【作者】 梁艳红；

【导师】 檀润华；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 知识是创新的基础,专利是产品创新、促进企业发展的重要知识资源,TRIZ是面向技术创新问题解决的专利知识挖掘,是目前产品创新设计领域最重要的理论之一。以TRIZ进化理论为基础的产品技术成熟度预测,以及冲突解决原理辅助产生创新方案,使企业的研发决策更加科学合理,使产品创新有据可循。论文在TRIZ理论研究的基础上,面向产品创新的关键技术——技术成熟度预测和发明原理,借助文本挖掘和自然语言理解等先进的技术手段,重点研究依托专利资源进行计算机辅助创新的实现方法,以拓宽设计人员的设计决策和创新能力。论文的主要内容包括以下几个方面:(1)提出了基于专利知识的产品创新设计方法,结合从专利文献中提取的有效知识和规律,增加创新设计的可预知性。(2)在应用技术成熟度预测和冲突解决原理时,利用文本挖掘技术对专利进行分析和研究,给出了基于文本挖掘技术进行专利分析并用于产品创新的一种新思路,不仅延展了专利研究的角度和应用,并且可促进发明原理对应专利知识库的建设,推动TRIZ理论自身的发展和完善。(3)分析了现有的产品技术成熟度预测方法,在Altshuller的专利考察模式基础上,研究了在现代信息化社会利用专利挖掘技术辅助企业进行技术成熟度预测的方法。论文根据专利文献的特点,给出了一套新的产品技术成熟度预测指标及其模型,开发了技术成熟度预测指标数据提取的软件系统,作为Invention Tool 3.0软件中技术进化模块的前处理系统。并应用该方法对美国的蝶阀产品进行了技术成熟度预测。(4)阐述了常用的专利分类标准,从产品创新设计角度出发,指出当前专利分类体系支持创新设计的局限性,提出了一种面向发明原理的专利分类标准,辅助TRIZ使用者在产品的概念设计阶段从各个领域的专利文献中汲取知识,增强创新设计的能力。(5)对英文专利的预处理技术和建立数学模型的方法进行了研究。在面向发明原理的专利分类中,对特征权重的计算方法、特征选择的方法和分类的方法进行了研究和试验。在此基础上,从TRIZ中选出10个发明原理,采用VC++程序设计语言实现软件编码,开发出了根据发明原理进行专利分类的软件,作为Invention Tool 3.0软件中冲突解决原理模块的后处理创新支持系统。并以造纸机为实例进行创新设计,帮助设计者产生原理方案,从而验证了该理论和方法的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Knowledge is the basis of innovation, and patent is a crucial knowledge resource to promote product innovation and enterprise development. TRIZ is patent knowledge mining oriented to technology innovative problem solved, which is one of the most important theories in innovative design field at present. The technology maturity of product forecasting based on TRIZ and principles of solving technical contradictions aided producing innovative schemes, make R & D decision-making of enterprises be more scientific, and product innovation have methodologies and evidences to support. On the basis of TRIZ and amazing at the key technologies of product innovation - technology maturity forecasting and Inventive Principles, this thesis focuses on computer supported innovation methods relying on the patents with text mining, natural language understanding and other advanced technologies, to broaden the designer’s capabilities of decisions and innovation. This thesis has the following contributions:A method of product innovative design based on patent knowledge is proposed, by extracting knowledge and rules from patent documents, to increase the predictability of innovative design.With the application of technology maturity forecasting and principles of solving contradictions, patents are analyzed on the basis of text mining technology. This is a kind of new way for product innovation. It not only extends views and methods of patent analysis, making patent analysis and application more simple and widespread, but also promotes the construction of patent knowledge base corresponding to Inventive Principles, which can promote the develop -ment and perfect of TRIZ theory itself.The existing methods of technology maturity forecasting are analyzed. Based on Altshuller’s patent review patterns, a method of technology maturity forecasting with text mining for patents is presented in the modern information society. According to the characteristics of patent literature, a suit of new indexes and models on technology forecasting of product maturity is put forward, and a software system is developed to extract the indexes data, which can be processing system before the technology evolution module of Invention Tool 3.0. The technology maturity of American butterfly valve is forecasted by using the method.Patent classification as technology in organizing and processing the huge amount of patent data, the common patent classification standards are described. From the perspective of product innovative design, the limitations of the current patent classification system supported innovative design is pointed out, the patent classification standard according to Inventive Principle is put forward. It can help TRIZ user obtain knowledge from patent literature in various fields, develop design ideas in product conceptual design phase, break the inertia of thinking, and enhance the ability of innovative design. Pretreatment technique of English patent and the method of establishing mathematical model are studied. In patent classification oriented for Inventive Principles, some feature selection methods are introduced and tested, the traditional TF-IDF feature weight calculation method is improved, and the classification methods are studied. On this basis, 10 Inventive Principles are selected, VC++ programming language is used for software code, visualization software for patent classification according to these Inventive Principles is developed as the post-processing innovation support system of principles of solving contradictions model in Invention Tool 3.0. And the paper machine is applied and verified as an example for innovative design with the reference in corresponding patents after principles determined to produce design schemes.更多还原