【作者】 李南；

【导师】 杨秉德；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 论文以近代庐山、莫干山、鸡公山、北戴河避暑地为研究对象,从“避暑地的基本概念与研究视角”、“近代避暑地的形成与发展”、“近代避暑地的建筑活动”3方面开展研究工作。首先,回顾分析了相关文献资料及已有研究成果,提出了论文的研究思路、研究内容与研究方法。其后分析比较了避暑地形成的地理、气候、风景条件,阐明了避暑地的基本概念,阐述了近代避暑地相关章程的订立及其影响,在此基础上明确了论文研究的相关背景及研究视角。其次,将庐山、莫干山、鸡公山、北戴河避暑地的形成与发展按时序梳理为大致平行的4条线索展开论述,从而对四避暑地的发展进程形成整体性与比较性的架构。论文作者及其研究团队广泛搜集、整理、研究相关史料和文献,多次赴现场开展实地考察和建筑测绘,多次访问相关部门和个人,全方位获取充足的基础研究资料,取得了相当数量的一手考察资料和建筑测绘资料。在此基础上,运用计量史学及比较史学的研究方法,开展庐山、莫干山、鸡公山、北戴河避暑地的比较研究,完成了近代避暑地的综合性研究工作。论文从影响避暑地形成与发展的区位交通条件、西方教会、特定历史人物、人文历史事件等因素出发,研究这些影响因素对各避暑地形成发展的共性及个性化影响,其中区位与交通影响因素是避暑地开辟及形成发展的支撑促进要素；西方教会影响因素是避暑地早期开辟及建筑活动发展的主导性动力；特定历史人物影响因素是避暑地开辟及规划建设的推动性因素；人文历史事件影响因素是避暑地建筑活动发展进程阶段划分的关键性依据。进而,论文将避暑地建筑活动的发展进程划分为5个阶段,并理清了各发展阶段避暑地建筑活动的主要概况；将避暑地建筑活动的发展主线梳理为前后交叠与交替的“西方人建筑活动发展主线”与“中国人建筑活动发展主线”,并论述了两条发展主线中后者所具备的差异性特征,即以北戴河、鸡公山为代表的“北京政府主导型的中国人建筑活动发展主线鼎盛期的‘前置’”和以庐山、莫干山为代表的“南京政府主导型的中国人建筑活动发展主线鼎盛期的‘后置’”。再次,论文阐述了近代避暑地营造业、建筑师(工程师)、市政机构的基本状况,提出避暑地营造业、建筑师(工程师)、市政机构的出现开启了建筑活动的现代化进程,避暑地建筑活动的现代化进程受到近代主流城市的辐射与影响,避暑地建筑活动的现代化进程相对于近代主流城市的发展滞后的观点；运用计量史学的方法,研究避暑地近代建材及建筑符号,得出避暑地建筑活动塑造了有别于近代主流城市以及各避暑地间互异的“地方性知识”的结论。本论文是国家自然科学基金资助项目《基于创新研究观念与创新研究方法的中国近代建筑史研究》的研究成果之一(项目批准号50838007)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regarding modern summer resorts of Lushan Kuling, Mokanshan, Kikungshan and Peitaiho as research objects, the thesis starts the researches from 3 aspects which are "the general concept and research angle of view to the summer resorts", "the formation and development of modern summer resorts" and "the architectural activities in modern summer resorts"Firstly, on the basis of reviewing and analyzing relevant literatures and existing research achievements of modern summer resorts, the thesis puts forward the research thought, research content and research method. Afterwards, it has analyzed and compared the geographical, climatic and scenic conditions influencing on summer resorts’ formation, illustrated the general concept of summer resorts and expounded the conclusion of modern summer resorts’ constitution and its influences on summer resorts, which has clarified the relevant backgrounds and the research angle of view to the summer resorts.Secondly, the thesis presents the formation and development of Lushan Kuling, Mokanshan, Kikungshan and Peitaiho in 4 parallel timelines, which has constructed an integrated and comparative structure of 4 summer resorts’ developmental courses. The author and the research group have collected, arranged and researched the relevant historical materials or literatures extensively, explored the investigation works, mapped the historic architectures and visited the relevant dept. or individuals in location for several times, which has gained plenty of investigation materials and mapping data for research. Afterwards, by using quantitative and comparative method of history, the author has accomplished the integrated research works of 4 modern summer resorts. Regarding the influencing factors (location and transportation, modern western Christianity, special historical personality and cultural history events) which affect the formation and development of summer resorts as starting point, the thesis has examined the common or special influences of all the factors. Thereinto, location and transportation is the sustentative and accelerative factor for the summer resorts’ inauguration and development, modern western Christianity is the leading motivity of the summer resorts’ early inauguration and development of architectural activities, special historical personality is the impetus or propeller of the summer resorts’ inauguration, programming and construction and cultural history events is the crucial basis of dividing developmental periods of the 4 summer resorts’ architectural activities. Furthermore, the thesis compartmentalizes the courses of summer resorts’ architectural activities into 5 developmental periods and clarifies the architectural activities’ general situations in every period. The thesis settles the developmental clues into "the occidental architectural activities developmental clue"and "the Chinese architectural activities developmental clue" which are superposed fore-and-aft. Then it points out the different characters of the latter developmental clue which are "the ’preposition’ of the peak time of Chinese architectural activities developmental clue dominated by Beijing government", which is presented by Peitaiho and Kikungshan and "the ’postposition’ of the peak time of Chinese architectural activities developmental clue dominated by Nanjing government", which is presented by Lushan Kuling and Mokanshan.Thirdly, the thesis expounds the general situations in construction business, architects (engineers) and municipal organizations of the modern summer resorts and brings forward some viewpoints that the emergence of the summer resorts’ construction business, architects (engineers) and municipal organizations turned on the modernization of architectural activities, that the modernization of summer resorts’architectural activities was affected by the mainstream cities’, and that the modernization of summer resorts’architectural activities dropped behind the mainstream cities’. By using quantitative method of history, the thesis researches the modern construction materials and architectural symbols of the summer resorts and puts forward the viewpoint that the summer resorts’ architectural activities created some "local knowledge" which was either different from the mainstream cities’or from each other’s.The thesis is one of research achievements of the project A Study on the history of Chinese modern architecture based on the innovated idea and method, which supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.(Grant No.50838007)更多还原