【作者】 王瑛；

【导师】 陈树强；

【作者基本信息】 中国青年政治学院 ， 社会学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 2008年注定是要给中华民族的国民心理留下永久且深刻记忆的一个年份。5月12日14时28分发生在四川汶川的里氏8级特大地震,波及10省(市)、417个县,受灾人口4000多万……整个国家被地球瞬间能量释放造成的巨大灾难所刺伤。地震发生后,中国政府第一时间启动了全民紧急响应机制,人民解放军紧急总动员,各级政府紧急响应,各种非政府组织紧急行动,展开了中华民族前所未有的生命大救援行动。全国上下与灾民携手,共同面对巨大灾害。汶川地震已经过去一年多,在这个阶段总结和反思抗震救灾中的经验教训,对于提升我国危机应对能力,更好地保障全民生命财产的安全意义重大。本文关注点在灾民中更为弱势的群体——因灾致残者。作者试图了解因灾致残者的社会支持状况,分析其社会支持的不足,进而提出完善因灾致残者社会支持的对策与建议,以保障因灾致残者的灾后生活。通过对社会支持、残疾人和残疾人社会支持现有文献的梳理和分析,作者了解到了现有的关于残疾人社会支持研究的不足以及进一步研究的空间。作者结合自身研究的特点和需要,最终选择了定性研究方法,并在关于社会支持主体和社会支持内容的理论指导下,从动态和静态两个方面分析了因灾致残者致残过程中社会支持体系现状。动态视角分析的是不同阶段的社会支持主体变迁,静态视角则关注于不同社会支持主体的支持内容。通过对9名因灾致残者访谈资料的分析,作者总结出了因灾致残者地震后经历的3个转折期,它们是遭遇灾难、接受治疗、返家康复。在这个过程中,因灾致残者的社会支持主体变迁表现为:正式的社会支持与非正式的社会支持交替占据主导地位,而家人的支持贯穿灾后的全部经历。在因灾致残者心中,家人的支持是不可或缺且无法替代的、有着重要情感支持意义的非正式支持。从不同支持主体的支持内容上来看,因灾致残者获得的来自家人、亲属、邻居、志愿者(个人志愿者和NGO志愿组织)、医疗机构、政府部门等提供的物质上与经济上的支持、情感支持、工具性的支持(生活照顾)、大宗服务(居住的支持)、行为的援助(医疗救助)等相当丰富的社会支持。这些支持关系带来了丰富的资源,使得因灾致残者可以战胜灾难带来的不幸,并为他们积极乐观的面向未来的生活提供了力量源泉。最后,作者结合我国的国情和灾区的现实条件,对社会支持的主体:政府各部门、非政府组织、家庭的社会支持以及社会支持的内容:情感支持、就业安置的支持提出了完善的建议和对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 2008 is doomed to give china’s national psychological leave permanent and the deep memory of a year. may 12:28分at 1400 hours in the stream of sichuan 8 ultra large earthquakes, over 10 provinces , 417 county, the population of more than 40 million... the whole country was the moment of great disaster energy released by the cut.After the earthquake, the Chinese government launched the first national emergency response mechanism, the PLA emergency mobilization, all levels of government emergency response, emergency operations of various non-governmental organizations, expand the life of the Chinese people unprecedented large rescue operation. Victims across the country and work together to face great disasters.Earthquake in the past year, the occasion to sum up and reflect on the lessons learned in disaster relief, crisis response for enhancing our ability to better protect the national security of lives and property of great significance.The author focuses on concerns in the more vulnerable groups who was maimed in the disaster. trying to understand the suffering of the disability community support, analyse its social support the proposed by the floods, and the disability community to support the strategies and recommendations to the protection of all maimed for life.Research on social support, the handicapped and disabled society to support exisiting evidence and analysis, the author of the need to understand that the existing social support of the lack of research and further research on space research.The author with its own characteristics and need, finally opted for conducting qualitative research methodology and on social support and social support the content of the theories of static, dynamic and the two aspects, the disabled was maimed in the social support system status. Dynamic analyses is different from the support of the change from static are concerned with different social support of the main support.Interviewed in the study of nine tolls disabled persons. Based on information collected on disability tolls were summed up after the earthquake through the three turning point, they suffered a disaster, treatment, home rehabilitation. In this process, tolls Disabled main form of social support and dynamic changes as follows: formal and informal social support, social support alternately dominate, and family support throughout the entire post-disaster experience. Disabled persons in the hearts of tolls, family support is essential and irreplaceable, and has important significance of informal support for emotional support. Different from the support of the main support in content, because of his disability to get to the member of their family and relatives and neighbors and volunteer (individual volunteers and volunteer organizations ngo) and medical institutions, government departments and the material and financial support and emotional support, tool support :care services, medical help for the aid of a rich community support. The support of the relationship between the rich resources, caused by disasters maimed can bring disasters to come the evil, and for their positive life of the power source. Finally, the author combined with the national and the realistic conditions and support of the main:government departments and non-governmental organizations, family and community support the content of the social support:emotional support, the employment of support made good suggestions and countermeasures.更多还原