【作者】 柯镇昌；

【导师】 邵炳军；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文以战国散文文体为研究对象,研究的文本包含出土文献、传世文献中的散文作品以及史传散文中著录的成文,系统地探讨了战国时期散文文体的大致风貌。其中涉及的散文文体有论、说、命令、律令、檄、谏、议、对、表、盟、誓、诅、祝、书、传记、典记等多种,论述的内容涉及到这些文体的概念辨析、溯源分类、体制特征、风格风貌、文化意蕴、嬗变历程、后世影响等。本文的绪论部分简要交代文章的选题意义、前人的研究状况和本文研究的思路、方法等。第一章主要论述战国时代的名称、分期与特征、文体的概念与分类,战国散文的基本概况及其文体分类,探讨战国散文在文体分类与界定时的特殊性与解决方法。第二章以战国论体为研究对象,认为战国论体文按照体式的不同可以大致分为语录式、对话式、寓论式、专论式和解注式五种。第三章以战国说体为研究对象,考察了战国游说、传说和小说的概念、体制和风格特征。第四章以战国诏令类文体为研究对象,探讨了战国命令体、律令体和檄体的概念、体制及后世流变。第五章以战国奏议类文体为研究对象,探讨战国谏体、议体、对体和表体的概念、体制及写作特色。第六章以战国祝盟类文体和书牍类文体为研究对象,探讨战国盟誓载书、诅祝文及书信等文体的大致风貌。第七章以记体文为主要研究对象,探讨战国传记、典记的概念、写作规范与风格特征。通过上述考察,本文得出以下一些结论:第一,战国时期是散文文体进一步发展和成熟的时期,尽管后世多种文体在此时还没有出现,但其文体功能、体式及风格特征已经逐步显现并不断成熟。第二,战国时期各种散文文体的创作以论体和说体最为丰富,占据了诸子散文和史传散文中的绝大部分。战国散文以议论、记叙为主,抒情散文颇为少见。在体式上既有思路多变、不拘一格的诡异之文,也有大量形式单一的公式化文章。第三,多种战国散文文体以记言为主,记事为记言服务,记言是文章的主体和精华。第四,在艺术手法上,各种文体的散文都注重修辞,尤喜对偶和引经据典,不以推理为能;又其语言风格多样,虽不乏瑰丽之辞,但总以简明洗练为主。第五,战国散文中的虚构成分日渐增多,是其文学性显著提升的重要因素。先秦散文经历了由记述到告述和追述,再到表述和论述,最后到注述和拟述的过程。战国时期是记述、告述以及表述和论述日渐发展和成熟的时期,也是拟述正式出现的重要时期。拟述的出现,对于文学走向自觉具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the the prose style in Zhanguo Dynasty as the research object and based on the investigation of the unearthed documents and the handed literatures and the prose which is contained in historical-biography prose, this paper systematically explores the roughly style of the prose style in Zhanguo Dynasty. The prose style involved in this paper includes Lun(论), Shuo(说), Orders,Decrees,Xi(檄),Suggestion(谏),Discussion(议),Di(对),Biao(表),Mengshi Paper(盟誓载书),Zu(诅),Zhu(祝),Letters,Biography(传记)and Canon Remember(典记), its content involves their conception,traceability classification,system characteristics,cultural connotations,styles and features evolution process and influence on later generations , etc.The Introduction Part of this paper briefly talks the origin and meaning of this paper, previous subject status of study and investigative thought, method studied in this paper. The first chapter discusses the name, the installment and characteristic style in Zhanguo Dynasty, the concepts and classifications of style, the basic situation of the prose style in Zhanguo Dynasty and its classification, and probes into the particularity and solutions of the prose style in Zhanguo Dynasty in its classification and demarcation.The research object of the second chapter is Lun in Zhanguo Dynasty. According to the different style, Lun in Zhanguo Dynasty can be roughly divided into sayings type, conversational, fable type, monograph type and explained type. The research object of the third chapter is Shuo in Zhanguo Dynasty. It inspected the concept, structure and style characteristics of Youshuo,Legend,Novel in Zhanguo Dynasty. The research object of the fourth chapter is Edict in Zhanguo Dynasty. It inspected the concepts, structures and later flow of Orders,Decrees,Novel in Zhanguo Dynasty. The research object of the fifth chapter is Memorials in Zhanguo Dynasty. It inspected the concepts, structures and writing features of Suggestion,Discussion,Di,Biao in Zhanguo Dynasty. The research object of the sixth chapter is Zhumeng(祝盟) and Letters in Zhanguo Dynasty. It inspected the roughly style of Mengshi Paper,Zu,Zhu and Letters in Zhanguo Dynasty. The research object of the seventh chapter is J(i记体)in Zhanguo Dynasty. It inspected the concepts, writing norms and style characteristics of Biography and Canon Remember in Zhanguo Dynasty.Through the above investigation, this paper concluded that the following conclusions:First, Zhanguo Dynasty is the period for prose style to develop and mature further. Despite various styles which appeared later hadn’t appeared at that time, their stylistic functions, asana and style characteristics had already appeared and continued to mature gradually.Second, in the creation of various prose style, the creation of Lun and Shuo was the most abundant and occupied most of the philosophers prose and historical-biography prose. In Zhanguo Dynasty, comment prose and narrative prose were abundant while lyrical prose was quite rare. There were not only some prose of which ideas were changeful and eclectic but also some prose of which form were single and formulational.Third, narration was the main in some prose in Zhanguo Dynasty, notes serviced for narration and narration were the essence of the prose.Fourth, in art gimmick, various style prose focused rhetoric, paying attention to the dual and quotations and lacking of reasoning. And their language style was diversity, although magnificent words were very abundant, concise and succinct was their main style.Fifth, imaginary components in the prose in Zhanguo Dynasty were increased gradually, which was the increasingly important factors to mark its significantly increased literariness. The pre-Qin prose accounts to experience a process from Record and Added Record, again to Express and Discussed, finally to Explain and Imagination. Zhanguo Dynasty is the important period during which Record,Telling, Express and Discussion matured and developed gradually and Imagination appeared formally. Appearing of Imagination in literature was very important for Chinese classical literature to be conscious.更多还原