【作者】 张剑光；

【导师】 程国平；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 企业管理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 日益复杂、动荡的环境给企业的生存发展带来了空前严峻的挑战。如何使企业适应环境的复杂与变化,持续健康的发展,是企业界和学术界共同关注的问题。一些学者发现,企业跟人一样,有自己的免疫力。试图借鉴生物免疫思想来探讨企业的免疫行为,并产生了一些创新性的研究成果。笔者在此研究的基础上,对企业免疫系统进行了较深入的研究。主要做了如下工作：重新界定了企业免疫力、企业异己和企业细胞的概念,分别分析了不同的企业异己和企业细胞之间的关系,扩展了企业免疫系统的功能,描述了企业免疫系统的构成和层次结构,探讨了企业免疫系统与生物免疫系统之间的映射关系和不同之处。界定了企业异己的内涵和特征,从生命周期和过程两个角度揭示了企业异己的演化机理,构建了企业异己的扫描系统。描述了企业免疫系统的异己应答过程,界定了应答流程所涉及的几个概念：免疫耐受、免疫记忆、异己库、策略库,从结果的角度探讨了企业免疫应答的类型,基于案例推理技术提出了企业异己案例库的构建思路。通过问卷调查和SPSS软件探索出了企业免疫力的影响因素模型,模型包括企业制度和能力的影响因素、企业文化的影响因素和企业战略和对外的因素3个维度。根据问卷调查结果,从生物免疫学的角度构建了企业免疫力的评价指标体系,并对每个指标如何影响企业免疫力的大小进行深入剖析,之后运用D-S证据理论对企业免疫力展开算例评价。从七个方面探讨了提升企业免疫力的途径：坚持运动——创新,保持良好的精神状态——激励机制+企业文化,均衡营养——平衡管理,健康体检——企业诊断,巩固第一道免疫防线——风险管理,接种疫苗——“病毒”应急预案,注重养生。从理论的角度来讲,研究成果可以丰富现有的企业免疫理论体系,本文的研究不足以及提出的研究难点和空白点为从事该领域研究的学者提供了未来的研究方向,活跃了该领域的研究。从实践的角度来讲,本文所提出的理论为企业增强其环境适应性提供了新的思维,促使企业去反思,如何更加的健康,而不是怎样强大,因此,具有较好的实践参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Increasingly complex, turbulent environment has brought unprecedented severe challenges to enterprises’ survival and development. How to enable enterprises to adapt to the changing environment, realize sustainable and healthy development has been the focus of enterprises and academic institutes. Some scholars found that enterprises like people have their own immunity. They try to use biological immune thought to explore the immune behavior of enterprise. A number of innovative research results emerge.based on the above research results, the author systematically and completely discussed the immune behavior of enterprise. The main work can be listed as follows:Renewably defines the concept of enterprise immunity, enterprises’ non-self and enterprise cells, respectively analyze the relationship between different enterprises’ non-self and enterprise cells, enlarge the function of enterprise immune system, describe the structure and hierarchical structure of enterprise immune system, and discusses the mapping relation and differences between enterprise immune system and biological immune system.Defines the content and features of enterprises’ non-self, reveal the evolution mechanism of enterprises’ non-self from two perspectives:the life cycle and process, and builds enterprises’ non-self scanning system.Describes the non-self’ response process of enterprise immune system, defines the concepts involved in the response process:immune tolerance, immune memory, non-self case base, policy base, and explores the types of immune response from the perspective of the results, finally puts forward the constructing thinking of non-self case base based on Case-based reasoning technology.Through questionnaires and SPSS obtains the influential factor model of enterprise immunity, which includes three dimensions:enterprise system and capabilities, corporate culture and business strategy and external relations.According to the survey results, from the perspective of biological immunology builds evaluation index system of enterprise immunity, after analyses how the indicators affect enterprise immunity. Finally, an example shows this method is effective and feasible.There are seven paths to improve enterprise immunity:continuous innovation, fine incentive mechanism and corporate culture, balance management, enterprise diagnosis, risk management, crisis plan management and health preservation.From theoretical perspective, the dissertation’s research can enrich the existing theory of enterprise immune system. The research lack, research difficulties and research blank of the dissertation propose the directions for scholars engaged in this research field, and activate this research field. From a practice perspective, the theory presented in this dissertation provides a new way of thinking for enterprises to enhance its environmental adaptability, encourages enterprises to reflect on how to be healthier, rather than how strong. Therefore, the research results have a good practice reference value.更多还原