【作者】 巩冠群；

【导师】 谢广元；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 随着世界各国环保压力加大和洁净煤技术科技含量提升,国内外用煤企业对煤炭产品水分要求越来越高,浮选得到的微细粒精煤难脱水已成业界不争的事实,目前面向精煤脱水已有技术、方法及设备运用于生产,但是相关细精煤脱水机理研究还很欠缺,进一步开发高效脱水技术与设备已形成洁净煤技术发展的一个重要和关键内容。研究以微细粒难脱水浮选精煤脱水机理为对象,借助贝克曼激光粒度分析仪、显微成像、扫描电镜、Autosorb-1比表面测绘图谱等先进的微观研究技术,研究了细精煤筒式压滤脱水机理非均相分离特征;结合通过数学建模、回归分析,线性拟合、正交设计及Design-Expert软件等先进理论和试验方法,研究了微细粒浮选精煤脱水非均相分离的动力学作用规律、影响因素、基础理论思想及相关参数;通过失拟检测、损毁检测、F检验、滤饼分层切片结构及粒度筛分分析、目标权重分析、三维响应、模拟运算及方案优化等先进检测分析手段,建立和完善了细精煤筒式脱水理论,结果得到以下系列研究成果:论文创新性研究设计了互助漩流可变滤腔的隔膜压榨型套筒式细精煤压滤机,并就筒式压滤设备,分析了筒式压滤机压滤过程动态自增强结构效应及其力学特性,指出了其环筒耐压材料学基础,及内外筒不同分压方式的良好承载能力。开发和研制了新型细精煤筒式压滤脱水试验设备及装置工艺操作系统,可以实现过滤的一般式和携压进浆加压式,滤饼形成后可以完成二维加压脱水和二维隔膜压榨脱水,并且两个过程四种脱水方式可以实现自由组合或单独使用,形成先进的综合脱水新型技术工艺。首次研究建立了浮选细精煤压滤脱水非均相分离作用机理,创新性提出对于细精煤浆固液分离的二维过滤速度是滤饼本身性质,流体黏度及浓度,介质材料,过滤压力,过滤设备结构等5类影响因素的综合效应。首次通过细精煤脱水动力学模型方程简化及求解,研究得到了细精煤筒式压滤脱水的动力学运行规律及动力学作用理论,针对具体煤种给出了具体的细精煤筒式压滤脱水方程。创新性建立了细精煤压滤脱水压密过程5种特点。并由此研究得到细精煤二维筒式压滤压密段压榨比理论,及压密过程非常重要的压密系数C e的简捷表达式。论文通过细精煤筒式压滤脱水过程参数及评价指标研究,创新性得到细精煤筒式压滤脱水作用机理下,针对具体煤种,滤饼水分、滤液固含量与其影响因素之间的函数关系。并给出了细精煤脱水滤饼水分和滤液固含量各自10种优化组合方案及各自首推方案,首推方案评价指标理想值滤饼水分为12.28%,滤液固含量为0.30g/l。论文最后对课题存在问题及未来发展作了分析与展望。论文共包含82幅图,60个表格,216篇参考文献。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increase of pressure on the world environment and the improvement of scientific and technological content of clean coal technology, domestic and foreign coal enterprises’requirement on coal product moisture is becoming higher and higher. The difficulty to dewater for micro-fine flotation clean coal becomes an indisputable fact. Although coal dewatering techniques, methods and equipment have been used in production at present, the related mechanism of fine coal dewatering is still lacking, and development of efficient dewatering technology and equipment has become an important and critical content of clean coal technology development.The dewatering mechanism of hard-dewatered micro-fine flotation clean coal was researched, and heterogeneous separation characteristics of dewatering mechanism of fine clean coal tube type filter pressing were researched with advanced micro-mapping research techniques of Bei Keman laser particle size analyzer,microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Autosorb-1 specific surface area maps. The dynamic rule of heterogeneous phase separation, factors, basic theoretical ideas, and related parameters of micro-fine flotation clean coal dewatering were researched through advanced theory and experimental methods of mathematical modeling, regression analysis, linear regression, orthogonal design and Design-Expert software. Fine clean coal tube type dewatering theory was established and improved through advanced detection methods of Lack of fit analysis, damage detection, F test, structure and size analysis of cake slicing, objective weight analysis ,three-dimensional response, analog calculation and scheme optimization. The detailed research contents and innovations were summarized as follow.In this dissertation, membrane pressing tube type fine clean coal filter with swirling flow and variable filter chamber was designed innovatively. According to the tube type pressing equipment, the dynamic self-reinforced structure effects in pressing process and mechanical properties of the tube type filter were analyzed; the materials fundamentals of the ring cylinder to pressure and the good carrying capacity of the Inside and outside tube to different ways of pressure dissolution were pointed out.A new type of tube type fine clean coal filter and the operating system were designed. The filter can achieve general filtering and pressure filtering accompanies filter pulp carrying pressure. Two-dimensional pressure dewatering and two-dimensional membrane press dewatering can be achieved after the formation of cake. In addition, the above two processes and four ways can achieve free combination or use alone to form advanced comprehensive new dewatering techniques.This research first established the mechanism of heterogeneous phase separation of flotation fine clean coal filter pressing dewatering. Experimental results demonstrated innovatively that influential factors to fine coal slurry filtration rate of two-dimensional solid-liquid separation were: the nature of the cake, fluid viscosity and density, medium materials, filtration pressure, and the structure of the filtration equipment.Dynamic rule of fine clean coal tube type filter pressing dewatering and the dynamic mechanism were first obtained by simplifying and solving the dynamic equations of fine clean coal dewatering. The specific equation of fine clean coal tube type filter pressing dewatering was established according to specific coal.5 characteristics of squeezing process of fine clean coal filter pressing dewatering were established innovatively. According to above research, squeezing ratio was obtained in the squeezing phase of fine clean coal two-dimensional tube type filter pressing, so was the simple expression of a very important coefficient C e in the squeezing process.Functional relationship in connection with specific coal between filter cake moisture, solid content of filtrate,and factors was established innovatively by researching parameters and evaluating indicator of fine clean coal filter pressing dewatering. In the dissertation, 10 optimized programs and the optimal program were given about filter cake moisture and solid content of filtrate. The filter cake moisture of optimal program was 12.28%, and the solid content of filtrate of optimal program was 0.30g/l .At the end of this dissertation, problems and development of the research were pointed out.The dissertation hesis contains 82 figures, 60 tables and 216 references.更多还原