【作者】 曹建涛；

【导师】 来兴平；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 采矿工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 急斜煤层是指赋存角度45-90°的煤层。由于急斜煤层的形成是由于后期地质构造运动而造成的,从而其赋存条件、煤层结构、开采应力环境、地质力学条件都比其它类煤层赋存环境特殊。在其开采过程中围岩运动规律、矿井水移动规律和气体迁移规律更比其它条件煤层复杂。因此,研究急斜煤层开采“固-液-气”(Solid-Liquid-Gas,S-L-G)耦合作用过程不论是对现场安全生产技术改进,还是对急斜煤层开采理论的拓展都具有十分重要的意义。论文以急斜煤层综放开采为研究对象,利用“固-液-气”三相介质物理相似模拟实验、数值计算和现场生产实践相结合的技术手段,分析了“固-液-气”三相介质在急斜煤层综放开采过程中的耦合作用特征。研究表明,煤层属于中硬煤层,解理裂隙发育,孔隙大小分布不均,吸附瓦斯能力较差,瓦斯易于解吸。并且煤层孔喉连通状况差,而持水性极强,工作面及巷道极易产生塑性变形,容易发生整体垮落或剪切滑移,容易造成矿井水或瓦斯涌入工作面造成灾害的潜在危险。在急斜煤层综放开采过程中“顶煤-水-瓦斯”三相介质在不同开采阶段和不同围岩介质条件下,其耦合作用特征有明显区别,在开采扰动区内围岩损伤程度、破坏强度与幅度也明显不同,围岩变形、垮落具有明显的非对称性,周期来压显现强烈。根据压力、位移和声发射指标及相关特征参数,得出了在三相介质耦合效应作用下损伤破坏、加速破坏和瞬间破坏3种煤岩体失稳判别模式,这为现场动力失稳预测提供了定量的指标参数,为现场安全开采提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Steep coal seams refer to the occurrence of 45-90°angle of the seam. Since the formation of steep coal seam is due to the late geological formation motion, so its occurrence conditions,coal seam structure,mining stress environment,geomechanics conditions are more special than other kinds of coal seams’occurrence environment. During its exploration, the rules of rock movement, mine water movement and gas migration are more complex than other conditions coal seam’s rules. Therefore, the study of "solid-liquid-gas" (S-L-G) coupling effect process during mining the steep coal seam is great significance for improving production technology on site, or the development of mining theory in steep seam.Papers mainly research on the fully-mechanized caving of the steep coal seam, using the technical means of "solid-liquid-gas" three-phase mediator physical simulation experiments, numerical calculation,and combination of on site production practice,we analysis the features of coupling effect process of "solid-liquid-gas" three-phase mediator during mining in steep coal seam.Research shows that, coal seam belongs to medium-hard seam,it contains lots of cleavages and fissures;the capicity of absorbing methane is poor, and methane.is easy to release. And pore connectivity in coal seam is poor,while the capacity of water-holding is extremely strong,face and roadway can easily generate plastic deformation,inclined to occur overall collapse or shear slip,easily formating the potential risks of mine water or gas disaster influxing into face.In the region of mining disturbances, damage degree of surrounding rock,the strength and amplitude of destruction have significantly difference,surrounding rock deformation and collapse has obvious non-symmetry,periodic pressure behavior shows strong,displacements,acoustic emission target and related characteristics parameters,the three identification modes of coal and rock,damage,accelerated destruction and transient failure are obtained under coupling effect of three-phase mediator,which provides quantitative parameters for predict dynamic buckling on-site, and has some reference for safety mining on-site.更多还原