【作者】 王韧；

【导师】 陈新汉；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文力求在剧烈的社会变革、尤其是网络社会带来的变革的时代洪流中,寻找政府治理、公众参与和社会发展的秩序和路径,从而对未来政府改革及民主政治发展方向有所借鉴和推动。建国以来,在计划经济体制下,涉及到广大民众利益的重大改革举措,大都是通过政府自上而下的推行来实现的,公众政治参与的机制和渠道比较有限。随着我国步入转型时期,利益多元化趋势日益明显,不同社会群体和阶层的权利意识被不断唤醒和强化,公众的利益诉求越来越强烈,越来越多样,引发了整个社会广泛的利益调整和冲突,对利益的追求和权利的保护成为政治参与的重要推动力。政府在自身转型中如何及时地满足公众的诉求就显得越来越紧迫。因此,不断改革和完善政治参与,不仅十分必要,而且势在必行。网络是由人类在20世纪创造并将勃兴于21世纪的高新技术发展的结晶,是信息传播领域中的数字化革命。目前我们这个占世界人口五分之一,有五千年文明史的国家,正在急速走进数字化时代。网络的出现,使得公民的政治参与变得更加自由、直接、便利和强大。作为高新科技的成果,网络将计算机技术和通讯技术完美结合,一旦被纳入公民参与的支持系统,必将发挥巨大的作用。从网络政治参与的表象来看,网络环境下的政治参与过程是一种全新的公民参与方式,一些重大事件形成了颇具影响力的网络舆论,为党和政府提供了一个很好的听取民意的平台。从网络政治参与的实质来看,网络政治参与是一种体制外的政治参与,是民众评价活动,是网民对党和政府及其官员作为的评价和干涉。这种体制外的参与之所以有威力,就是它是一种民众评价活动,具有民众评价活动权威性发生作用的“强制力量”机制。网络上的舆论是一种巨大的力量。当一种网络评价活动的具体形式在进行的时候,这种无孔不入的氛围,使所指向的对象无可躲藏和逃逸,使党和政府等“权威评价部门”感觉一定要通过党纪国法的“强制力量”来维持现有的秩序安排,强大压力迫使领导部门或司法机关开展深入调查相关事件,惩罚处事不当的当事人和责任主体,最终给责任者以相应的“罪与罚”,给难以自圆其说的制度设计以应有的“改与废”。网络就像一把双刃剑,在给人们带来方便的同时,也必然产生一些问题。目前,网络参与面临着信息客观性问题、参与公平性问题及参与规范性问题等,使得网络政治参与处于一种“众声喧哗”的状况,甚至有些失序的现象。因此必须采取一定措施对其进行相应的规范,引导网民有序地参与政治生活。笔者认为进行网络环境下公众政治参与研究,对刚刚跨入21世纪的中国具有十分积极的现实意义和十分深刻的长远意义。因此,把《公众网络政治参与研究》这一选题作为毕业论文的课题,加以研究。但是笔者也深知这个领域研究的困难。因为写网络方面的论文,有点像用弓箭去射高速飞行的子弹,正当你敲打键盘时,网络政治参与又获得新的突破。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the social change, especially severe social network era of the arrival of the government and the public, and the development of the society, so as to order and path future direction of the reform. The government and people for social great and far-reaching influence. Since the reform and opening, involving the public interests of the major reform initiatives, mostly by the government to implement the top-down, public participation mechanism and channel is limited. Along with our country into the transformation period, the trend of diversification benefits, different social groups and class consciousness awakens and strengthen constantly, the public interest demand is more and more intense, more and more diverse, cause the whole social broad interests conflict of interests, adjustment and the pursuit of the rights and protection of the people’s political participation will become an important impetus. The government in its transformation in how to meet the people in the appeal appears more and more urgent. Therefore, the reform and improve the political participation, not only necessary, but is imperative.Network is created by mankind in the 20th century and will contribute to the development of high technology in the 21st century, is the crystallization of the digital revolution in the field of information transmission. We currently the fifth of the world’s population, has a history of five thousand years of history, is rapidly into digital era, the political participation of the network, the mechanism is being paved channel, some significant events formed influential network media, for the government to provide a good platform of public opinion. As a new thing, and the network with deviation, often also participate even become "network mob". This is the tendency to our vigilance.Actually, the political participation in public network evaluation activity this Angle, more easily grasp the essence that network political participation is a system of public participation in politics, as in government, is the evaluation. This system in the outside, it is powerful, a public evaluation activity, with public evaluation activity authority acting "conscience" mechanism and "mandatory power" mechanism. And the corresponding evaluation activities of authoritative evaluation activity is, by its body is certain groups, authority is the highest, certain groups do for "social general conclusion acknowledged", in order to reflect social evaluation, this is the authority of authoritative evaluation activity. Due to the object of authoritative evaluation activity and social groups are always linked together with the community, which most people benefit together, then become public interest: Conversely, the public interest and the object of attention from authority. If the government authority in the evaluation of equivalent decision-making, execution, etc, then, directly or indirectly, by the government decision will affect the behavior of concern and reasoning. The traditional political participation through the National People’s Congress, etc, but these channels to achieve political representatives sometimes just represent, and not all the people "to" to participating politics. At that time, network and Internet, make the general public network political participation, creates the evaluation system of the public.The author thinks under network environment, the people’s political participation of the research of the 21st century China is of positive significance and very deep long. Therefore, the study of the political participation of graduation thesis topic as a subject, the research.But the author also know that this research field. Because of the network, a bit like to shoot with bows and arrows flying bullets, as you knock the keyboard, the network and the new breakthrough.更多还原