipment,spraying equipment and spraying characteristics of systematic and theoretical analysis.The all-terrain vehicle nano-TiO2spraying equipment is designed firstly in this paper firstly. The equipment is consisted of liquid a flow mechanism and a mechanical mechanism. According to the characteristics of nanometer TiO2materical to choose the nozzle, pipe layout, pipe length and diameter, branch pipe pressure. A dynamic model of full-load condition all-terrain vehicle nano TiO2spraying equipment is establishment and the equiment’s stability is analysis.Secondly, the Delaunay triangulation method and MATLAB scientific computing software are used for analysising the all-terrain vehicle spray equipment spraying characteristics at different speeds. Based on the plane all-terrain vehicle TiO2anometer spraying point’s data distribution uniformity, the method of three order spline interpolation is used to convert the data of the nozzle spray distribution to a grid type. Based on model of the square and triangular combination nozzle, the spraying characteristics of theoretical is analysis, which based on the software indicated that under the same spraying control area, the square combination more uniformy than triangular layout spraying quantity distribution, the uniformity of square that is higher than that of triangular uniformity.A method of computer simulation is used to fit the the TiO2droplet trajectory which spray out from the all-terrain vehicle nano TiO2spraying equipment, based on the computer simulation to curve fitting. A mathematical model is established and a suitable fitting function is selected to put forward for nanoTiO2spraying data feature points and4cases of speed of spraying droplet trajectory are curved fitting. After comparison of4kinds of case the distribution, it is obtained spraying points more uniformity when spraying at speed2.0m/s (7.2km/h).Finally, based on the references, a performance evaluation system is built preliminary for evaluate the all-terrian vehicle TiO2spraying equipment. The evaluation is set based on the technical performance indicators, economic performance and spraying equipment energy consumption index. The all-terrian vehicle TiO2spraying equipment work efficiency and the applicator was evaluated by using the established evaluation index system.A full set of nanometer all-terrian vehicle TiO2spraying equipment is assembled and designed in this paper for the first time in the whole region. Based on the theoretical analysis, simulation and the theoretical analysis, the whole all-terrian vehicle nano TiO2spraying equipment had a good spraying performance based on the comparison of four kinds of speed case spraying uniformity and spray characteristics.Based on photocatalytic degradation of nanometer TiO2material and spraying method, the all-terrian vehicle TiO2spraying equipment has a good spraying performance, was the first attempt of evaluation for the equipment, which has important theory significance and application value.更多还原