【作者】 张成凤；

【导师】 吕洪波；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 地质学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 济阳坳陷是在前中生代基底之上发育的中、新生代叠合盆地,其新生代构造演化及其大地构造背景的讨论一直是渤海湾盆地构造研究的热点。本文利用强旋回地层(南盘江盆地中三叠统复理石韵律的野外测量数据)和弱旋回地层(东营凹陷北部陡坡带古近系5口井的数据)数据进行模拟对比,从马尔科夫链原理出发,对其进行了频数转移矩阵、概率转移矩阵、极限概率矩阵、环流矩阵和置换分析等沉积旋回最优分解综合分析。分析过程中发现并命名了循环链和二级循环链,并对循环链进行了处理。通过分析模拟获得了状态循环模式图,建立了不同地点、不同层位的旋回结构模式并通过计算机自动模拟出图。最后,对于强旋回地层结合野外观测的沉积构造等相标志分析对比了不同地点的韵律结构和沉积环境的关系,而对于弱旋回地层则结合了岩性柱状图分析对比了每一口井的旋回模式和沉积环境的关系,确认了古近系东营凹陷水体的变化过程是由浅变深再变浅,从下至上沉积相整体上表现为两个旋回,即扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘、前扇三角洲亚相逐渐转变为近岸水下扇相、湖相、滑塌浊积扇相的沉积组合,再由湖相、滑塌浊积扇相逐渐转变为近岸水下扇、三角洲前缘、三角洲平原亚相的沉积组合。在该时期,湖盆不断扩大,沉积中心不断南迁。认为该区在整个古近纪中处于济阳坳陷整体不断拉伸,“北断南超”构造格局进一步扩大的构造背景。物源区性质的转变与盆地的构造背景的变化是密不可分的,盆地的构造演化特点决定着沉积区物源的性质。在采用马尔科夫链模拟的基础之上,利用碎屑岩的QFL图解对济阳坳陷区不同层位物源性质和构造背景分析可知,盆地的构造演化背景为从晚古生代作为相对平缓的华北盆地的一部分,逐渐差异分化而演化成新生代高低不平的陆相盆地。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jiyang Depression is a Mesozoic-Cenozoic superimposed basin that based on Pre-Mesozoic basement, Thus, the Cenozoic tectonic setting and evolution becomes a hot topic in the research on the Bohai Bay Basins.Strong cyclic strata (field data from flysch rhythmic sequences of middle Triassic in the Nanpanjiang Basin) and weak cyclic strata (data from five wells in the north slope of Dongying Sag) were used in the simulation in this paper. The Markov chain simulation method is mainly used to create transition probability matrices, limit probability matrices, circulation matrices and replacement analysis. The author found and named the cyclic chain and the secondary cyclic chain. State cycle mode charts were gained by the computer simulation, modes of different locations and different cycles were established as well.According to sedimentary structures, as to the strong cycle strata, the relationship between rhythmic structures and sedimentary environments was established. While as to the weak cycle strata, according to the lithological column, the relationship between the mode of the cycles and the sedimentary enviroments was compared. It is confirmed that the water-body alternated from shallow to deep and then shallow during the Eogene, the sediment facies could be divided into two cycles upward,ie the group of fan-delta plain, fan delta front and frontal fan delta subfacies to the group of near shore subequeos fan facies, lacustrine facies and slump turbidite facies, then the former to the near shore subequeos fan facies, delta front and fan plain subfacies. The basin was expanding and the depocenter was moving to southward all the time. Jiyang Depression was stretching, with the regime of“faults in the north, overlap in the south”, in the whole Paleogene.There is a close relationship between the changes of the provenance and the tectonic setting evolution in Jiyang Depression, because tectonic setting always control the provenance of sedimentary basins.Apart from markov chain simulation on the sedimentary strata, QFL (Q-quartz, F-feldspar, L-lithics) diagrams were used to aid the analyis of the different provenances and tectonic settings of Jiyang Depression, As a part of North China Basin, Jiyang Depression also evolved from part of a flat area in the Late Paleozoic to a continental depression with uneven surfaces.更多还原