【作者】 卓嘎；

【导师】 廖伯琴；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文主要依照国内外藏学界研究成果以及文化传播学、科学教育学等相关理论基础,结合作者实地田野调查,着重对藏族天文历算传承模式存在类型、状态及其历史变迁予以了比较系统的阐述和研究。在调查地点的选择上,依据藏族天文历算文化发展历史及现状,选取了西藏拉萨、山南、日喀则、青海藏区、甘南藏区作为主要考察地点。论文主要包含两大研究：研究一主要阐述藏族天文历算传承模式。结合文献资料及田野考察,以传承空间为维度将藏族天文历算传承模式分为家族传承模式、寺院传承模式及学校传承模式三种大的类型。结合传播学理论及前人研究基础,认为藏族天文历算的传承模式包括传承主体(传授者、授受者)、传承内容、传承方式、传承目的、传承影响范围五个方面,并以此为据,分析了不同传承模式的发展历程及其特点。论文认为,家族与寺院是传统藏族社会天文历算得以延续的主要传承空间,近代随着学校传承模式的出现,家族、寺院传承逐渐呈现式微趋势。研究二主要讨论藏族天文历算传承模式的变迁。通过梳理、分析三种传承模式之间的相互关系,认为近代社会是天文历算传承模式发生变迁的转折点,这一时期也是藏族社会开始从农牧经济为主体的传统社会逐步走向现代社会的时期。据此分析了依存于两种社会结构中的天文历算传承模式及其特点,最后通过比较,得出相应结论。研究最后结论如下：1.以空间为维度的藏族天文历算传承模式主要有家族传承模式、寺院传承模式及学校传承模式三大类。2.17世纪末18世纪始,学校传承模式开始出现；一部分藏区格鲁派寺院开始广泛兴建时轮学院,培养历算人才；19世纪末20世纪初,学校传承模式进一步发展,并逐步发展成为天文历算传承主体,寺院、家族传承呈现式微。3.传承主体由寺院僧侣、“阿巴”家族群体转变为现代师生为主；4.传承内容以历书的编制、藏医与藏历结合的天文历算内容为主,与此相应培养藏医药师、历算人才的传承目的凸显出来；5.传承模式的变迁反映了“人与自然”和合相生的传统理念的逐步迁移。本研究第一次从科学教育学、文化传播学等视角对藏族传统科技文化之一的天文历算的传承模式及其变迁进行了研究,初步得出了相关结论,填补了藏族天文历算相关研究空白。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the down-to-date research findings both at home and abroad, together with the author’s on-the-spot observation, this paper mainly focuses on the investigation on the existing types, status and historical evolution of Tibetan mathematical astronomy inheritance modes.As for the choice of the investigation site, the author selects Lhasa, Shannan.Xigaze, Xining, Ganna area as the main investigation site based on the history and the present situation of Tibetan mathematical astronomy.This thesis mainly includes the following two aspects: The first part mainly expounds the Tibetan mathematical astronomy inheritance model. Based on literatures information and field investigation, to inheriting space for dimension believe that Tibetan astronomy inheritance modes mainly include family inheritance model, temple inheritance model and school inheritance model. At the same time, based on previous studies and communication theory, it is believed that Tibetan mathematical astronomy inheritance model should include five aspects:the body, the method, the content, the purpose and the effect. Based on this, the author analyzes the development process and characteristics of the different inheritance modes, and draws the relevant conclusions.The second part mainly discusses the change of Tibetan mathematical astronomy inheritance mode. By analyzing the relationship among three inheritance modes, the author believes that the modern society, a period when Tibet society developed from agro-pastoral economy to modern society, is the turning point of astronomy inheritance mode. Then the author analyzes two astronomy inheritance modes in two different social structures by comparing the conditions and the characteristics of them, and draws the conclusion. The final conclusions can be summarized as follows:1. According to space for dimension, Tibetan mathematical astronomy inheritance model mainly have three categories:familial inheritance model, temple inheritance model and school inheritance model.2. in late 17th century and early 18th century, the school inheritance model began to appear; the remote area from Tibetan monasteries build 3rd to cultivate talented person to do the calendar calculation; in late 19th century and the early 20th century, the school inheritance model further developed, and gradually developed into mathematical astronomy inheritance subject, monasteries, family heritage present declined.3.Inheritance subjects changed from emple monks and Aba family groups to modern teachers and students4.The content of the Modern inheritance includes the compilation of almanac, the combination of Tibetan medicine and Tibetan calendar, meanwhile, the purpose of training Tibetan pharmacists and talent calendar calculation is highlighted.5. The change of the Inheritance model reflects the traditional concept which the "man and nature" harmonious be gradual migration.更多还原