【作者】 张佳；

【导师】 杜殿发；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 油气田开发工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了利用过热蒸汽开采稠油的新技术,过热蒸汽吞吐。过热蒸汽是一种过饱和干蒸汽。将干饱和蒸汽继续加热,就可得到过热蒸汽。过热蒸汽具有高干度和高热焓值的特点,可以有效提高油层的加热半径和波及体积。因此,过热蒸汽吞吐对于稠油油藏特别是超稠油油藏的开采具有积极和广泛意义。本文在调研稠油油藏的分布状况及国内外应用过热蒸汽开采稠油现状的基础上,介绍了过热蒸汽的基本概念,对其物性参数和特征进行了描述。同时,阐明了过热蒸汽的制备方法,过热蒸汽吞吐的増油机理,以及过热蒸汽对地层和原油的作用。总结出过热蒸汽在稠油油藏开采中的适用性及可能存在的问题;通过质量、动量、能量守恒等方程以及过热蒸汽PVT数据体的引入,建立了注过热蒸汽井筒沿程参数模型,并以图表的方式详述了数学模型的求解方式。在一定假设的前提下,推导出了过热蒸汽带面积及加热带半径的数学表达式;在确定经济指标的基础上,研究了油藏流体和地层参数对过热蒸汽吞吐的影响,并对各参数进行了敏感性分析,明确了过热蒸汽吞吐的地层、流体极限数值;根据过热蒸气吞吐井的生产特征,建立了两区复合油藏拟稳态数学模型。因为许多非牛顿流体的流变行为可以由幂律函数表征,因此本文用负幂指数来反映粘度在热油区径向上的变化,从而推导出一个新的过热蒸汽吞吐产能公式。上述工作的完成为现场施工提供了理论依据,为研究开发效果好、成本低的稠油增产新技术提供了重要的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper concentrates on the study of new technologies on using superheated steam to exploit heavy oil. The effects of input heat extraction depend largely on the amount of the input heat and the tempreture of the oil improvement.On the basis of studying the distribution of heavy oil and applicating superheated steam to study the status of the exploitation of heavy oil at home and abroad, this paper intruduces the basic concept of superheated steam and describes its nature and characteristics. It also tells the production methods of superheated steam and the circuit of steam injection for thermal recovery process that generates superheated steam; it sums up the superheated steam used in heavy oil recovery and the possible problems.With the introduction of the PVT data sets, this paper builds a calculation model of on-way parameters in the superheated steam injection wellbore. Based on some basic hypothesis, the mathematic expressions of superheated steam heating area and heating radius are presented. In this paper, the influence of reservoir geological and fluid parameters on the production effect of super-heated steam puff and huff has been studied in detail based on the built economic indicators. And a sensitive analysis on various parameters is also investigated. The limits of geological and fluid parameters of super-heavy oil reservoirs which are suitable to be developed by super-heated steam huff and puff are given. Based on production performance of super-heated huff and puff well, a pseudosteady state mathematical model of two-block composite oil reservoir is built. Rheological behavior of many non-Newtonian fluids can be described by using power-law equation, thus radial change of oil viscosity in hot-zone is t reated in negative power exponential form to establish a new deliverability formula with skin effect being considered.The completion of the work above provides an important theoretical basis for the development of an effective and low-cost thickened oil recovery new technology.更多还原