明代以来河南历史文化地理研究（1368-1949）

【作者】 赵天改；

【导师】 周振鹤；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 历史地理学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 从空间上看,以往研究成果对河南文化的研究,多侧重于文化史的研究,注重文化现象在时间上的变迁,但是对于文化现象的空间关注度不够。从时间上看,前人所研究问题多集中在河南具有都城或者陪都地位的汉唐北宋时期,对于河南文化地位衰落以后的明清民国时期这一时段研究比较薄弱。从历史文化地理角度来看,尚无前人对河南区域文化地理进行多个文化因子的系统整体研究。笔者从历史地理学专业视角出发,对于明代以来河南历史文化地理的研究,重点关注两个问题。其一是空间问题。重点研究河南文化的省域特征和省内区域差异。这一点,主要通过对具体文化因子的时空演变过程的研究来展示。在研究河南省内对文化区域差异具有重要指标意义的风俗、方言、地方戏、民间信仰等文化因子历史时期空间分布的基础上,划出六个综合文化区,即河北文化区、陕州文化区、西府文化区、南阳文化区、豫东黄河文化区和豫南楚文化区。其二是时间问题。主要研究明代以来河南文化地位衰落的原因。这是以往学者不曾深入论述的问题。在研究方法上,采用代用指标间接分析法研究了现代河南方言研究领域长期忽略的闽语方言岛的分布问题。蝗神薄太后信仰由于历史悠久,连明清人都不清楚其信仰开始时间。笔者采用时间序列逆推法,用可信的最近的明清时期的资料一步一步向前逆推,终于推理出了薄太后信仰开始的东汉时代。虽然,研究的结果还有待时间的检验,然而在现有资料稀缺的条件下,丰富了历史地理学的研究方法。论文结论部分探讨了三个问题。其一是明代以来河南文化地位衰落的原因。对今天河南省的文化建设有一定的借鉴作用。其二,提出明代以来虽然河南儒学文化衰落了,然而民间信仰文化和戏剧文化却取得了大发展,认为明代以来河南戏剧文化的发达是河南民间信仰发达的催生结果之一。其三,探讨了文化与环境的互动机制,指出文化与环境互动的结果就是区域文化的分异。这是既往多部历史文化地理专著不曾注意的问题,推动了历史文化地理理论的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The previous studies on Henan’s culture mainly focused on cultural history in terms of space. They paid more attention on cultural changes at different times, but few on regional differences. In terms of the cultural history of Henan, culture during Han, Tang and Song Dynasties when the national capital or provisional capital was in Henan has been studied more thoroughly, but relatively weak during Ming, Qing and the Republic of China periods due to the decline of Henan’s cultural status.From the perspectives of historical geography, the author focused on two issues on the study of historical culture geography of Henan since Ming Dynasty. One was space issue, the dissertation mainly discussed Henan-culture’s provincial characteristics and regional differences within the province, it was demonstrated by the study of specific cultural factors’time-space evolution process. On the basis of the cultural factors historical spatial distribution of customs, dialects, local drama and folk belief which had significant meanings to cultural regional difference within Henan province. Henan can be divided into six integrated cultural districts:Hebei cultural district, Shanzhou cultural district. Xifu cultural district, Nanyang cultural district, Yudong Yellow River cultural district. Yunan Chu cultural district. The other one was time issue, the author studied Henan’s cultural decline cause since Ming Dynasty which was ignored by previous scholars.In terms of study method, the author used substitute target indirect method to analyse the Min-dialect island issue which was ignored in contemporary Henan dialect study field. The Locustdriving-God Bo-Empress Dowager belief was blurred since Ming-Qing Dynastry because of its remote history. The author used time array contrary-deduction method and reliable Ming-Qing materials, finally infered the starting peroid of East Han Danasty of the Bo-Empress Dowager belief. Although the result should be invested by time, but it enriched the study method of Historical Geography in the condition of the lack of available material.The conclusion part of the dissertation discussed three issues. One was the cultural status decline cause since Ming Dynasty, it had some referential meaning to mordern day Henan’cultual construction. Second was that the author regarded the Henan drama flourishing since Ming Dynasty as one of the Henan folk belief blooming’s acceleration results.Third was the discussion of mutual relationship between culture and environment, and pointed out that its result was the difference of regional culture, this issue was ignored by several previous historical culture geography books and thus promoted the theory development of historical culture geography.更多还原